ANALYZE OF MULTIVARIABLE

DISTILLATION COLUMN BY TUNING OF

PREDICTIVE METHOD

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CONTENTS
• OBJECTIVE
• INTRODUCTION
• DISTILLATION COLUMN
• MATHEMATICAL FUNCTION
• MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL
• ANALYSIS OF DDISTILLATION COLUMN
• CONCLUSION
• REFERENCES

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 OBJECTIVE
• Distillation Column as multivariable process design with mutual
interaction of columns (trays), all columns are separated with
equidistance. The DC is preferable for separation of two or more
components (like chemicals, liquids and gasses) based on boiling points.
• There two vital parameters such as pressure and temperature play as key
role. The heat is injected at the bottom through boiler, at this point high
temperature with pressure and coolant flow is imposed at the top with low
pressure through condenser.
• The model predictive control method is more feasible for interactive
multivariable process for stabilize and control the process

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 INTRODUCTION
• The Distillation Column is preferable for separation of two or more
components (like chemicals, liquids and gasses) based on boiling
points.
• DC consists of N trays or plates and all are separated with equidistance.
• The heat flow is injected at the bottom and reflux flow is implied at the
top through condenser.
• The major working principal is mass and energy (heat transfer) balance
equally at all trays in DC through steady state and dynamic behavior.
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 DISTILLATION COLUMN
•Heat in: heat flow injected to the boiler
•Condenser: To either remove or adjust heat
power at the top
•Distillation: flow from the column after distillate
•Reflux: to flow into column
•Feed: flow into column
•Flow: feed flow, reflux flow and heat flow with
respect temperature either internal or external. Fig 1:Schematic view of Distillation column
•Bottom: one output at the bottom of Column.
•Temperature: major disturbance entire column.
•Pressure: from down to top cause to change flow because of
temperature.

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 MATHEMATICAL FUNCTION
At least two variable are necessarily required for explain steady state
dynamic behavior of each tray in DC.
One variable is considered at bottom boiler and other from condenser at
top.
Y ( s )  G ( s )U ( s )  H ( s ) D( s )
 G11 ( s ) G12 ( s )   D1 ( s ) 
   U (s)    V (s)
G21 ( s ) G22 ( s )   D2 ( s ) 

XD   qR ( s )  KD 
Where : Y ( s)    U ( s)  
 B
X  V ( s)   
 1 
Q ( s )  B
K

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XD = Temperature at the top of column
XB = Temperature at the bottom of column
qR(s) = reflux flow
Q1(s) = heat flow to the boiler
KD = either temperature or pressure above of middle section to top
KB = either temperature or pressure below of middle section to bottom
And:
12 s
k11e11s
k12e k21e 21s k22e  22 s
G11 ( s )  G12 (s)  G21 ( s)  G22 ( s) 
1  T11s 1  T12 s 1  T21s 1  T22 s
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 MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL
•More advanced and skilled controller is useful for multivariable
process.
•This controller have specially function for predictive tuning and
tracking of output along with input at each sample time on receding
horizon controller.
•At each and every sample time, compute current sequence and next
step of system state with recomputed.
• Like every step it computes and track the trajectory path of input
simultaneously predict further output.
•NMPC can be consist of cost function, quadratic program, prediction
horizon, control horizon, rate of weighted input, weighted input,
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weighted output and state variable.

MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL

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Fig 2: NMPC on receding horizon
• NMPC optimization is a function of input u and state
variable x.
•These two parameters are tuned externally by P, N and
internally by Q, λ, R.
• P is predictive control, N= Horizon Control, Q = output
weighted change, λ = rate of input change and R= weighted
input 17/10/2019 11
MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS OF PROCESS

G21 ( s ) G12 ( s)
T21   T12  
G22 ( s ) G11 ( s)

12.8e1 3e8
G1 ( s)  2 G2 ( s)  2
s  2s  5 s  5s  1
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Fig 3: Multivariable Distillation
Column with disturbance
 The Wood and Berry Distillation Column are extensively used for
different control techniques. The transfer function model with two
manipulated and controlled variables Wood and Berry Distillation column
is given by

122.8e s 18.9e3s   3.8e8.1s 

    1
16.7 s  1 21s  1  14.9 s  1
Y ( s)   U ( s )    D2 ( s)    D1 ( s)
 6.6e7 s 19.4e3s   4.9e3.4 s  1
10.9s  1 14.4s  1  13.2s  1 

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 ANALYSIS OF DISTILLATION COLUMN

Phase 1
Design the DC to make it D1 is zero without G1, G2 and apply only two
inputs as reflux flow and heat flow.
The output responses (XD, XB) are obtained along with disturbance of
temperature applied at 5 seconds for along with reflux flow and 6 seconds
along with heat flow.

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Fig 4: Two response of XD, XB without coupling Fig 5: Tuning of inputs with disturbances at 5, 6 seconds
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Phase 2
Design the DC with D1 & D2 along with stable open loop systems G1, G2
and apply only two inputs as reflux flow and heat flow.
The output responses (XD, XB) are obtained along with disturbance of
temperature applied at 30,60 seconds for along with reflux flow and
40,60 seconds along with heat flow with unity coupling.

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Fig 6: Two response of XD, XB with unity coupling Fig 7: Tuning of inputs with disturbances at 30, 40 and 60 seconds
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Phase 3
Design the DC with D1 & D2 along with unstable open loop systems G1,
G2 and apply only two inputs as reflux flow and heat flow.
The output responses (XD, XB) are obtained as shown in fig 9 & 8 along
with disturbance of temperature applied at 10, 20 seconds for along with
reflux flow and 10, 20 seconds along with heat flow decoupling of
T12,T21.
The responses are obtained with tune of predictive control only.

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 Fig. 9 Two response of XD, XB with coupling
Fig 8: Tuning of inputs with disturbances at 10and 20
seconds
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 CONCLUSION

• DC is designed and simulated by increase the no of variable like

disturbances. In this DC consider only two inputs at bottom and top, four
disturbances from bottom to top and examine in three phases.
• In phase one two inputs and two disturbances without decoupling and in
phase two have four disturbances with unity decoupling. Final, in phase three
examine the DC with unstable system with decoupling. In three phase obtain
stable steady state response but in phase is require more tuning parameters
for stabilize the process. MPC is more advanced tool is stabilizing even
unstable and more complex process also

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 REFERENCES
• Vu Trieu Minh and Ahmad Majdi Abdul Rani, “Modeling and Control of Distillation Column in a Petroleum Process,” Hindawi
Publishing Corporation Mathematical Problems in Engineering, vol , pp.1-14,September2009.
• Dr. Yousif and A. Alsadiq, “AComprehensive Tuning of Distillation Column Composition Controllers using Simulated Annealing
Algorithm (SA),” Int'l Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Energy and Manufacturing Engineering (ICAEME’2014), June 9-10,
2014 Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia).
• Vinayambika S. Bhat, I. Thirunavukkarasu and S. Shanmuga Priya, “Design of Centralized Robust PI Controller for A Multivariable
Process,” Journal of Engineering Science and Technology, vol. 13, , pp.1253 – 1273, 2018.
• Samia Latreche and Mabrouk Khemliche, “Modeling And Simulation Of The Distillation Column Plates,” Advances in
Engineering: an International Journal (ADEIJ), vol.2, 2018.
• Tarikh Azis Ramadani , Fadilatul Taufany , Siti Nurkhamidah and Ali Altway , “Study of packed sieve tray column in ethanol
purification using distillation process,” Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, vol. 15, No. 1, pp. 69-74, Feb
2019.
• R. Sivakumar and Shennes Mathew, “Design and Development of Model Predictive Controller for Binary Distillation Column,”
International Journal of Science and Research, vol. 2 pp. 445-451, Dec 2013.
• Palanisamy Boopathi Nevetha, and Maruthai Suresh, “Design of Decoupler and Performance Analysis of Distillation Column,”
International Journal Of Innovative Research In Electrical, Electronics, Instrumentation And Control Engineering, vol. 4, Issue 6,
pp. 40-43, June 2018.
• P. Srinivasa Rao, G. Hemanth Kumar and K. S. Chakradhar, “ Stabilize Nonlinear Interactive Process By Predictive Method On
Receding Horizon,” International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering, vol.8, pp. 999-1004, August 2019.
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THANK YOU

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