Magnetic Particle Testing

• When a ferromagnetic
material is magnetised the
flux lines flow inside the
component
• When there is a discontinuity
in the material there is flux
leakage
• The leaking flux attracts a
magnetic medium resulting in
an indication.
 Types of magnetisation
• Longitudinal Magnetisation
• Circular Magnetisation
o AC Magnetisation
o DC Magnetisation
o HWDC magnetisation
 MAGNETIC PARTICLE TESTING
LONGITUDINAL MAGNETISATION
COIL METHOD YOKE METHOD.
 Types of Magnetisation -
Circular Magnetisation

HEAD SHOT METHOD

PROD METHOD CENTRAL CONDUCTOR

 MAGNETIC MEDIUM
Dry
Wet

• Fluorescent
– Requires Ultra violet lamp in darkened area
– More sensitive than
• Non – Fluorescent
CURRENT REQUIREMENTS
• Head Shot , Central conductor – 1000 A /
1”dia
• Prod – 100- 125 A per inch prod spacing –
2- 8 inches Normally 6 “
• Coil Testing : NI = 45000 / ( L/d)
N- no of turns, I current
L Length ( 18” max ) D - dia of job
 Magnetic Medium - Dry

• Medium about 30 – 50
microns
• Mixture of spherical and
elongated powders
• Spherical shape helps in
mobility
Dry Medium
• Elongated shape helps in
alignment to magnetic
field
MAGNETIC MEDIUM - WET
• Oxides of iron used in
suspension with water,
kerosene, petroleum oil.
• Size : 20- 30 microns
• More sensitive than dry
medium
 STAGES OF MAGNETIC
PARTICLE TESTING
• Pre - Cleaning
• Magnetisation
• Applying magnetic medium
• Inspection
• Post cleaning
• Demagnetization
 Magnetic Particle Testing

PROD METHOD
KETO RING
MAGNETIC FIELD
DISTRIBUTION

Magnetic field Magnetic

within article material
MAGNETIC FIELD
DISTRIBUTION
DISTORTED FIELD
 Magnetisation
• Magnetisation to be applied in two
mutually perpendicular direction
• Magnetic medium to be applied when the
magnetisation is ‘ON’
• Adequacy of field to be checked by field
indicator ( Pie Gage )
• Magnetic medium could be wet or dry /
Fluorescent or non-fluorescent
 MT
NON-RELEVANT INDICATION
 MT
NON-RELEVANT INDICATION

LOW PERMEABILITY
(HARD )

HIGH PERMEABILITY (SOFT)

 MT
NON-RELEVANT INDICATION

Carbide
tip

Tool
Indication
 MT
False Indication
Demagnetisation
• Residual magnetism affects
further operation such as
welding.
• Demagnetisation is
preferably done with AC
• Object is moved slowly
away from coil
• After demagnetisation
residual magnetism is
checked with gauss meters
MT Indications
MT Indications
MT Indications
MT Indications
MT INDICATIONS
MT INDICATIONS
MT INDICATIONS

Forging Burst
MT INDICATIONS
MT INDICATIONS
MT INDICATIONS
MT INDICATIONS
MT INDICATIONS
Ligament crack
THANK YOU
PIE-GAUGE

GROOVE BLOCK
CURRENT REQUIREMENT
LONGITUDINAL FIELD

CIRCULAR FIELD