3.

3- MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS

Molecular Compounds - Two or

more non-metals join

Covalent bond – joined by the

sharing of electrons
MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS

Properties
 Can be solid, liquid or gas at room temperature
 Do NOT conduct electricity when liquid or dissolved in
water
 Have low melting points
NAMING MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS

 1. Look at the formula and write

down the element name for ex) OCl2
the first atom
oxygen
NAMING MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS

2. If there is more than one atom of ex) OCl2

the first element, add the appropriate Oxygen
prefix. There is only one oxygen so no
Prefixes prefix is needed

1 atom mono- 6 atoms hexa-

2 atoms di- 7 atoms hepta-
3 atoms tri- 8 atoms octa-
4 atoms tetra- 9 atoms nona-
5 atoms penta- 10 atoms deca-
NAMING MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS

3.Write the name of the

second atom with “ide”
ending.
ex) OCl2
 Include the prefix
dichloride
*** Note! The second
element ALWAYS has a
prefix
 the name of OCl2 is“oxygen dichloride”
Try These:
1. CO carbon monoxide
2. CO2 carbon dioxide
3. PCl3 phosphorus trichloride
4. NO2 nitrogen dioxide

5. P4O10 tetraphosphorus decaoxide

 WRITING FORMULAS

1. Turn the element names into eg) dinitrogen tetraoxide

symbols. NO

N2O4
2.Turn the prefixes into
subscripts.
Try These:
1. oxygen diflouride OF2

2. carbon tetraiodide CI4

3. dinitrogen monoxide N2O

4. sulphur dioxide SO2
5. phosphorus trihydride PH3
COMMON MOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
Common Name Chemical formula and name

sugar C6H12O6, glucose

ozone O3, trioxide
hydrogen peroxide H2O2, dihydrogen dioxide
natural gas CH4 methane
vinegar CH3COOH, acetic acid
propane C3H8, propane
water H2O, dihydrogen monoxide
Organic Compounds
IMPORTANT - molecular compounds that have both carbon and
DEFINITIONS
hydrogen
Examples
- methane CH4
- propane C3H8
- glucose C6H1206

Inorganic Compounds - all other compounds, including ionic compounds

and those molecular compounds that do not have both carbon and
hydrogen in them