10 DISEASES THAT HAS NO

CURE
 Diseases that has no cure like, Autoimmune relating
to conditions and diseases in which normal cells
attacked by someone’s immune system (parts of the
body that has no cure).
 The term Terminal usually refers to a progressive disease
that is incurable and irreversible, that is it does not respond
to treatment. Furtherore, death is usually the expected
result within a short period of time.

A chronic disease is one that lasts 3 months or longer,

according to the definition of the U.S. National Center for
Health Statistics. Chronic diseases can not be cured and
are often, progressive.
“List of some diseases that can be terminal”
1 Disease “Lukemia”

What is Lukemia?
Leukemias are grouped by how quickly the disease develops (acute or chronic) as well as by the type of blood cell that is affected (lymphocytes or
myelocytes). The four main types of leukemia include acute lymphocytic leukemia or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), chronic lymphocytic
leukemia (CLL), acute myelocytic leukemia (AML), and chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML) or chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML).
People with leukemia are at significantly increased risk for developing infections, anemia, and bleeding. Other symptoms and signs include easy bruising,
weight loss, night sweats, and unexplained fevers.
The diagnosis of leukemia is supported by findings of the medical history and examination, and examining blood and bone marrow samples under a
microscope.
Leukemia treatment choices depend on the type of leukemia, certain features of the leukemia cells, the extent of the disease, and prior history of
treatment, as well as the age and health of the patient.
Most people with leukemia are treated with chemotherapy. Some also may have radiation therapy and/or bone marrow transplantation.
There is no known way to prevent leukemia.
The prognosis of leukemia depends upon several factors, including the patient's age, the type of leukemia, and the extent to which the cancer has spread.
“Common symptoms of chronic or acute leukemia may include”
 pain in the bones or joints,
 swollen lymph nodes that usually don't hurt,
 fevers or night sweats,
 feeling weak or tired,
 bleeding and bruising easily,
 frequent infections,
 discomfort or swelling in the abdomen,
 weight loss or loss of appetite.
2 Disease “AIDS/HIV”
What is HIV?

HIV is a virus that attacks cells in the immune system, which is our body’s natural defence against illness. The virus destroys a type of white blood cell in
the immune system called a T-helper cell, and makes copies of itself inside these cells. T-helper cells are also referred to as CD4 cells.
As HIV destroys more CD4 cells and makes more copies of itself, it gradually weakens a person’s immune system. This means that someone who has HIV,
and isn’t taking antiretroviral treatment, will find it harder and harder to fight off infections and diseases.
If HIV is left untreated, it may take up to 10 or 15 years for the immune system to be so severely damaged that it can no longer defend itself at all.
However, the rate at which HIV progresses varies depending on age, general health and background.
“Basic facts about HIV”
 HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus.
 It’s possible for antiretroviral treatment to reduce the level of HIV in the body to such low levels that blood tests cannot detect it. People living with
HIV whose viral load is confirmed as undetectable cannot pass on HIV.
 HIV is found in semen, blood, vaginal and anal fluids, and breastmilk.
 HIV can’t be transmitted through sweat, saliva or urine.
 Using external (or male) condoms or internal (or female) condoms during sex is the best way to prevent HIV and other sexually transmitted infections.
“What is AIDS?”
 AIDS is a set of symptoms (or syndrome as opposed to a virus) caused by HIV. A person is said to have AIDS when their immune system is too weak to
fight off infection, and they develop certain defining symptoms and illnesses. This is the last stage of HIV, when the infection is very advanced, and if
left untreated will lead to death.
“Basic facts about AIDS”
 AIDS stands for acquired immune deficiency syndrome; it’s also called advanced HIV infection or late-stage HIV.
 AIDS is a set of symptoms and illnesses that develop as a result of advanced HIV infection which has destroyed the immune system.
 Fewer people develop AIDS now because treatment for HIV means that more people are staying well.
3 Disease “Lesch-Nyhan”
What is Lesch-Nyhan?

 Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is a condition that occurs almost exclusively in males. It is characterized by

neurological and behavioral abnormalities and the overproduction of uric acid. Uric acid is a waste product
of normal chemical processes and is found in blood and urine. Excess uric acid can be released from the
blood and build up under the skin and cause gouty arthritis (arthritis caused by an accumulation of uric acid
in the joints). Uric acid accumulation can also cause kidney and bladder stones.

 The nervous system and behavioral disturbances experienced by people with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
include abnormal involuntary muscle movements, such as tensing of various muscles (dystonia), jerking
movements (chorea), and flailing of the limbs (ballismus). People with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome usually cannot
walk, require assistance sitting, and generally use a wheelchair. Self-injury (including biting and head
banging) is the most common and distinctive behavioral problem in individuals with Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.
4 Disease “Heart Disease such as Severe Coronary Artery
Disease”

What Is Coronary Artery Disease?

 The arteries, which start out smooth and elastic, get plaque
on their inner walls, which can make them more rigid and
narrowed. This restricts blood flow to your heart muscle,
which can then become starved of oxygen.
 The plaque could rupture, leading to a heart attack or sudden
cardiac death.
How Does Coronary Artery Disease Develop?
 From a young age, plaque can start to go into your blood
vessel walls. As you get older, the plaque builds up. That
inflames the walls and raises the risk of blood clots and heart
attacks.
 The plaque makes the inner walls of your blood vessels sticky.
Then, other things, like inflammatory cells, lipoproteins, and
calcium, travel in your bloodstream and mix with the plaque.
 As more of these inflammatory cells join in, along with
cholesterol, the plaque increases, both pushing the artery
walls outward and growing inward. That makes the vessels
narrower.
5 Disease “Ebola Virus Disease (EVD)”
What is Ebola Virus Disease?

 It can't be spread through the air. The disease is caused by an infection from one of
four Ebola viruses, which attack cells in the body. Symptoms include a severe
headache, a fever of at least 100.4 degrees, muscle pain, throwing up, diarrhea,
bruising, coughing up blood, chills and stomach pain.
Symptoms of Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) include:
 Fever
 Severe headache
 Muscle pain
 Weakness
 Fatigue
 Diarrhea
 Vomiting
 Abdominal (stomach) pain
 Unexplained hemorrhage (bleeding or bruising)
Symptoms may appear anywhere from 2 to 21 days after contact with the virus, with an
average of 8 to 10 days. Many common illnesses can have these same symptoms,
including influenza (flu) or malaria.
EVD is a rare but severe and often deadly disease. Recovery from EVD depends on good
supportive clinical care and the patient’s immune response. Studies show that
survivors of Ebola virus infection have antibodies (molecules that are made by the
immune system to label invading pathogens for destruction) that can be detected in
the blood up to 10 years after recovery.
6 Disease“Chronic Obstructive Pulmonory Disease (COPD)”
What is Chronic Obstructive Pulmonory Disease?

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the name for a group of lung conditions that
cause breathing difficulties.
It includes:
emphysema – damage to the air sacs in the lungs
chronic bronchitis – long-term inflammation of the airways
 COPD is a common condition that mainly affects middle-aged or older adults who smoke. Many
people don't realise they have it.
 The breathing problems tend to get gradually worse over time and can limit your normal
activities, although treatment can help keep the condition under control.

Symptoms of COPD
 The main symptoms of COPD are:
 increasing breathlessness, particularly when you're active
 a persistent chesty cough with phlegm – some people may dismiss this as just a "smoker's cough"
 frequent chest infections
 persistent wheezing
Without treatment, the symptoms usually get slowly worse. There may also be periods when they
get suddenly worse, known as a flare-up or exacerbation.
COPD occurs when the lungs become inflamed, damaged and narrowed. The main cause is smoking,
although the condition can sometimes affect people who have never smoked.
The likelihood of developing COPD increases the more you smoke and the longer you've smoked.
Some cases of COPD are caused by long-term exposure to harmful fumes or dust, or occur as a result
of a rare genetic problem that means the lungs are more vulnerable to damage.
7 Disease “Addison’s disease”
What is Addison’s disease?
 Addison's disease – also known as primary adrenal insufficiency or hypoadrenalism – is a rare disorder of
the adrenal glands.
The adrenal glands are 2 small glands that sit on top of the kidneys. They produce 2 essential hormones:
cortisol and aldosterone.
The adrenal gland is damaged in Addison's disease, so it does not produce enough cortisol or aldosterone.
About 8,400 people in the UK have Addison's disease. It can affect people of any age, although it's most
common between the ages of 30 and 50. It's also more common in women than men.
Early-stage symptoms of Addison's disease are similar to other more common health conditions, such
as depression or flu.
You may experience:
 lack of energy or motivation (fatigue)
 muscle weakness
 low mood
 loss of appetite and unintentional weight loss
 increased thirst
 Over time, these problems may become more severe and you may experience further symptoms, such as
dizziness, fainting, cramps and exhaustion. You may also develop small areas of darkened skin, or
darkened lips or gums.
 Although these symptoms are not always caused by Addison's disease, you should see your GP so they can
be investigated.
Treating Addison's disease
Addison's disease is treated with medication to replace the missing hormones. You'll need to take the
medication for the rest of your life.
With treatment, symptoms of Addison's disease can largely be controlled. Most people with the condition have
a normal lifespan and are able to live an active life with few limitations.
However, many people with Addison's disease also find they must learn to manage bouts of fatigue, and there
may be associated health conditions, such as diabetes or an underactive thyroid.
People with Addison's disease must be constantly aware of the risk of a sudden worsening of symptoms, called
an adrenal crisis. This can happen when the levels of cortisol in your body fall significantly.
8 Disease “Diabetes”
What is diabetes?

Diabetes is a chronic, metabolic disease characterized by elevated

levels of blood glucose (or blood sugar), which leads over time to
serious damage to the heart, blood vessels, eyes, kidneys, and
nerves. The most common is type 2 diabetes, usually in adults,
which occurs when the body becomes resistant to insulin or
doesn't make enough insulin. In the past three decades the
prevalence of type 2 diabetes has risen dramatically in countries
of all income levels. Type 1 diabetes, once known as juvenile
diabetes or insulin-dependent diabetes, is a chronic condition in
which the pancreas produces little or no insulin by itself. For
people living with diabetes, access to affordable treatment,
including insulin, is critical to their survival. There is a globally
agreed target to halt the rise in diabetes and obesity by 2025.

Fact about Diabetes: is 1 of the leading causes of death in the world.

In 2012 diabetes was the direct cause of 1.5 million deaths. An
additional 2.2 million deaths were caused in the same year by
higher-than-optimal levels of blood glucose, through an increased
risk of cardiovascular and other diseases.
9 Disease “ Schizophrenia”
What is Schizophrenia?

 Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects how

a person thinks, feels, and behaves. People with schizophrenia may
seem like they have lost touch with reality. Although schizophrenia is
not as common as other mental disorders, the symptoms can be very
disabling.
• To be diagnosed with schizophrenia, a patient must have psychotic, "loss-
of-reality" symptoms for at least six months and show increasing difficulty
in functioning normally.
• Although the cause of schizophrenia has not yet been identified, recent
research suggests that schizophrenia involves problems with brain
chemistry and brain structure. Scientists are currently investigating viral
infections, mild brain damage from complications during birth, and genetic
predisposition as possible factors.
• While there is no cure for schizophrenia, it is a highly treatable disease. In
fact, the treatment success rate for schizophrenia is 60 percent, compared
with 41-52 percent for heart patients.
• Antipsychotic drugs are used in the treatment of schizophrenia. These
medications help relieve the delusions, hallucinations, and thinking
problems associated with this devastating disorder. These drugs appear to
work by correcting an imbalance in the chemicals that help brain cells
communicate with each other. As with drug treatments for other physical
illnesses, many patients with severe mental illnesses may need trials of
several different antipsychotic medications before they find the one, or
the combination of medications, that work best for them.
10 Disease “Lupus”
What is Lupus?

1. Lupus affects nine times more women than men, and more women of color than white women.
 diagnosed men, senior citizens and toddlers with lupus. But women of childbearing age — 13 to
49 — are far more likely to be affected.
 Genetics also plays a role. If you’re a woman with no family history of lupus, your chances of
getting lupus are about one in 400. If your parents or a sibling has lupus, your chances jump to
one in 25.
 African-American and Latina women with no family history of lupus have about a one in 250
chance of developing the disease.
2. Lupus symptoms can differ greatly from person to person.
 Some symptoms are common to other conditions, too, which can make diagnosis difficult.
Common lupus symptoms include:
 Constant fatigue
 Achy joints
 A butterfly-shaped rash around the cheeks and nose
 Hair loss
 Blood clots
 Sensitivity to light
 Chest pain when breathing
 Mouth sores
 Swelling in the extremities or around the eyes
3. Lupus is a disease of flares and remissions.
 Lupus flare-ups can be mild, or they can be severe. At least 75 percent of people with lupus
have arthritis and skin rashes. Half have kidney problems. Lupus patients are also more
vulnerable to infection than most people.
“So let us take care of our selves and live a healthy life. So we can
avoid this kind of diseases because prevention is better than cure.”
“THANKYOU ALL FORE WATCHING AND LISTENING”

PRESENTED BY: MARIA JONNA D. POLLICAR