The Institutions that

Govern International
Relation
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an
international organization created
in 1945, shortly after the end of
WWII. The UN was formed by 51
countries in order to encourage
resolution of international conflicts
without war and to form policies on
international issues.
The UN system, also known unofficially as the "UN
family", is made up of the UN itself and many
affiliated programs, funds, and specialized
agencies, all with their own membership,
leadership, and budget. The programs and funds
are financed through voluntary rather than
assessed contributions. The Specialized Agencies
are independent international organizations
funded by both voluntary and assessed
contributions.
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NATO is an alliance of 28 countries
of bordering North Atlantic Ocean. It
includes Canada, the United States,
Turkey, and the most members of the
European Union. The organization were
created during the 1994 Bretton Woods
Conference. NATO mission is to protect
the freedom of its members.
NATO's mission is to protect the freedom of its members. Its targets
include weapons of mass destruction, terrorism, and cyber attacks.
Security in our daily lives is key to our well-being. NATO’s purpose is to
guarantee the freedom and security of its members through political and
military means.
POLITICAL - NATO promotes democratic values and enables members
to consult and cooperate on defence and security-related issues to solve
problems, build trust and, in the long run, prevent conflict.
MILITARY - NATO is committed to the peaceful resolution of disputes. If
diplomatic efforts fail, it has the military power to undertake crisis-
management operations. These are carried out under the collective defence
clause of NATO's founding treaty - Article 5 of the Washington Treaty or under
a United Nations mandate, alone or in cooperation with other countries and
international organizations.
 Non-Government Organization
A Non-Government Organization
(NGO) is an organization that was not
founded by a state therefore, is typically
independent of governments. NGO’s are
usually nonprofit organizations that gain at
least a portion of their funding from private
sources.
Two broad groups of NGO’s are identified by the World Bank:
•Operational NGOs- which focus on development projects;
•Advocacy NGOs- which are organized to promote particular causes.

Certain NGOs may fall under both categories simultaneously.

Examples of NGOs include those that support human rights, advocate for
improved health or encourage political participation.

While the term "NGO" has various interpretations, it is generally accepted to

include private organizations that operate without government control and
that are non-profit and non-criminal. Other definitions further clarify NGOs as
associations that are non-religious and non-military.
Some NGOs rely primarily on volunteers, while others support a paid staff.
World Trade Organization
The only global international
organizations dealing with the rules
of trade between nations. It is an
organization for trade opening. The
WTO is a place where member
governments try to sort out the
trade problems they face with each
other.
It is an organization for trade opening. It is a forum for
governments to negotiate trade agreements. It is a place for
them to settle trade disputes. It operates a system of trade rules.
Essentially, the WTO is a place where member governments try
to sort out the trade problems they face with each other.

The WTO is run by its member governments. All major decisions

are made by the membership as a whole, either by ministers
(who usually meet at least once every two years) or by their
ambassadors or delegates (who meet regularly in Geneva).
North American Free Trade Agreement
The North American Free
Trade Agreement history began
in 1980. It’s purpose is to reduce
trading costs, increase business
investment and help North
America be more competitive in
the global market place. The
agreement between Canada, The
United States and Mexico.
NAFTA’s main provisions called for the gradual reduction of
tariffs, customs duties, and other trade barriers between the
three members, with some tariffs being removed immediately
and others over periods of as long as 15 years. The agreement
ensured eventual duty-free access for a vast range of
manufactured goods and commodities traded between the
signatories. “National goods” status was provided to products
imported from other NAFTA countries, banning any state, local,
or provincial government from imposing taxes or tariffs on such
goods.
NAFTA also contained provisions aimed at
securing intellectual-property rights. Participating
countries would adhere to rules
protecting intellectual property and would adopt strict
measures against industrial theft.

Other provisions instituted formal rules for resolving

disputes between investors and participating countries.
Among other things, such rules permitted corporations or
individual investors to sue for compensation any signatory
country that violated the rules of the treaty.
 QUIZ!!!!!
1. What institution that reduce trading costs, increase
business investment and help North America be more
competitive in the global market place ?
2. What institution was formed by 51 countries in order to
encourage resolution of international conflicts without
war?
3. What institution that was not founded by a state?
4. What institution protects the freedom of its members?
5. What institution that deals with rules of trade
between nations?
6-7. What are the two (2) groups of NGO that are
identified by the World Bank?
8-9. What are the two (2) purpose of NATO that
guarantee the freedom and security of its members?
10. What are the products imported from other
NAFTA countries?