SYSTEM
RV
EDV
Lung
LA
LV
EDV
Stroke Volume
x HR = CO
Preload
LVEDV
Preload-Independence =
Artinya, setiap peningkatan preload pada
area ini TIDAK akan meningkatkan stroke
volume, bahkan dapat menurunkan stroke
Preload-dependence =
Artinya, setiap peningkatan preload by volume
loading pada area ini akan meningkatkan stroke
volume, sehingga cardiac output akan meningkat
Preload
FRANK STARLING CURVE IN FAILING
HEART
normal heart
Stroke volume
preload-dependence
failing heart
Margin of safety <<
preload-independence
. Preload
Normal Cardiac Output
CO @ Rest: 5 L/min
All blood in body is completely circulated every minute at rest!
How does your body alter Cardiac Output to meet metabolic demands?
How does your body Alter Cardiac Output?
2) Parasympathetic ANS
decreases HR
3) Sympathetic ANS
increases HR
Norepinephrine (Neuro)
Epinephrine (Hormone)
FLOW FLOW
CO
SVR
BP
MAP drives blood flow…..
So the body carefully monitors and maintains MAP
MAP = CO x R
Short & long term mechanisms will alter cardiac output & vascular resistance
Blood Pressure = CO x SVR
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