A. D.

PATEL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

 SUBJECT: ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING(AIR POLLUUTION)

 YEAR:3rd (CIVIL ENGINEERING)

 COMPLIED BY: 170010106039 RATHI AMARJEET

170010106044 SODHA JIGAR

170010106048 SONI RUTVIK

GUIDED BY: DKB MA’M

SOURCES OF AIRPOLLUTION :
1. NATURAL SOURCES :
o Atmospheric reaction : In the atmosphere ,
different types of chemical reaction are always
going on. In the lower atmosphere, the gases or
vapours are converted in soilds and liquid by
condensation or oxidation.
In the upper atmosphere , the photochemical
reaction are going on by the absorption of ultra
violet solar radiation. It breaks the complex
molecules of organic matters.
o Gas and ash released from volcanic eruption
• Smoke and green house gases released by forest
fires.
o Harmful gases, particulates and chemical form
dust storms, electric storms.
o Marsh gases due to decay of vegetable matter in
marshy places.
o Salt spray from oceans.
o Microorganisms: these are in the form of algae ,
fungi, bacteria, yeast, etc. these organisms can
be transported by wind to far distance and can
affect plants , animals and human being.
o Radioactive: the radioactive substance like
uranium, radium, thorium, etc. present in the
earth crust are responsible for imparting the
radioactive air.
1. MAN MADE SOURCES:
o COMBUSTION OF FUEL: in domestic area, the burning
of coal, wood , oil, LPG, etc. forms harmful gases
which pollute the air.
o Automobile exhaust : automobile like truck, buses
, cars, two wheelers , autoriskshows , etc. exhausts
carbon monoxide which is dangerous to human
health.
o Industries :the industrial like iron and steel
manufacturing oil refinery, chemical factories, petro
chemical plants, pulp and paper , etc. cause air
pollution.
o
o Thermal and nuclear power plants : the thermal
power plants contribute sulphur dioxide and
nuclear power plants contribute radioactive fly
ashes to the atmosphere air.
o Agricultural activities : use of pesticides for
growing crops may cause air pollution.
o Construction materials : the manufacture of
bricks , cement , stones chips , etc. pollute the
atmosphere by discharging smoke , gases and
dusts.
o
o Mining
o Nuclear explosions
o Air crafts
o Waste water treatment plants
EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION
o HEALTH OF AIR POLLUTION ON HUMAN HEALTH :
1. Some aromatic hydrocarbons may cause cancer.
2. Exposure to dust , smoke, smog, and soot may
induce several respiratory diseases like asthama
, bronchitis and lung cancer
3. Atmosphere dust containing slilica may cause
silicosis.
4. Air borne and toxic metals are carcinogenic.
5. Pollens initiate asthamatic attacks.
EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON PLANTS
AND VEGETATION :
o Air pollutants affect plants by entering through
stomata , destroy chlorophyll and effect
photosynthesis.
o During the day time the stomata are wide open to
facilitate photosynthesis.
o Air pollutants during during day time affects
plants by entering the leaf through these stomata
more than night.
EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON
MATERIALS AND BULDINGS :
o Sulphur dioxide effects marble, limestone,
roofing, paper , building, textile and monuments.
o No fades away textile dyes like cotton, rayon etc.
x

higher level of No causes 10 % losses if fibre

x

strength in cotton and rayon.

o Leather also has affinity far so which affects its
2

strength and causes it to disintegrate.

EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON CLIMATE:

o Emissions of pollutants into the air can result in

changes to the climate. Ozone in the atmosphere
warms the climate, while different components
of particulate matter (PM) can have either
warming or cooling effects on
the climate. Climate changes can result
in impacts to air quality.
EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON
AESTHETIC BEAUTY :
 The aesthetic beauty of nature is not visible
[Reduction in visibility results from scattering of
light by air borne particulates (0.1 to 1 µm size).
This also leads to safety hazards] in the haze
formed by dust and smoke in the air. Industries,
automobiles, sewage & garbage heaps emit foul
odours causing further loss of aesthetic beauty.
EFFECTS OF AIR POLLUTION ON ANIMALS

 When the animals feed upon the particulate

coated plants (especially with Fluorine, Lead,
Arsenic) they get affected with Arsenic poisoning
(cattle and sheep) and Arsenic poisoning (cattle).
Lead poisoning results in bronchitis and lack of
appetite in pet animals.
THANK YOU….