UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO

KIDAPAWAN CITY CAMPUS

Sudapin, Kidapawan City

IMAGINING A NATION
 Imagining a nation
Vocabulary:
 Cortes- the legislative or lawmaking body of the Spanish Government
 Creole- a Spaniard born in the Philippines
 mestizo- an individual born on mixed ancestry; may refer to a Spanish
mestizo or a Chinese mestizo
 propaganda – information used to promote or publicize a particular
cause or point of view
 Restoration- refers to the Spanish Restoration; a period in Spanish
history spanning the years 1874-19331 that saw the restoration of the
monarchy under Alfonso XII together with the establishment of
bicameral legislature.
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 The formation of the Circulo Hispano- Filipino was the
earliest attempt to unite Filipinos studying in Spain.
 Circulo Hispano – Filipinos is an organization under
the leadership of a Creole, Juan Atayde
 The circulo published a bi-weekly newspaper titled
‘REVISTA DEL CIRCULO HISPANO FILIPINO’ in
1882 but the newspaper and the organization itself
were short-lived and lasted only until 1883.
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 TITLE
 In 1883, a periodical called Los Dos Mundos came out
with the intention of demanding for the overseas Hispanic
colonies equality of the rights and equal opportunities for
progress.
 Rizal and Eduardo de Lete also contributed articles
concerned with socio-political and economic reforms in
the Philippines
 Noli Me Tangere- Rizal's first novel and came out in
1887
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 Espana en Filipinas- another newspaper which
began its publication through the support of Filipinos,
creoles, and mestizo’s in Madrid.
 La Solidaridad
- release its first issue on February 15, 1889.
- often ran articles dealing with Spanish politics,
attacks on friars, and reforms for the Philippines.

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 Imagining a nation

 Rizal always held the opinion that to serve country better,

one had to bring the issues closer to home. One had to
speak to Filipinos , rather than the Spaniards.
 Del Pilar was a skillful politician who felt that efforts at
persuading the Spanish leaders and officials needed to be
continued and that this was the best way to achieve the
reforms Filipinos were seeking.

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 Imagining a nation
 In its final issue, its editor , del Pilar, had written “ We are
persuaded that no sacrifices are too little to win the rights
and the liberty of a nation that is oppressed by slavery.”

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