Overview of 3G

3G
• Higher bandwidth enables a range of new applications!!

• For the consumer

– Video streaming, TV broadcast
– Video calls, video clips – news, music, sports
– Enhanced gaming, chat, location services…
• For business
– High speed teleworking / VPN access
– Sales force automation
– Video conferencing
– Real-time financial information

2
 3G Standards
• 3G Standard is created by ITU-T and is called as
IMT-2000.
• The aim of IMT-2000 is to harmonize worldwide 3G
systems to provide Global Roaming.

3
 Upgrade paths for 2G Technologies

2G IS-95 GSM- IS-136 & PDC

GPRS
IS-95B
2.5G
HSCSD EDGE

Cdma2000-1xRTT W-CDMA
3G Cdma2000-1xEV,DV,DO EDGE
TD-SCDMA
Cdma2000-3xRTT
4
3GPP2 3GPP
 Services roadmap
Improved performance, decreasing cost of
delivery

Broadband
3G-specific
3G-specific services
services take
take in wide area
advantage
advantage of
of higher
higher bandwidth
bandwidth
and/or Video sharing
and/or real-time
real-time QoS
QoS Video telephony
AA number
number ofof mobile
mobile Real-time IP
services Multitasking multimedia and games
services are
are bearer
bearer
independent WEB browsing Multicasting
independent in in nature
nature
Corporate data access
Streaming audio/video
MMS picture / video
xHTML browsing
Application downloading
E-mail
Voice & SMS Presence/location
Push-to-talk
Typical
average bit GSM GPRS EGPRS WCDMA HSDPA
rates 9.6 171 473 2 1-10
(peak rates
higher) kbps kbps kbps Mbps Mbps
2000 1x
CDMA

CDMA

CDMA
EVDO

EVDV
2000-

2000-
5
 GSM evolution to 3G
High Speed Circuit Switched Data
Dedicate up to 4 timeslots for data connection
~ 50 kbps
Good for real-time applications c.w. GPRS
Inefficient -> ties up resources, even when
nothing sent
Not as popular as GPRS (many skipping HSCSD)
Enhanced Data Rates for Global
GSM Evolution
HSCSD
9.6kbps (one Uses 8PSK modulation
timeslot) 3x improvement in data rate on short
GSM Data distances
Also called CSD Can fall back to GMSK for greater
GSM GPRS distances
Combine with GPRS (EGPRS) ~ 384 WCDMA
kbps
General Packet Radio Services Can also be combined with HSCSD
Data rates up to ~ 115 kbps EDGE
Max: 8 timeslots used as any one time
Packet switched; resources not tied up all
the time
Contention based. Efficient, but variable
delays 6
GSM / GPRS core network re-used by WCDMA
 UMTS
• UMTS is the European vision of 3G.
• UMTS is an upgrade from GSM via GPRS or EDGE.
• The standardization work for UMTS is carried out by Third
Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).
• Data rates of UMTS are:
– 144 kbps for rural
– 384 kbps for urban outdoor
– 2048 kbps for indoor and low range outdoor
• Virtual Home Environment (VHE)

7
UMTS Network Architecture

Mobile Sta

8
 UMTS Network Architecture

• UMTS network architecture consists of three

domains:

– Core Network (CN) : To provide switching, routing and

transit for user traffic.

– UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) :

Provides the air interface access method for User
Equipment.

– User Equipment (UE) : Terminals work as air interface

counterpart for Node B. The various identities are: IMSI,
TMSI, P-TMSI, TLLI, MSISDN, IMEI, IMEISV.

9
 UTRAN
• Wide band CDMA technology is selected for UTRAN air
interface.
• Base Station is referred to as Node-B and control equipment for
Node-B’s is called is called as Radio Network Controller (RNC).
– Functions of Node –B are:
• Air Interface Tx/Rx
• Modulation / Demodulation
– Functions of RNC are:
• Radio Resource Control
• Channel Allocation
• Power Control Settings
• Handover Control
• Ciphering
• Segmentation and Reassembly

10
 UMTS Frequency Spectrum
• UMTS Band : 1900-2025 MHz and 2110-2200 MHz for 3G transmission.
• Terrestrial UMTS (UTRAN) : 1900-1980 MHz, 2010-2025 MHz, and 2110-
2170 MHz bands

11
 IMPACT ON EXISTING NETWORK
Wireless Requires
Channel Infrastructure
Data Duplex New Requires New Handsets
BW Change
Tech Spectrum

Requires Yes, New HSCSD handsets provide

Software 57.6Kbps on HSCSD n/w and 9.6 Kbps on
HSCSD 200KHz FDD No
Upgrade at GSM n/w with dual mode phones. GSM
base station only phones will not work in HSCSD N/w.

Requires new
Yes, New GPRS handsets work on GPRS
packet overlay
n/w at 171.2Kbps, 9.6 Kbps on GSM n/w
GPRS 200KHz FDD including No
with dual mode phones. GSM only phones
routers and
will not work in GPRS n/w.
gateways

Requires new
Yes, New handsets work on EDGE n/w at
transceivers at
384Kbps, GPRS n/w at 144Kbps, and
base station.
EDGE 200KHz FDD No GSM n/w at 9.6 Kbps with tri -mode
Also, software
phones. GSM and GPRS -only phones will
upgrade to the
not work in EDGE n/w.
BSC & BTS

Yes, New W -CDMA handsets will work on

Requires
W-CDMA at 2Mbps, EDGE n/w at 384
completely
W-CDMA 5MHz FDD Yes Kbps, GPRS n/w at 144 Kbps. GSM n/w at
new base 12in
9.9 Kbps. Older handsets will not work
stations
W-CDMA.