G. Tyler Miller’s
Living in the Environment
14th Edition
Chapter 22
Water, Air, Land ….
The solution to
pollution is
dilution.
Chapter 22 Key Concepts
Indicator Species:
organisms that give an
idea of the health of the
water body.
• Mussels, oysters and
clams filter water
Types, Effects and Sources of Water
Pollution
Point sources
Refer to Tables 22-1 and
22-2 p. 492 and 493
Nonpoint sources
Fig. 22-3 p. 494
Water quality
Point and Nonpoint Sources
NONPOINT SOURCES
Rural homes
Animal feedlot
Suburban POINT
development SOURCES
Factory
Wastewater
treatment
plant
Monitor aquifers
Largest US
estuary
Relatively shallow
Slow “flushing”
action to Atlantic
Reduce runoff
Nonpoint Sources
Bottled water
Purification of urban drinking
water
Surface Water: (like
Delaware River)
• Removed to reservoir to
improve clarity
• Pumped to a treatment
plant to meet drinking
water standards
Groundwater: often does
not need much
treatment
Purification of rural drinking
water
There can be simple ways
to purify water:
Maximum Contaminating
Levels (MCLs)
Safe Drinking Water Act
• Privately owned wells
exempt from SDWA