Science Project

Recommendations (6)


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At a recent meeting, scientists discussed ways in
which to handle the overwhelming amount of agricultural produce in
Taiwan. Originally an agricultural based economy that
has shifted to an industrial based one, Taiwan now overproduces
agricultural produce that can be found in rice as well as in traditional
vegetable and fruit markets. However, even with these traditional
markets, effectively dealing with agricultural overproduce is problematic.
For agricultural overproduce in the international community, the
cellulose microbe can not curtail food processing effectively, largely
owing to the natural boundary of enzyme production for a thermostable
enzyme. The cellulase in cultural heritage is subjected
to hot stability, which is insufficiently high; the enzyme yield is low as
well. Additionally, the natural boundary only has a small amount of
mold and actinomyceses for the cellulase. Therefore, owing to that the
natural boundary is not fast enough, agricultural overproduce can not
be processed efficiently. (NOTE : Add 2 sentences that describe
characteristics of the problem or statistics that reflect its severity)
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For instance, according to the
Environmental Protection Administration of the Republic of
China, Taiwan has 6,000,000 tons of agricultural
overproduce that must be processed annually. However,
this overproduce can not be processed entirely. Taiwan
has 2,300,000 tons of agricultural overproduce in rice,
while traditional vegetable and fruit markets generate
600,000 tons. Such overproduce can not be processed
efficiently. The inability to produce a
thermostable enzyme would make it impossible to handle
the overwhelming amount of agricultural produce in Taiwan,
resulting in serious environmental pollution.
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Therefore, we recommend growing thermostable
cellulases to understand whether streptomyces inside the mutation stub
are active for purposes of manufacturing glucose in the food processing
sector. To do so, aleatoric mutation can be achieved
using the prone error PCR method. Streptomyces can then be sieved by
using a culture medium. Next, whether streptomyces can be expressed
in vitro can be determined to identify the enzyme activity of thermostable
ecllulases by using the DNS method. As anticipated,
analysis results can indicate that the active mutation stub can be sieved,
subsequently increasing the enzyme activity by 50%. This mutation stub
is highly promising for industrial applications in wastewater treatment and
manufacturing glucose for enzyme production. Results of
this study can demonstrate that, by using the prone error PCR method,
mutation stub can be used to eliminate agricultural waste byproducts.
(NOTE : Add 2-4 more sentences that describe more thoroughly how the
proposed method contributes to a particular field or sector)
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Our senior management recently expressed
concern over how to more thoroughly understand the function of
CTAR2. Latent membrane protein (LMPI) expressed in
EBV-infected cells is a major transforming protein. Epstein-Barr virus
(EBV) is a herpesvirus that infects more than 90% of the human
population, despite the fact that most carriers remain asymptomatic.
EBV, the causative agent of infectious monucleosis, is associated with
several human lymphoid and epithelial malignancies, including Burkits
lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), T cell lymphoma and
Hodgkins disease. LMPI, an integral membrane protein comprising
386 amino acids, consists of the N-terminus cytoplasmic domain of
twenty four amino acids, six membrane-spanning domains of 162
amino acids, and a long cytoplasmic C-terminus of 200 amino acids.
The phosphorylation of LMPI plays a significant role in
regulating the function of LMPI. The C-terminus of LMPI, i.e. the main
domain engaging the intracellular signal transductions, can be
phosphorylated.
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The C-terminus contains several activating regions, i.e. CTAR1,
CTAR2, and CTAR3, that determine the biological functions of the
molecule. Although the function of CTAR2 has been extensively
studied, certain aspects require further consideration. For instance,
LMPI is known to activate at least seven signaling pathways. (NOTE :
Add 2 sentences that describe characteristics of the problem or
statistics that reflect its severity)
According to previous studies, CTAR2 domains of
LMPI activate around 75% of NT-KB activity compared with full-length
LMPI. Whether CTAR1 accounts for the remaining 25% of NF-KB
activity is unknown. The inability to identify and
characterize the remaining 25% function of CTAR1 prevents us from
thoroughly understanding how this versatile molecule implements its
function in EBV-induced transformation and, possibly, preventing the
development of potential therapeutic targets for EBV-associated
cancers.
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Therefore, we recommend developing a model based on
analysis of Epstein-Barr virus latent membrane protein in which C
terminus 204 and 206 are mutated. Based on those results, the
phosphorylation and ubiquitination of the mutated C terminus 204 and
206 can also be found on the NF-KB signal pathway.
To do so, the LMPI DNA can be selected based on a colony technique.
The DNA can then be analyzed in terms of protein expression by cell
culture and Western blotting. As anticipated, the proposed
model can reduce phosphorylation on the NF-KB signal pathway by 25%.
By identifying and characterizing LMPI-associated proteins,
LMPI mediated signal pathway and LMPI target enes can provide further
insight into how this versatile molecule executes its function in EBV-
induced transformation, making it possible to develop potential
therapeutic targets for EBV-associated cancers. (NOTE : Add 2
sentences that describe more thoroughly how the proposed method
contributes to a particular field or sector)
Further details can be found at
http://www.chineseowl.idv.tw