Jenny Bashiruddin
Departemen THT FKUI/RSCM
Jakarta
• Persepsi bunyi dalam ruangan
dipengaruhi oleh :
- Kekuatan sumber bunyi
- Jarak dari sumber bunyi
- Daya gema/gaung ruangan
- Bising latar belakang
• Sumber bunyi :
Benda yang bergetar spt garpu
tala, dawai biola, tabung berputar
• Medium :
Perantara yg membawa getaran
bunyi umumnya udara
• Kecepatan :
Kecepatan rambat bunyi di
udara ± 344m/dt
Air : 1,5 m/dt
Besi : 5 m/dt
• Rambatan bunyi di udara :
Disebarkan ke berbagai arah di
udara, dirambatkan terus ke
lapisan yg lebih jauh
• Getaran menghasilkan gerakan :
Pemampatan (Compression)
Perenganggan (Rarefaction)
• Jenis Getaran :
Getaran harmonik sederhana,
sinusoid
Getaran kompleks
• Frekuensi :
Jumlah getaran perdetik c/s = Hertz
• Rinne
• Weber
• Swabach
ORGAN KORTI DAN
TONOTOPIK
MEKANISME PROSSESING
BISING
Definisi
Subyektif : bunyi yg tidak
diinginkan
Obyektif : terdiri dari getaran
kompleks
berbagai frekuensi & amplitudo
baik periodik / non periodik
• Bising kontinu berspektrum luas & menetap
(steady wide band noise ) dgn batas amplitudo
kurang lebih
5dB untuk periode waktu 0,5 detik.
Contohnya : suara mesin, suara kipas angin
dll.
85 8
88 4
91 2
94 1
97 30’
100 15’
103 7,5’
106 3,75’
• sumber polusi bising : gemuruh
mesin beberapa pabrik, desing jet,
gemuruh mesin turbin beberapa
kapal laut, letusan senjata api,
mesin pemotong rumput, bising alat
pemecah beton atau aspal, bising
alat penghisap debu kendaraan
atau transportasi dengan sistem
gas buang dan suspensi yang buruk.
Source –dangerous level dBA SPL
• Cepat lelah
• Penurunan kewaspadaan
• Penurunan prestasi
• Penurunan ambang dengar
• Stres
Tinnitus
Noise
damage
occurs
HERE
• Single event
• Explosion Acoustic Trauma
• Gun blast
• Long-term exposure to sounds of
about 85 dB or higher
• Like walking on the grass
• Very gradual Noise-induced
• No clear warning signs
Hearing Loss
What about Hearing Loss?
• Of the 28 million Do you have trouble:
• Hearing on the phone?
with hearing loss in
• Following the conversation when two or
the US, about 1/3 more people are talking?
due in part to noise • With others saying the TV or radio is too
loud?
• Social implications • Straining to hear conversation?
• Tinnitus • Hearing in a noisy background?
• Asking people to repeat themselves?
• Self test
• Thinking others mumble or speak
• If you say yes to unclearly?
three or more, see a • Misunderstanding what others say, and
professional about responding inappropriately?
your hearing. • Understanding women or children?
Don’t Hearing Aids fix
it?
• In a word … NO!
• Noise destroys
• Hearing aids
amplify, but...
• Can’t correct for
the internal
damage done by
noise
• www.hearingconservation.org
• 303.224.9022
No Noise is Good Noise!