Aplikasi Teknologi Informasi

Dalam Pendidikan

Bahan Kuliah Program Studi Manajemen Pendidikan-S2

Program Pascasarjana Universitas Ahmad Dahlan

Dosen: Dr. Muchlas, M.T.

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 Pertemuan Ke-1:
Gambaran Umum Peranan IT
Dalam Bidang Pendidikan

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 Tujuan:
Mahasiswa dapat:
• mendefinisikan pengertian IT
• membuat deskripsi umum tentang peranan IT
dalam bidang pendidikan
• menjelaskan prinsip-prinsip tatakelola
implementasi IT di lembaga pendidikan
• menjelaskan faktor-faktor keberhasilan dan cara
penilaian implementasi IT di lembaga pendidikan

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Pengalaman Kita Dengan IT
Dalam Bidang Pendidikan?

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Teknologi Informasi?

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 Teknologi Informasi (TI=IT)
• Teknologi Informasi adalah cabang dari
engineering yang menyediakan dukungan
dalam akuisisi, pemrosesan, penyimpanan
dan diseminasi informasi dalam bentuk
angka, teks, suara, dan piktorial (gambar)
menggunakan kombinasi komputasi dan
telekomunikasi berbasis mikroelektronika.

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Teknologi Informasi (TI=IT)

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IT Dalam Pendidikan

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 Posisi Tata Kelola IT Dalam Institusi

http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/dec07/mueller_phillipson/index.html
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PertanyaanTata Kelola
• IT
• Apakah kita melakukan hal
yang benar?
• Apakah kita melakukannya
dengan cara yang benar?
• Apakah kita membuatnya
bekerja dengan baik?
• Apakah kita mendapatkan
manfaat?

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Tata Kelola IT: Pertanyaan-pertanyaan
Implementasi IT

Are we Are we
Level doing getting
Pengelola the right the
Lembaga things? benefits?
Nilai-nilai
Manajemen
Lembaga

Level Are we Are we

Pengelola doing them getting
IT the right them done
way? well?

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Source: The Information Paradox
 Model Tata Kelola IT (1): ISO 38500
Bu ssu
Pr
sin res

Corporate
e

1. Responsibility;
es

Governance
s

Evaluate 2. Strategy;
3. Acquisition;
Direct Monitor
4. Performance;
5. Conformance;
6. Human
Behaviour.

IT IT
Projects Operations

Corporate Management
Page 12
Model Tata Kelola IT (2): Best Practice di MUSC

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Lihat lebih detil di http://www.musc.edu/ocio/presentations/it_gov.pdf
Model Tata Kelola IT (3): Axin

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Lihat lebih detil di http://axin.co.uk/insights/insight004.htm
 Model Tata Kelola IT (4): IBM

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http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/rational/library/dec07/mueller_phillipson/index.html
 Model Tata Kelola IT (5): COBIT

http://community.ca.com/blogs/itil/archive/2009/08/31/5-deadly-sins-of-governing-your-
itsm-environment-part-1.aspx
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Faktor Keberhasilan
Implementasi TI

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 Business Systems and Change
• Operating context of the organisation
– External
– Internal.
ext
ont
• Four key elements of operating C
organisations e ss People
– People – who participate in business events sin
– Process – what business events take place Bu
e
– Structure – where business events happen Th The
– Technology – enabling and recording
events Process Business Structure
System
• IT intrinsic to day to day operations
– Business process specific - Transactions,
Customers, Etc Technology
– Generic - Email, Telephony, Information

This model is a
variant on H.J.
Leavitt’s Model of
organisational change,
published in 1965.
Page 18
0:25
 Business Systems and Change
• Operating context of the organisation
– External
– Internal.

t
ex
• Four key elements of operating

nt
Co
organisations
People
People

ss
– People – who participate in business events

ne
– Process – what business events take place

si
Bu
– Structure – where business events happen

e
– Technology – enabling and recording The
The

Th
events
Process Business Structure
Process Structure
System
System
• IT intrinsic to day to day operations
– Business process specific - Transactions,
Customers, Etc
– Generic - Email, Telephony, Information Technology
Technology

• When IT fails, whole organisations and

extended organisations stop This model is a
– Citylink Melbourne, Tuesday 20 Sept 2006 variant on H.J.
Leavitt’s Model of
organisational change,
published in 1965.
Page 19
0:26
 Business Systems and Change
xt x
e xtt
e et
nt Change Program Cnont
C o o
Cs Changed
s
ss People • Business System ins
es People
People
People
e e
s
in •Process Biun
s dus
Bu •Technology e
B
e The eng The
Change
Th Process •Structure a
h
CTh Changed
The Changed
Busines Structure •People Processd
Process Busines
ProcessBusiness
Structure
Structure
Structure
Structure
s • Business Context s
Busines
System
System •Process System
s
•Technology System
Changed
Technology Technology
Technology
“Traditional” •Structure
IT Change Project Technology
•People

• IT is now a fundamental enabler of change • Implementing IT enabled change involves

and is leading to new business models and attention to every facet of business models
new business practices and practices
– Eg e-Government – Internal and external factors

• Governing IT Enabled Change involves much more than governing technology

activities.
Page 20
0:28
 Why “Best Effort” is not good enough?

• “Best Effort”, “Some Progress”, “Improved

Performance”… are not measurable.
• “Performance is improved 10%”, “Time to Market
decreased from 100 days to 50 days”, “Customer
Satisfaction Rate improves 23 percents”. Those are
good measurements.
• All the measurements must be
quantitative!

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Pengukuran Kinerja Implementasi IT

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Generic Maturity Model

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 Model Kematangan
Responsibility and
Accountability
[RA ]

Awareness and Policies, Plans and Goal Setting and

Communication Procedures Measurement
[AC ] [PPP] [GSM]

Tools and Automation Skills and Expertise

[TA ] [SE]

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Collecting Maturity Model Data
0 1 2 3 4 5

Awareness and Communication

Policies, Standards and Procedures

Tools and Automation

Skills and Expertise

Responsibility and Accountability

Goal Setting and Measurement

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