Benign Paroxysmal

Positional Vertigo
(BPPV)
Oleh :
Muhlisin Amin (014.06.0040)
Dina Hidayatul Hamni (015.06.0026)

Pembimbing : dr. S.A. Putri, Sp.S, M.Kes

SMF NEUROLOGI RSUD KOTA MATARAM

FAKULTAS KEDOKTERAN UNIVERSITAS ISLAM AL-AZHAR MATARAM
TAHUN 2021
ABSTRAK Tujuan: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) adalah
penyakit organ akhir vestibular perifer yang paling
umum. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk merangkum temuan
penelitian dan penemuan utama BPPV. Patofisiologi,
diagnosis, non-bedah, dan manajemen bedah.

Metode: Sebuah tinjauan komprehensif dari literatur

mengenai BPPV hingga Juni 2018 dilakukan.

Hasil: BPPV ditandai dengan episode vertigo yang tiba-tiba

dan singkat yang dipicu oleh gerakan kepala tertentu.
Meskipun sering kali terbatas, BPPV dapat berdampak
besar pada kualitas hidup. Diagnosis dapat ditegakkan
dengan manuver Dix-Hallpike untuk kanal posterior dan
anterior, atau supine roll test untuk kanal horizontal.

Kesimpulan: Diagnosis BPPV dapat ditegakkan melalui

riwayat klinis bersama dengan manuver diagnostik.

Key Words: Benign paroxysmal positional

vertigo, manuver reposisi partikel, Dix-Hallpike,
kanalit, oklusi kanal semisirkular.
PENDAHULUAN
BPPV adalah penyakit organ akhir vestibular perifer yang ditandai dengan sensasi
berputar mendadak yang khas disertai dengan nistagmus.

Dipicu oleh perubahan posisi kepala.

Pusing ringan hingga episode yang melemahkan  mual atau muntah 
menghambat aktivitas sehari-hari.

Studi cross-sectional di Eropa  prevalensi 2,4%.

Data penelitian selanjutnya 10,7 hingga 64 kasus per 100.000 per tahun.
Onset puncaknya  dekade kelima dan keenam kehidupan.

Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sedikitnya 10% hingga 20% pasien dengan kondisi
tersebut menerima pengobatan yang sesuai.
 PATOFISIOLOGI

• Sistem vestibular berevolusi untuk mengamati gerakan dan posisi kepala.

• Organ otolith yang terdiri dari utricle dan saccule mendeteksi percepatan
linear dan gaya gravitasi, kanal semisirkular mendeteksi percepatan rotasi.

• Teori tentang patofisiologi BPPV :

1. Canalithiasis
2. Cupulolithiasis
 Gambar. 2. Gambar pemindaian mikrograf elektron
Gambar 1. Telinga bagian dalam kiri.
dari otoconia di dalam saluran endolimfatik
Demonstrasi kanalitiasis kanal posterior
kanal posterior yang dikeluarkan dari pasien
dan cupulolitiasis kanal horizontal.
dengan BPPV keras. Gambar ditampilkan
pada perbesaran 20k. Batang skala 20
mikrometer.
CONT’D....

• Sebagian besar kasus BPPV idiopatik

• Penyebab sekunder dari BPPV termasuk pembedahan
otologik dan non-otologi, trauma kepala, atau cara apapun
dimana tenaga mekanik yang cukup mencapai telinga
bagian dalam.

• Penyakit dapat berkembang melalui gangguan telinga

bagian dalam  degradasi dan disasosiasi otoconia dari
telinga bagian dalam.
• Ini termasuk neuritis vestibular, penyakit Meniere dan
gangguan pendengaran sensorineural mendadak (SNHL).
DIAGNOSIS

01
Riwayat
lingkungan berputar, berlangsung kurang dari 20 detik, dipicu
oleh gerakan kepala tertentu seperti memanjangkan leher,
membungkuk ke depan, atau berguling di tempat tidur.

Manuver
02 Diagnostik
Gambar A; pasien duduk
dengan kepala diputar 45
derajat. B; pasien dengan
cepat diturunkan ke posisi
terlentang dengan leher
menjulur di bawah
permukaan meja
 MANAJEMEN
NON-BEDAH

• Observasi adalah sebuah pilihan

• Pasien harus diberi tahu tentang prognosis BPPV
• Reposisi manuver
 TELAAH
JURNAL
 Judul Jurnal : Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

 Penulis : Peng You, MD; Ryan Instrum, MD; Lorne

Parnes, MD, FRCSC

 Publikasi : 2018
 PENULISAN JURNAL

01 02 03
Gaya Penulisan Judul Abstrak
Sudah mencakup hal-hal yang harus ada Mudah dimengerti Cukup baik dan jelas
pada sistem penulisan jurnal.Tata bahasa spesifik, ringkas dan Jumlah kata pada abstrak terdiri kurang dari
yang digunakan sudah cukup baik. jelas. 250 kata  memenuhi kriteria penulisan
abstrak yang baik dan benar.

04 05 06
Pendahuluan Metode Penelitian : Hasil
Baik  sudah menyajikan Systematic Review Kesimpulan
latar belakang dan tujuan Sampel penelitian : Daftar pustaka:
serta manfaat dari Berbagai literatur
penulisan jurnal Vancouver Style dengan
59 sitasi
 KELEBIHAN DAN KEKURANGAN
JURNAL
• Tidak menjelaskan sumber dari literature
yang menjadi sampel pada penelitian
systematic review ini
01

02
 Judul menggambarkan isi jurnal
 Abstraknya mampu menggambarkan
secara singkat dan jelas mengenai isi dari
jurnal.
 Isi jurnal membahas secara lengkap sesuai
judul dan tujuan dari jurnal.
 KESIMPU
LAN
Valid, penting, dan dapat diterapkan.
 A PICTURE
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REINFORCE
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YOU COULD USE THREE COLUMNS, WHY NOT?
MERCUR
Y
Mercury is the closest
planet to the Sun

VENUS
Venus has a beautiful name,
but it’s terribly hot

MARS
Despite being red, Mars is
actually a cold place
 A PICTURE
IS WORTH A
THOUSAND
WORDS
 DON’T FORGET WHAT’S
IMPORTANT

MARS VENUS
Despite being red, Venus has a
Mars is quite cold beautiful name

JUPITER MERCURY
It’s a gas giant and Mercury is the
the biggest planet smallest planet
 THIS IS A GRAPH!

Mercury is the closest

planet to the Sun

Venus has a beautiful

name, but it’s hot

Despite being red, Mars

To modify this graph, click on it, follow the link, is actually a cold place
change the data and paste the new graph here
 A TIMELINE ALWAYS WORKS
WELL
Saturn is a gas giant and
has several rings
04

03
Neptune is the farthest
planet from the Sun
AWESOM
E WORDS
THIS IS ANOTHER
GRAPH

Mercury is the
innermost planet

Venus has a quite

beautiful name

Despite being red,

Mars is very cold
To modify this graph, click on it, follow the link,
change the data and paste the new graph here
 THIS IS A TABLE

MASS DIAMETER SURFACE

(EARTHS) (EARTHS) (EARTHS)
MERCUR
0.07 0.32 0.39
Y

MARS 0.12 0.56 0.39

SATURN 95.4 9.7 1.22

 THIS IS A MAP!

50%
Venus

30%
Saturn

20%
Jupiter
 11,102,006
Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun and the smallest of them all
 KEY NUMBERS

Mars is actually a cold

50,000 place full of iron oxide dust

Jupiter is a gas giant and

37,500 also the biggest planet

Saturn is composed mostly

25,000 of hydrogen and helium
 WHAT ABOUT THESE PERCENTAGES?

Venus has a Neptune is far Mercury is the

beautiful name away from Earth smallest planet

70 40 85
% % %

2018 2019 2020

REINFORCE THE CONCEPTS USING MIND MAPS!

Mars Venus

Jupiter Mercury
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Neptune is the farthest planet
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