Maslow’s Theory of Human

OM SAI RAM

Motivation
PROJECT OF

PRINCIPAL
OF
MANAGEMENT

PRESENTED By:
TEACHER: MR RAKESH MIDHA SUMIT SABLOK
SUBMITT DATE: 24:12:2010 BBA 1stSEM
1. What is motivation?
2. Why motivation?
3. Importance of motivation
4. Better motivation
5. How to be motivated?
 What is Motivation
An inferred process within
an animal or an individual
that causes that organism
to move towards a goal
 MOTIVATION-DEFINED
• Motivation is the set of reasons that determines one
to engage in a particular behavior. The term is
generally used for human motivation but, theoretically,
it can be used to describe the causes for animal
behavior as well. This article refers to human
motivation. According to various theories, motivation
may be rooted in the basic need to minimize physical
pain and maximize pleasure, or it may include specific
needs such as eating and resting, or a desired object,
hobby, goal, state of being, ideal, or it may be
attributed to less-apparent reasons such as altruism,
morality, or avoiding mortality.
 DEFINITIONS

Motivation can be defined as a process of

simulating people to act for the purpose of
achieving desired goals.
1. Motivation can be defined as a willingness
to expand energy, to achieve a goal or a
reward… By- Dala Breachus
2. Motivation is the term employed generally
for the phenomena involved in the operation
of incentives or drives… By- James Draver
3. Motivation refers to the way in which
urges, drives, desires, aspirations, needs
directs control or explain the behaviour of
human beings… By- D.E.
Motivational cycle
Need, Drive
Relief

Instrumental

Goal
If we fulfill our needs at one
level, then we can focus on
satisfying the need on the
next higher level
Self actualized characteristics
Perceive reality accurately
Tolerate uncertainty
Accept oneself without guilt or anxiety
Solve problems effectively
Possess a strong social awareness
Develop meaningful interpersonal
relationships
Relatively independent of environment
& culture
 Self Motivation

• Do it now
• Break up the task into small steps
• Don’t wait for mood or inspiration
• Start action
• Solutions will follow if you try
 Motivational strategies

 Find new skills

 Develop & train them
 Get feedback on their performance
 Expand their ability to work
 Rotate their work
 Motivational techniques
Leads them
Real examples are quicker than advice
Way to influencing people
Appeal to benefits
Can motivate
Mutual benefits to both of you
Appeal to emotions
People act quickly to emotions
Positive manner
Sustained by repeated inputs
Appeal to needs & wants
basic needs satisfaction
Creative expression, recognition & challenges & love
Appeal to expertise
Abilities enhance his self-worth
Put best effort to seek approval
 How to achieve success
 Responsibility –not blaming anything
 Hard work – ready to work in any time
 Character – values, beliefs & personality of you
 Right time- ready to do at right time
 Persistence- failing also a step to success
 Creativity – excellence of his effort
 Commitment – winning edge
 Learning - life long process
 Planning - exact
 MOTIVATIONAL CONCEPTS
1: Rewards can also be organized as extrinsic or intrinsic.
Extrinsic rewards are external to the person; for
example, praise or money. Intrinsic rewards are internal
to the person; for example, satisfaction or a feeling of
accomplishment.

2: A reinforcer is different from reward, in that

reinforcement is intended to create a measured
increase in the rate of a desirable behavior following
the addition of something to the environment.
3: Some authors distinguish between two forms of intrinsic
motivation: one based on enjoyment, the other on
obligation. In this context, obligation refers to motivation
based on what an individual thinks ought to be done. For
instance, a feeling of responsibility for a mission may lead
to helping others beyond what is easily observable,
rewarded, or fun.
 MASLOW’S
HIERARCHY’S NEEDS
1. Self actualization – need to grow and use abilities to the fullest;
highest need.

2. Esteem – need for respect, prestige, and recognition from

others as well as self esteem and personal sense of competence.

3. Social – need for love, affection, and belongingness in one’s

relationships with others.

4. Safety – need for security, protection, and stability in the

personal events of everyday life.

5. Physiological – most basic of human needs; need for food, water,

and sustenance.Using this theory, managers can use the
hierarchy to motivate people by satisfying the most important
needs..
Maslow’s
Hierarchy
of Needs
 Douglas McGregor Theory X & Y
Theory X Assumptions
• Dislike work –will avoid it
• Must be coerced, controlled, directed,
or threatened with punishment
• Prefer direction, avoid responsibility,
little ambition, want security
Theory Y Assumptions
• Do not dislike work
• Self direction and self control
• Seek responsibility
• Imagination, creativity widely
distributed
• Intellectual potential only
partially utilized
 Questionnaire

What’s important to you at work?

Contrasting Views of Satisfaction
and Dissatisfaction
Traditional view

Satisfaction Dissatisfaction

Herzberg's view
Motivators
Satisfaction No satisfaction

Hygiene Factors
No dissatisfaction Dissatisfaction
Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory

Dissatisfaction Not dissatisfied Positive

and but satisfaction
demotivation not motivated and motivation

Hygiene Factors Motivational Factors

•Company policies
•Achievement
•Quality of supervision
•Career advancement
•Relations with others
•Personal growth
•Personal life
•Job interest
•Rate of pay
•Recognition
•Job security
•Responsibility
•Working conditions
Begin with the end in mind

What are your talents?

What is your ultimate career goal?
What can you achieve in 3 years?
What are your personal goals?
 Thank you!
For giving your precious
time………