Unsur, S
m p u ra n
dan Ca
PA K e l as VII
I
ahma
Oleh : Aiva R
>
Unsur
Unsur adalah zat yang tidak dapat diuraikan menjadi zat yang lebih sederhana secara kimia
biasa.
Unsur terdiri atas satu jenis atom. Lambang unsur ditulis dengan dua cara, yaitu:
Menggunakan satu huruf terdepan dari nama ilmiah dan ditulis dengan huruf kapital.
Contohnya unsur Karbon (Carbonium) dilambangkan huruf C.
Menggunakan dua huruf dari nama ilmiah, huruf pertama ditulis dengan huruf kapital,
diikuti huruf kedua dengan huruf kecil. Contohnya unsur Natrium dilambangkan Na.
< >
Berdasarkan sistem periodiknya, unsur dikelompokkan menjadi tiga jenis, yaitu unsur logam, semilogam, dan
nonlogam.
● Unsur Logam
Unsur logam memiliki beberapa sifat khusus, yaitu berwujud padat, berwarna putih
mengkilap/keperakan/abu-abu/kuning, penghantar listrik yang baik, mempunyai titik didih atau titik leleh
yang tinggi, serta dapat dibentuk menjadi lempengan atau lembaran. Contoh unsur logam antara lain
aluminium (Al), barium (Ba), besi (Fe), emas (Au), kalium (K), kalsium (Ca), perak (Ag), kromium (Cr),
magnesium (Mg), mangan (Mn), natrium (Na), dan nikel (Ni).
● Unsur Semilogam
Unsur semilogam disebut juga dengan istilah metaloid karena dapat bersifat layaknya unsur logam maupun
nonlogam. Unsur semilogam berwujud padat, namun teksturnya lebih rapuh dibandingkan unsur logam serta
berwarna abu-abu mengkilap atau keperakan. Contohnya, boron (B), silikon (Si), germanium (Ge), arsen (As),
antimon (Sb), tellurium (Te), dan polonium (Po).
Unsur Nonlogam
Unsur nonlogam memiliki beberapa sifat khusus, yaitu berwujud padat, cair, dan gas pada suhu ruangan. Umumnya,
berwarna tidak mengkilap, bukan penghantar listrik dan panas yang baik, mempunyai titik didih atau titik leleh yang
rendah, serta tidak dapat dibentuk, direntangkan, atau ditarik. Contoh unsur nonlogam berbentuk padat di antaranya
belerang (S), fosforus (P), karbon (C), silikon (Si), dan iodin (I). Sementara itu, unsur nonlogam berbentuk gas antara
lain fluorin (F), helium (He), hidrogen (H), klorin (Cl), nitrogen (N), oksigen (O), dan neon (Ne). Bromin (Br)
merupakan unsur nonlogam berbentuk cair.
Hi! My name is
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Mercury is the closest Venus has a beautiful Mars is a cold place,
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Jupiter is the biggest Saturn is the ringed Neptune is the
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Neptune is the farthest Mars is a cold place, not
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My Best Grades
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Talk to Mr. Tim Buy materials
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Play with Jack Enjoy school
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