Living processes in unicellular

organisms
• Eg. Of living processes:

Feed , respire, excrete, move,

respond to stimuli, reproduce
and grow.
 Unicellular organisms?
• Simple organisms – consisting of
only one cell.

• Each cell is a complete unit of

life.

• Able to carry out all living

processes in order to survive.
 Examples of unicellular
microorganisms.
• Amoeba sp .
• Paramecium sp.

• They’re called protozoa.

 Amoeba sp.
General features Pseudopodium
(False feet)

Nucleus

Contractile
vacuole

Food
vacuole
 Contractile vacuole
• Water continually enters the Amoeba
sp. By osmosis. This is collected by
contractile vacoule which swells up.
When full, its expels the water from
the cell- OSMOREGULATION.

• It enables Amoeba sp. To survive in

its habitat.
 Membrane
• Respiration - gaseous exchange by
simple diffusion.
• Being so small, the oxygen that they
need diffuse into the cell through the
membrane.
• Similarly, carbon dioxide and any
dissolved waste diffuses out of the cell
into the water.
 Cytoplasm
• Clear on the outside(Ectoplasm)

• Grainy on the inside (Endoplasm)

 Movement
• An extension of cytoplasm - called
pseudopodium (false foot).
• The rest of cytoplasm slowly flows into
extension, hence moving the organisms
along.
• Pseudopodia can be extended out into
any direction.
 Reproduction of Amoeba sp.

Fully
Fully grown
grown Amoeba
Amoeba sp.
sp
(parent)

Two
Twodaughter cell
daughter
cell
 Reproduction
• Grown to a certain size
• Its nucleus divides to form two
daughter nuclei
• The cytoplasm then divides and two
daughter Amoeba sp. are formed
• This is called Binary fission
• During drought – can divide by spore
formation
Feeding of Amoeba sp.
 Feeding of Amoeba sp.
• By process of PHAGOSITOSIS.
• It simply moves round a food particle
and take into cytoplasm.
• Then it form food vacuole.
• Enzyme digest the food
• Nutrient diffuse through cytoplasm
• Any waste left behind as it moves
away
Cell specialisation in multicellular
organisms