Stake out building line

Module Title
Preparing Building Lines
Nominal Duration : 4 hrs

LEANING OUTCOMES:

UPON THE COMPLETION OF THIS MODULE , THE

PARTICIPANTS WILL BE ABLE TO:
1. Prepare Materials for Stake – out building lines

2. Set Batter boards

3. Fix Stake – out building lines

 SESSION-1
PREPARE MATERIALS FOR STAKE –OUT BUILDING LINES

OBJECTIVE:
At the end of the session , the participants will be able to
erect batter board based on plans and properly level.

Time : 4 hours

Tools and Equipment :

Hose level , Spirit level, Saw , Sledge hammer,
Claw hammer, Steel tape , Plot plan, Framing square

Materials Supplies :
2”x 2” x 12’ lumber, ¼ kg. 2 ½ CW nails ,
2 kgs . 4” CW nails
 STEPS
1. Carefully study the plot plan
2. Measure approximate position of the structure based on and
established reference Point or property line.

NOTE : Mark property lines with string line after locating

surveyor’s pins.

3. Prepare needs stakes, braces, ledger boards

by cutting to size.
4. Establish reference point or reference line.
5. Mark approximate location of the structure
with making stake and string lines.
6. Begin staking for batter boards.
7. Establish the elevation or reference level of the batter boards.
8. Fasten batter boards to stakes.
9. Secure stakes from movements by bracing.
10. Have your work checked before doing the next task.
 CONTENTS:
 
1. Site Plan – building orientation, north arrow , development plan.
 
2. Architectural- floor plan , elevations perspective, sections, schedule of doors
and window
 
3. Structural - foundation plan , footing details and sections, column and
beam details ,
trusses or roof details.
 
4. Electrical – electrical plan , riser or schematic diagram, schedule of loads,
computations, Symbols and notes.
 
5. Plumbing – plumbing plan , isometric lay – out septic tank detail, symbols
and notes
Information Found on Types of Drawing
in a Set of plans

A . Plot plan
 
1. Location, dimensions, and elevation
of structure on site
 
2. Finished and existing grade contours
Tree

3. Property lines and dimensions

 
4. Location of utilities
 
5. Location of exiting conditions

Examples : Trees, utility building ,

other structures
 
6. Location and dimensions of driveways
and walks
 B. Foundation plan

 
1. Location and dimensions of footing,
grade beams, foundation walls, stem
wall, piers, equipment footing s,
foundation

2. Location of anchor ( in detail view)

 C. Floor plan
1. Outside walls, including location and
dimensions of all exterior opening
2. Types of construction materials
3. Location of interior walls and partitions
4. Location and swing of doors
5. Stairways
6. Location of cabinets, electrical and
mechanical equipment, fixtures
7.Location of cutting plane line
 
 D. Elevation
1. Grade lines

2. Floor height

3. Window and door types

4. Roof lines and Slope, roofing material,

vents, gravel stops, projection of eaves

5. Exteriors finish materials and trim

6. Exterior dimensions
SESSION 2 -Set batter boards
OBJECTIVES:
 
At the end of this session the participants shall
have to acquire the basic knowledge on:

1. Erecting batter boards

2. Locating building lines
3. Locating Foundation lines
 
Time : 4 hours
 Tools and Equipment
Tools and Equipment :
Hose level , Spirit level, Saw , Sledge hammer,
Claw hammer, Steel tape , Plot plan, Framing square

Materials Supplies :
2”x 2” x 12’ lumber, ¼ kg. 2 ½ CW nails ,
2 kgs . 4” CW nails

 Standard : Batter boards must be erected based on plans and

secured with tolerances for dimensions at ± 5mm, and
levelness of ± 3 mm
 B. Foundation plan
1. Carefully study the plot plan.
2. Measure approximate position of the structure
based on an established reference point or
property line.
Note : Mark property lines with string line after locating
surveyor’s pins.
3. Prepare needed stakes, braces, ledger boards
by cutting to size.
4. Establish reference point or reference line.
5. Mark approximate location of structure with
making stake and string lines
6. Begin Staking for boards

7. Establish the elevation or reference level of the

batter boards.

8. Fasten batter boards to stakes.

9. Secure Stakes from movements by bracing.

10. Have your work checked before doing the next

task.
 
 SET BATTER BOARDS AT SAME ELEVATION

I. Set batter boards at one

corner as at right

2. Fill with water until water

level is at top of batter
board

3. Mark water level at

opposite end and set
board mark.
 Lay out building first

1. Put up batter boards at corners

2. Outside edges of building
3. Carpenter’s square may be
used in laying out approximate
corners
4. Make length of wall to fit
concrete masonry until I block
and I Vertical Joint equal
5.When length a equal is length
B the corners are square when
Opposite sides are equal.
 
A. Batter board – Temporary framework on which to stretch a line
to assist in locating corners and building lines when laying out
a building.

B. Building permit – Agreement between builder and city that

specifies the types ,Quality, and extent of construction on
structure to be erected .

C . Easement – A vested or acquired right to use land , other

than as a tenant , for a Specific purpose ; such right being
held by someone other than the owner who Holds the title
to the land.
SESSION 3 -Fix stake – out building
 Lay-out is sometimes called: Staking Out” which
means the process of relocating the point of
boundaries and property line of the site where the
building is to be constructed . it include clearing ,
staking, batter boards and establishing the exact
location of the building foundation and wall line on
the ground . for short others define layout as the
process of transferring the building plan
measurements to the ground of site.
A. Batter board – Temporary framework on which to
stretch a line to assist in locating corners and building
lines when laying out a building.

B. Building permit – Agreement between builder and city

that specifies the types ,Quality, and extent of
construction on structure to be erected.

C. Easement – A vested or acquired right to use land ,

other than as a tenant, for a Specific purpose ; such
right being held by someone other than the owner
who Holds the title to the land.
D. Excavating – Removing soil for
footing or establishing a
uniform grade

E. Kerfs – Slight indentation

made with a saw ; used to
hold line in place

F. Ledger board – Top Horizontal

board on batter –board
framework

G. Plot plan - Drawing used to

show location and size of
structure ( S ), driveways, Side
walk, patios, property lines,
utilities, and existing
conditions.
H. Plumb bob - Tool or device attached to a string; used to set
or check plumb or Perpendicular of a surface.

I. Plumb down- to plumb from a given point down to point

below.

J. Property lines- Boundaries of a lot or plot of ground

K. Setback line - Line established by law, fixing exterior face of

structure a minimum Distance from right –of way or
property line.

L. Surveying–Art or science or determining the area and

configuration of portions of The earth’s surface.
 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS PERTAINING TO
GRADES
AND LEVELING INSTRUMENTS
A. Benchmark (BM)- Permanent point of know or assumed
elevation
(NOTE: A specific point on a curb, culvert, or other Permanent
object is Sometimes used.)

B. Elevation- Given grade

C . Grade line- Proposed or future level of the ground around

structure.
 
D. Grade stake - Stake driven into ground, usually with top
establishing finished Level of the ground or concrete at that
point.
(NOTE: Grade for the stake is read from the benchmark.)
 
A. Local regulations and covenants (zoning and restrictions)

Examples: Setback line; proximity to side property elevation ,

size, Shape , and proximity to surrounding building and areas.
 
B. Location of utilities

Examples : Electricity Sewers, gas, phone

 
C. Presence of existing trees and shrubs
D. Contour or shape of site

Examples : Flat , rolling , sloping

 
E. Characteristics of soil
 
F. Orientation of site

Examples : Relationship to other sites ; north,

east, south , and west boundaries; Wind direction; solar-
utilization possibilities
INFORMATION USED TO LAY OUT BUILDING
A. Dimensions of property LINES
 
B. Setback from curb

C. Setback from sidewalk

 
D. Setback from Property lines
 
E. Distance from side boundaries
 
F. Distance from rear property line

G. Location and dimensions of easement (s)

 
H. Dimensions ( length and width )
of building
 
I. Orientation of building on lot
(square or diagonal)
 
J. Location of benchmark and grade
 
 Purpose of batter boards

To provide a place for stretching a line a lines used to establish building lines for
excavation and construction.
(NOTE: Steel stakes are sometimes used in place of batter boards.) Common methods
used to
square building lines

A. 3-4-5 rule – Forming a right triangle using largest multiple of 3-4-5 possible for Length of
lines being squared, and ensuring that longest side of triangle is exact Appropriate
multiple of 5
( NOTE: Any multiple of 3-4-5 may be used (i.e., 6-8-10, 12-16-20, 24-32-40depending on
the size being checked.)

B . Diagonal method - measuring diagonally from inside corners of layout and Ensuring
that diagonal lines are equal in length.