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PENGANTAR PEMBANGUNAN INSAN

BAB 1 : KONSEP INSAN

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INSAN DAN MANUSIA

Manusia dan Unsur Kejadiannya y Menurut al-Quran, manusia diciptakan oleh Allah SWT hasil dari kombinasi dua unsur utama, iaitu :

Jasmani

Rohani

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1- Unsur Jasmani
y Kejadian manusia dalam bentuk jasmani bermula dengan

kejadian Adam AS.

y Al-Quran telah menyebut beberapa istilah mengenai proses

penciptaannya, iaitu ,dari:

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Air

Al ma i Al-turab Al-tin Al-tin al lazib Hamain masnun

Tanah Pati tanah Tanah liat Tanah yg panas & berbau

Tanah keras(tembikar)

Salsal kalfakkhar

Tanah Bumi Menjadikan bentuk rupa

Al-ard Faiza sawwaituhu

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Unsur Jasmani i (Surah al-Furqan, 25:54) 1- Dari air/ min al-maa

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Terjemahan: Dan Dia yang menciptakan manusia dari air, lalu Dia jadikan manusia itu (mempunyai) keturunan dan musaharah dan Tuhanmu adalah Mahakuasa.

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2- Dari tanah/ min al-turab (Surah al-Anbiya, 21:30) 3- Dari pati tanah/ min al-tin (Surah al-Mukminun, 23:12)

Terjemahan: Dan sesungguhnya Kami telah menciptakan manusia dari suatu saripati (yang berasal) daripada tanah.

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4- Dari tanah liat dan sebati/min al-tin al-lazib (Surah al-Saffat, 37:11)

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Terjemahan:

...}

Sesungguhnya kami telah menciptakan mereka dari tanah liat.

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5- Dari tanah yang panas dan berbau/ min hamain masnun (Surah al-Hijr:28)

Terjemahan: Dan (ingatlah), ketika Tuhanmu berfirman kepada para malaikat, Sungguh, Aku akan menciptakan seorang manusia dari tanah liat kering dari lumpur hitam yang diberi bentuk.

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6- Dari tanah yang keras seperti tembikar / salsal kalfakhkhar (Surah ar-Rahman: 14)

min

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Terjemahan: Dia menciptakan manusia dari tanah keras seperti tembikar.

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7- Dari tanah bumi/ min al-ard (Surah al-Najm, 53:32)

{...

...}

Terjemahan: Dia lebih mengetahui akan keadaan semenjak Dia menciptakan kamu (berasal) dari tanah, dan semasa kamu berupa anak yang sedang melalui pelbagai peringkat kejadian dalam perut ibu kamu..

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8- Peringkat terakhir penciptaan jasad Adam AS ialah Allah SWT menjadikan bentuk rupanya / faiza sawwaituhu (Surah al-Hijr, 15:29)

Terjemahan: Maka apabila Aku telah menyempurnakan kejadiannya, dan Aku telah meniupkan roh ciptaan-Ku ke dalamnya, maka hendaklah kamu sujud kepadanya.

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y Al- Quran juga menjelaskan beberapa istilah mengenai

kejadian keturunan Adam (Bani Adam). 1- Kejadian janin dalam perut ibu (Surah an-Najm,53:32) 2- Zuriat keturunan Adam berasal dari air yang hina (Surah as-Sajdah, 32:9, Surah al-mukminun, 23:9) 3- Diciptakan di dalam perut ibu secara berperingkatperingkat. (Surah Az-Zumar:6) 4- Diciptakan dari nutfah (Surah al-Insan, 76:2) 5- Diciptakan dari nutfah, alaqah, mudghah, idzham, lahm, satu ciptaan lain (dalam bentuk manusia) dan Allah menyempurnakan penciptaan rupa bentuk manusia. (Surah al- Mukminun, 23:12-14)

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y Unsur kejadian manusia sama ada secara langsung (Adam AS)

atau tidak langsung (Bani Adam) adalah dari tanah di bumi. y Ilmu sains membuktikan bahawa terdapat dalam diri manusia unsur-unsur yang ada pada bumi.

Terjemahan: Dari bumilah Kami ciptakan kamu, dan ke dalamnya Kami akan mengembalikan kamu, dan daripadanya pula Kami akan mengeluarkan kamu sekali lagi. (Surah Taha, 20:55)

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y Proses penciptaan Adam AS merupakan sesuatu yang perlu

diimani dalam konteks perkara-perkara samiyyat iaitu perkara yang berhubungkait dengan persoalan metafizik yang di luar jangkaan akal dan kemampuan fizikal manusia yang terhad. y Hakikat penciptaan Adam sebagai bapa manusia atau manusia yang pertama telah disebut dalam kitab samawi terdahulu, seperti kitab Taurat, Zabur dan Injil. y Oleh kerana asal kejadian jasmani manusia dari tanah, maka segala keperluan dan tuntutan hidupnya bersifat jasmani adalah juga dari tanah. Tuntutan dan keperluan tersebut merangkumi tiga perkara pokok: makanan dan minuman, pakaian dan perhiasan, kediaman atau tempat berlindung.

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2- Unsur Rohani
y Kejadian dan penciptaan manusia disempurnakan lagi oleh

Allah SWT dengan unsur rohani. y Firman Allah SWT:

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Terjemahan: Maka apabila Aku telah menyempurnakan kejadiannya, dan Aku telah meniupkan roh ciptaan-Ku ke dalamnya, maka hendaklah kamu sujud kepadanya. (Surah al-Hijr, 15:29)

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y Ayat tersebut menjelaskan Allah telah meniupkan roh ciptaanNya

pada jasad Adam atau jasmani zuriat keturunannya setelah dijadikan bentuk rupa sebagai manusia y Namun Allah tidak menceritakan bagaimana roh itu ditiupkan. Cara atau kaedahnya menjadi rahsia dan hak keistimewaan Allah, Tuhan yang Maha Pencipta. y Dari nas-nas yang dibentangkan oleh Allah SWT di dalam alQuran, telah terbukti dengan jelas bahawa manusia diciptakan hasil kombinasi dua unsur utama, iaitu jasmani dan rohani.