Project Architectural Design Studio II Spring 2006 Tutor: Prof. Dr.

Anis Siddiqi


Pick one of the following Master Architect as your Topic for research
1. 2. 3. 4.
5.

Frank Lloyd Wright Mies van der Rohe Le Corbusier Walter Gropius

 

Any other famous contemporary Architect of your choice Read the attached presentation carefully Search material on the selected architect using resources in the libraries (College, NCA, UET, Punjab Public, Quid-e-Azam etc.) as well as books from book sellers and on the Internet. Identify the ideas and theories by the selected architect on the issue of Concept of Space in Architecture . Prepare a comprehensive presentation on your findings based upon:  Architectural philosophy/thoughts of the selected architects  Examples from his work  Your own comments/judgment  Provide examples from contemporary local/regional architecture to support your presentation

Concept of Space in Architecture

Dr. Anis A. Siddiqi
Department of Architecture College of Art and Design University of the Punjab Lahore - Pakistan

Motivation for presentation



Recently initiated a debate on design assessment and quality assurance Presentation motivated by need to broaden discourse to design issues Also by the observation of limited focus on space and the sequential experience of space in projects Designed to motivate a debate rather stake a position

Layout of Presentation
    

Architecture ? Space ? Conception of Space in History Architecture and space Architecture and Space- a view

A Studious Question

What is Architecture?

What is Architecture?
                                                              

Architecture
Organization

Form Space

SPACE
Use and perception

Architecture is principally concerned with place setting, activities and perception Everything architecture is tied to the differentiation of space and its arrangement as a setting for activities and experience

Another Question

What is space?

Concepts of Space


ARISTOTLE


Aristotle Newton Leibniz Kant Einstein

Space is synonymous with place Space is the sum total of places occupied by bodies Everything is somewhere

Concepts of Space


NEWTON
 

Aristotle Newton Leibniz Kant Einstein

Space and time as real things Space and time as containers of infinite extension or duration Succession of natural events find a place within them Distinguishes between absolute space, not perceived by our senses an relative space as the coordinate system

Concepts of Space


LEIBNIX
 

Aristotle Newton Leibniz Kant Einstein

Rejected the concept of absolute space Viewed space as nothing but a system of relationship between things existing at the same time Space does not have an existence of its own

Concepts of Space

Aristotle Newton Leibniz Kant Einstein

KANT


Space is neither absolute nor a product of the relationship between objects Space belongs to the world of thought It is something that can be spoken of only from a human perspective and subjective experience Do animals perceive space?

 

Concepts of Space

Aristotle Newton Leibniz Kant Einstein

EINSTEIN


Rejected the concept of absolute spacetime Introduced the theory of relativity Embodied in the theory of relativity is the field theory of space based on the concept of four-dimensional space-time continuum Big bang to the black hole (Hawkins)

 

Architecture and Space

What is the relevance of the theories of space to Architecture

Architecture and Space



All are of direct relevance and application in architectural design Architecture is the simultaneous visualization of the three ideas of space
  

Architecture as place Architecture as 3-D coordinated spaces Architecture as 4-D space-time continuum

Subjective experience influences the way we interact with architectural spaces

Architecture and Space



Architects, of course, also have their own fundamental issues or questions about space particularly in relation to their design activity of creating space Bernard Tschumi, an intellectual architect of our era has summarized some of these questions

Architecture and SpaceA view



To stimulate debate on the role of space in architecture, I will put forward some perspectives on space and how it has been/should be handled The perspective is illustrated with examples of how architects have addressed the nature of space in terms of place, 3-D coordinated spaces and 4-D space-Time continuum

Architecture and Space



Architectural design is ultimately the organization of space and activities through the introduction of boundaries Space is the engine that creates the social setting that makes architecture memorable Boundaries define interior and exterior, and within interiors, relationship and sequence of activities Any particular setting for activities denotes a place in the building

Architecture and Space



Activity boundaries differ in their level of enclosure based on the need for isolation 3-D coordination of spaces mean that you have interaction between various places Level of interaction differs based on activities

Architecture and Space



Movement is the key for the experience of a facility Movement allows for sequential experience of 3-D coordinated spaces and for memorable experience of buildings The quality of design is not determined by how much you deconstruct your form but by your consideration of space as a setting for activities and memorable experience

Architecture and Space



Design for movement is a key factor in the sensory experience of buildings Successful design can only be achieved if we balance our consideration of form with emphasis on space and the experience of buildings You can not be a good architect with considering space and the experience of space in design

Architecture and Space

Different ways to locate buildings in space and celebrate it from the outside

Architecture and Space

Unique Design of place setting can lead to a strong experience and feeling - Ronchamp Chapel

Architecture and Space

Architecture and Space

3-D coordination of Space means that spaces are not discrete but flow into each other

Architecture and Space



Designing for sequential movement allows the 4-D experience of space There is no single rule in designing for sequential experience Read Tschumi Spaces and events for more on this

Architecture and Space

 

The Barcelona pavilion A very simple building but with a poetic rendering of space It is the poetry of space that makes a very simple building unique

Architecture and Space

Architecture and Space

Architecture and Space

Architecture and space



Entering into the spirit of this interior, you will discover the best possible atmosphere in which to show fine paintings or listen to music. It is this atmosphere that seems to me most lacking in our art galleries, museums, music halls and theaters Wright- The architectural Forum, 1948

Architecture and Space

Architecture and Space

Architecture and Space

Architecture and space

Architecture and Space

Architecture and Space

Architecture and Space

Architecture and Space

Architecture and space

A city within another
Visitors passing through the hall to the exhibition areas come immediately to the atrium, the real heart of the Museum and one of the most idiosyncratic features of Gehry's design, which has a sort of metal flower skylight at the top that allows a stream of light to illuminate the warm, inviting space. From the Atrium, the visitor is given the opportunity to access a terrace covered by a canopy supported by a single stone pillar. The canopy serves a function (better appreciated perhaps from the other bank of the river, which offers observers an excellent view of the entire rear faade of the Museum) that is both protective and aesthetic at one and the same time. The broad flight of stairs that goes up to the sculptural tower, conceived as a device to absorb and integrate the Puente de La Salve into the overall architectural scheme of the building, is also a public access way that connects pedestrians with the rest of the city. Exhibition galleries are organized on three levels around the central atrium and are connected by a system of curving walkways suspended from the roof, glass elevators and stair turrets. All in all, a spectacular vision that one critic has described as a metaphorical city, where the panels of glass that cover the elevator-well evoke the scales of a fish that leaps and spins, the walkways that climb the interior walls are like vertical motorways, and the plaster curves crowning the atrium suggest the molded ribbing of a drawing by Willem de Kooning. In short, a glimpse of artifice in architectural design taken to its uttermost limits.