Data Resource Management

Concept Database Management System Technical foundation of database management Data warehouse and data mining

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Data is Assets of a Business

Like money, materials, equipments, people, etc. Data is also an asset. Data are used in operation and control of the enterprise Data are used in decision making Data are vital to success of enterprises Data need to be managed as other assets of an enterprise
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Data can be in different forms

It may be in Text i.e. reports Pictures i.e. graphs, slides etc. Video Sound or voice

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Data is kept in different places

It may be in file cabinets, Video tape, memory stick, or even in people head Etc

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Data must be shared

Some data are use by only one department. Some are shared by many departments

Accounting Engineering

Inventory Production

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Data must be centrally controlled

If each department keeps its own data, then data will be duplicated Which usually leads to inconsistency. the main reason data are useless i.e. how much is our sales this month? We usually get different answer from Accounting Dept. and Inventory Control Dept.
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Database Management System

DBMS is a software that help keeping and managing data easier. DBMS can be centralized or it can be distributed (but act like a single centralized database, -- even though it duplicates physically, it consistent logically)

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Database Management System

Access to data are protected by security system. Data are kept under controlled environment

Users/Programmers can access data thru A language called: Structured Query Language or SQL
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Database Management System

Production Control System Inventory System Accounting System

Users

Database Management System

Database

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Database is Essential for MIS

For management to have integrated and consistent data for decision making, centrally controlled database is essential Usually it is a milestone in IT growth in an enterprise And to have a centrally controlled database we need DBMS software
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Technical foundation of DBMS

BUT DBMS software is no magic. We just cannot expect a central database to happen when we purchase and install a DBMS software. We can use a DBMS just like an electronic cabinet. Access and retrieve faster but no consistency and good control

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Database must be designed

Data must be kept along with its relationship to each others Its the relationship that gives meaning to the data So, database must capture not only data but also relationships

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Database Structures

There are 3 models of database structure Dept. Data Element. Hierachical

Project A. Data Elm. Project B. data elm.

Employee Data Elm.

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Network database model

Dept. A Dept. B

Employee 1

Employee 2

Employee 3

Project A

Project B

One child belong to two parents

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Relational database model

Deptno Dname Dloc DeptA DeptB DeptC Dmgr Empno Ename Esalary Deptno Emp1 Emp2 Emp3 DeptA DeptA DeptB

Hierarchy model and Network model can be decomposed into Relational Model. Although Relational model take more computing resources, it is easier to design, maintain, and used by user. It is the most popular model use today
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Accessing Relational DBMS

Can be done by language called: Structured Query Language (SQL) Example: Select Empno, Empname, Esalary from Employee where Deptno = DeptA

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Data Modeling
Supplies Order Item Ordered On Stocked at Contains Purchase Order Product Supplier

Product Stock

Holds Warehouse

Design of database usually use Entity-Relationship (ER) Diagram as a tool

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E-R Diagram for Airline ticketing/scheduling

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Transaction processing & DSS

There are 2 types of databases

Transaction processing Decision support

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On-line Transaction Processing (OLTP)

OLTP is a system that capture day-to-day transactions into enterprise database It is designed to

speed routine operations or services ease of use enforce operation control handle as much transactions as possible with good response time scalable

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Decision Support System

Need to analyze long period of history data (i.e. 5-10 years) Need to present data in multidimensional cube Can analyze and present data on-lin. On-line Analytical Processing (OLAP) Need Data warehouse to do this

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Multidimensional database

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OLAP

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Data warehouse
Capture, clean, Transform, Load/apply

Data warehouse usually Have different design Strategy from Operational Databases

DBMS For Data warehousing Operational Databases Analyze

Data warehouse, Data mart

Data Mining Web Information system

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Business Knowledge

Data Mining

Is a software that can discover correlations, patterns, and trends in huge historical data It use advance pattern recognition algorithms, mathematical and statistical techniques to extract the correlation, patterns and trends from vast data stores i.e. Scuba gear buyers are good candidates for Phuket vacations when the price of stock X goes up by 10%, the price of stock Y goes down by 15% a week later. Over 70% of undecided voters have incomes over 500,000 B/Y, age between 40-50, and live in XYZ area.

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