A 20-year study of MBA graduates from Stanford University concluded that no skill is more important to business success than good communication especially the desire and ability to persuade (Harrel & Harrel, 1984)
The Business Presentation/UB/SIMSR 2
Drucker on Communication
And the further away your job is from manual work, the larger the organization of which you are an employee, the more important it will be that you know how to convey your thoughts in writing or speaking. In the very large organisation . This ability to express oneself is perhaps the most important of all the skills a person can possess.
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Receiving
Sending
Speaking 30 %
Listening 45 %
Reading 16 %
Amo u
nt
tau
ght
30%
What is communication?
Latin verb Communicare -to make common Sanskrit - `sadharinikaran It is NOT to recite, deliver, speak, write or sermonize All these fall short of `making common the flow of ideas and feeling Mere speaking/writing is a one-way activity communication involves common(communal) interests shared by all parties involved in the communication
The sender encodes the message and selects a channel. The receiver decodes the message and uses feedback to respond.
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Communication Process
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Communication in Organizations
Flow of communication
Downward Upward Lateral or horizontal Diagonal or cross-wise
2004
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Communication Networks
1.Chain network 2.Y-network 3.Wheel network 4.Circle network 5.All-channel network
2004
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Chain network
Only vertical upward or downward
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Y-network
Multi-level hierarchy combination of horizontal and vertical flow
2004
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Wheel network
Several subordinates reporting to a superior combination of horizontal and diagonal flow
2004
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Circle Network
Allows employees to interact with adjacent members but no further vertical communication between superiors and subordinates and horizontal communication at the lowest level
2004
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All-channel network
Least structures enables each employee to communicate freely with others
2004
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Grapevine
Informal network models
Single strand Gossip Probability cluster
2004
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Single Strand
Y
Most people view grapevine as single strand Message is passed from one person to another along a single strand
2004
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Gossip
One person passes information to all the others
F E D C B A I J G H
2004
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Probability
K G E C
J H
B A
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D I
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Cluster
E C
B F H
Most popular pattern of grapevine communication Some people tell a selected few of the others
2004
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Negatives
Reveal some degree of error Harmful in case it is baseless or imaginary Lead to misunderstanding because fo incomplete information as no one takes Not reliable, responsibility for it Cause damage to organisation due to excessive speed of flow
G ra p e vi e + ve s a n d -ve s n
1.Completeness 2.Conciseness 3.Consideration 4.Concreteness 5.Clarity 6.Courtesy 7.Correctness
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Communication
Communication is the process of sending and receiving information among people
Feedback
receiver
sender
SENDER
RECEIVER
Sender
Receiver
Distor tion
Listener
Perceptions Preconceived notions/expectations Physical hearing problem Speed of thought Personal interests Emotions Attention span No active listening!
Barriers to Communication
1.Physical/Mechanical 2.Cultural 3.Experiential 4.Perceptual 5.Motivational 6.Emotional 7.Organisational 8.Nonverbal 9.Linguistic 10.Competition from other stimuli
Sufficient Bandwidth
What quantity and quality of comm can various channels carry within the organisation?
Sensing Systems
Formal employee surveys or supervisors keeping open lines of communication
Media Richness
Including notes, memos and letters Including conversations, meetings, presentations, videoconferences
LEANER LEANER
Face-toFace-toface face
RICHER RICHER
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