Integrated Service Digital network

ISDN

An Introduction
ISDN is a set of standards which define an end to end Digital Network WAN Technology

What is it ??? ...

Digital communication technology Connect directly - both Internet & other Sites / Users Small Business / Individuals Standard Interface
Voice , Graphs , Video Graphics , and Data

Single telephone line

Integrat Integrat Ability to deliver two simultaneous connection in any Mayed attach Multiple Connections in the line as require Services Services

Digital

Purely Digital Transmission

nection-Leased line Network om Local Telephone Exchange to Remote User includi

Uses Digital Signal Uses Existing telephone wiring Charges are generally based on the duration of call ( How long the WAN link was used ) Alternate to using leased lines Faster Call setup than Modems

Features

Features
Can transport many types of Network traffic ( Voice , Data , Video , Text , Graphics etc ) Faster Data transfer rate than modems

Components
ISDN CHANNELS ACCESS TYPES DEVICES INTERFACES PROTOCOLS

ISDN Channels
Basic Units

B Channels D Channels H Channels

Bearer Channels
64-Kbps unit of clear digital bandwidth Carry any type of digital information (voice, data, or video) with no restrictions on format or protocol imposed by the ISDN carrier

Delta / Demand Channels

Signalling between the customer's terminal device and the carrier's end switching office

Carries the information needed to connect or disconnect calls and to negotiate special calling parameters

Delta / Demand Channels

i.e., automatic number ID, call waiting, data protocol carry packet-switched data using the X.25 protocol

Data Rate - D Channels

Type of access Basic Rate Access D channel operates at 16 Kbps Primary Rate Access D channel operates at 64 Kbps

High Capacity Channels

Special, high-speed clear channel Designed primarily for fullmotion color video, are not yet in common use

Types H Channels

1.H0 ("H-zero") 384 Kbps 4th of a North American Primary Rate Access or one fifth of a European Primary Rate Access

Types H Channels

2.H11 ("H-one-one") -1.536 Mbps-North American Primary Rate Access 3.H12 ("H-one-two") -European Primary Rate Access

ISDN Devices
Terminal Equipment (TE) Terminal Adapter (TA)

Network Termination 1 (NT1) Network Termination 2 (NT2) Exchange Termination (ET)

ISDN Interfaces

Four distinct interfaces in the customer's connection to the network R, S, T, and U Not "real" physical interfaces, but simply STANDARD REFERENCE POINTS

ISDN Protocols

Protocols that govern the exchange of data on the D channel.

The two ISDN signalling protocols make up a layered protocol stack, with the Link Access

ISDN Protocols
LAPD ( Q . 921 )

Operates between TE and NT

ISDN Protocols
LAPD frame

ss and/Response Bit rol rmation (only in frames carrying higher-layer e Check Sequence

ISDN Protocols
Q . 931

The ISDN D - Channel Signalling Protocol

THANK YOU