TRAINING METHODS

Training Methods
A training method is the process, technique or approach which a trainer uses in teaching. The method by which training is delivered often varies based on the needs of the company, the trainee, and on the task being performed. The method chosen will motivate employees to learn, help them retain and transfer what they have learned and enhance performance with other skills and knowledge.

Some Common Training Methods

On-the-job Training Off-the-job Training

On-the-Job Training
On-the-job training (OJT) means having person learn a job by actually doing it. It is one of the best training methods because it is planned, organized, and conducted at the employee's worksite.

Types of On-the-job training

Coaching or understudy method acquiring skills by observing the supervisor. Job rotation trainee moves from job to job at planned intervals. Job enlargement-it involves expanding the number of tasks or duties to a given job. Enlarge jobs by adding tasks of similar nature and skill. Job enrichment-it is vertical change in loading,i.e. supervisory tasks are added involving- planning, organizing and controlling of jobs.

Job instruction training(JIT):It consists of four basic step: Preparing the trainees by telling them about the job and overcoming their uncertainties. Presenting the instruction, giving essential information in a clear manner. Having trainees try out the job to demonstrate their understanding. Placing the workers into the job, on their own Syndicate method: Working in a small group to achieve a particular purpose is described as syndicate method

Off-the-job training methods

1. Role Play Training Method: Role play is a simulation in which each participant is given a role to play. Trainees are given with some information related to description of the role, concerns, objectives, responsibilities, emotions, etc. Then, a general description of the situation, and the problem that each one of them faces, is given. For instance, situation could be strike in factory, managing conflict, two parties in conflict, scheduling vacation days, etc. Once the participants read their role descriptions, they act out their roles by interacting with one another.

2. Case Study Training Method:Case Studies try to simulate decision making situation that trainees may find at their work place. It reflects the situations and complex problems faced by managers, staff, HR, CEO, etc. The objective of the case study method is to get trainees to apply known concepts and ideologies and ascertain new ones. The case study method emphasize on approach to see a particular problem rather than a solution. 3. Vestibule training A form of training in which new employees learn the job in a setting that approximates as closely as is practicable to the actual working environment. An example is the training of airline pilots in a simulated cockpit. This type of training is generally used when the use of actual equipment by untrained employees would be too risky or when the actual work setting would be unconducive to learning (e.g. because of noise levels).

4. Business game: it is a technique in which participants consider a

sequence of problems and take decision. 5. Simulated management games:SMG provides the vital link between theory and practice in unique manner. 6. In- basket exercise: It provides trainees with a log of written text or information and requests, such as memos, messages, and reports, which would be handled by manger, engineer, reporting officer, or administrator. 7. Action learning: It establish the relationship between learning and doing

8. Sensitivity training 9. Transactional analysis 10.Fish-bowl exercise 11. Johari window 12. Counseling 13. Empowering 14. Interviewing 15. Self-development 16. Out-bound learning