The meaning of the word hazard can be confusing.

Often dictionaries do not give specific definitions or combine it with the term "risk". For example, one dictionary defines hazard as "a danger or risk" which helps explain why many people use the terms interchangeably. There are many definitions for hazard but the more common definition when talking about workplace health and safety is: A hazard is any source of potential damage, harm or adverse health effects on something or someone under certain conditions at work. Basically, a hazard can cause harm or adverse effects (to individuals as health effects or to organizations as property or equipment losses). Sometimes a hazard is referred to as being the actual harm or the health effect it caused rather than the hazard. For example, the disease tuberculosis (TB) might be called a hazard by some but in general the TB-causing bacteria would be considered the "hazard" or "hazardous biological agent".

A hazard is something with the potential to cause harm. Risk is the likelihood that the harm will occur from exposure to the hazard. For example: The hazard is electricity. The risk is the likelihood that a worker might be electrocuted because of exposure to electrical wires that is inadequately insulated. The hazard is a 40kg bag. The risk is the likelihood that a worker might suffer back strain from manually lifting 40kg bags. The hazard is carbon monoxide. The risk is the likelihood that a worker might suffer carbon monoxide poisoning because they are using a petrol-operated pump in a well.

A bahaya adalah sesuatu yang mempunyai potensi untuk menyebabkan kemudaratan. Risiko ialah kemungkinan bahawa kemudaratan akan berlaku dari pendedahan kepada bahaya. Sebagai contoh: Bahaya elektrik. Risiko adalah kemungkinan bahawa pekerja mungkin kejutan elektrik kerana pendedahan kepada wayar elektrik yang tidak dilindungi secukupnya terlindung. Bahaya adalah beg yang 40 kg. Risiko adalah kemungkinan bahawa pekerja akan menderita kembali terikan daripada manual mengangkat beg 40 kg. Bahaya karbon monoksida. Risiko adalah kemungkinan bahawa pekerja mungkin mengalami keracunan karbon monoksida kerana mereka menggunakan pam petrol dikendalikan dalam perigi.

physical - radiation, magnetic fields, pressure extremes (high pressure or vacuum), noise, etc,
6.2.2.CLASSIFY BIOLOGICAL HAZARD biological - bacteria, viruses, insects, plants, birds, animals, and humans, etc.,

psychosocial - stress, violence, etc.,

6.2.5.CLASSIFY ERGONOMIC HAZARD

Ergonomic Hazard in Computer Work Computer Work Station The Wrong Posture The Right Posture and Easy Reach

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT.. WHAT IS OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH??
THE OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH IS AN ACT WHICH PROVIDE THE LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK TO SECURE THE SAFETY, HEALTH AND WEALFARE AMONG ALL MALAYSIAN WORKFORCE AND TO PROTECT OTHER AGAINST RISKS TO SAFETY OR HEALTH WITH THE ACTIVITIES OF PERSON AT WORK

AKTA KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN.. APAKAH AKTA KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN??

AKTA KESELAMATAN DAN KESIHATAN PEKERJA ADALAH SATU AKTA YANG MEMPERUNTUKKAN KEANGKA KERJA PERUNDANGAN BAGI MEMASTIKAN KESELAMATAN KESIHATAN DAN KEBAJIKAN SEMUA KALANGAN TENAGA KERJA MALAYSIA DAN UNTUK MELINDUNGI ORANG LAIN TERHADAP RISIKO KEPADA KESELAMATAN ATAU KESIHATAN BERKAITAN DENGAN AKTIVITI ORANG-ORANG YANG SEDANG BEKERJA..

THERE ARE 3 STEPS USED TO MANAGE HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK:

1.SPOT THE HAZARD (HAZARD IDENTIFICATION) 2.ASSESS THE RISK (RISK ASSESSMENT) 3.MAKE THE CHANGES (RISK CONTROL)

1. Spot the Hazard

Key Point A hazard is anything that could hurt you or someone else. Examples of workplace hazards include: frayed electrical cords (could result in electrical shock) boxes stacked precariously (they could fall on someone) noisy machinery (could result in damage to your hearing) During work experience, you must remain alert to anything that may be dangerous. If you see, hear or smell anything odd, take note. If you think it could be a hazard, tell someone.

2 Assess the Risk

. Key Point

Assessing the risk means working out how likely it is that a hazard will harm someone and how serious the harm could be. Whenever you spot a hazard, assess the risk by asking yourself two questions:

how likely is it that the hazard could harm me or someone else? how badly could I or someone else be harmed?
Always tell someone (your employer, your yourself, especially if the hazard could cause serious harm to anyone. supervisor or your health and safety representative) about hazards you can't fix For example: ask your supervisor for instructions and training before using equipment ask for help moving or lifting heavy objects tell your supervisor if you think a work practice could be dangerous Note: If you are not sure of the safest way to do something on work experience, always ask your work experience supervisor.

3. Make the Changes

Key Point

It is your employer's responsibility to fix hazards. Sometimes you may be able to fix simple hazards yourself, as long as you don't put yourself or others at risk. For example, you can pick up things from the floor and put them away to eliminate a trip hazard.

The best way to fix a hazard is to get rid of it altogether. This is not always possible, but your employer should try to make hazards less dangerous by looking at the following options (in order from most effective to least effective)
EXAMPLE: 1.ELIMINATION 2.SUBSTITUTION 3.ISOLATION 4.SAFEGUARDS 5.INSTRUCTING WORKERS IN THE SAFEST WAY TO DO SOMETHING

EXAMPLE: 1.ELIMINATION Sometimes hazards - equipment, substances or work practices - can be avoided entirely. (e.g. Clean high windows from the ground with an extendable pole cleaner, rather than by climbing a ladder and risking a fall.) 2.SUBSTITUTIONS Sometimes a less hazardous thing, substance or work practice can be used. (e.g. Use a non-toxic glue instead of a toxic glue.) 3.ISOLATION Separate the hazard from people, by marking the hazardous area, fitting screens or putting up safety barriers. (e.g. Welding screens can be used to isolate welding operations from other workers. Barriers and/or boundary lines can be used to separate areas where forklifts operate near pedestrians in the workplace.)

4.SAFEGUARDS - Safeguards can be added by modifying tools or equipment, or fitting guards to machinery. These must never be removed or disabled by workers using the equipment. 5.INSTRUCTING WORKERS IN THE SAFEST WAYS TO DO SOMETHING Safeguards can be added by modifying tools or equipment, or fitting guards to machinery. These must never be removed or disabled by workers using the equipment. NOTES:Sometimes, it will require more than one of the risk control measures above to effectively reduce exposure to hazards.