Chapter 49

Matrix Systems for Restorative Dentistry

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA).
All rights reserved. No part of this product may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including input into or storage in any information system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
PowerPoint presentation slides may be displayed and may be reproduced in print form for instructional purposes only, provided a proper copyright notice appears on the last page of each print-out. Produced in the United States of America ISBN 0-7216-9770-4

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Introduction
A matrix system provides and takes the place of the proximal tooth surface that was removed to restore the proximal contours and contact to their normal shape and function.

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Posterior Matrix System

Universal retainer
Also referred to as the Tofflemire retainer. This device holds the matrix band in position. The retainer is positioned most commonly from the buccal surface of the tooth being restored.

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Components of a Universal Retainer

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Posterior Matrix System- contd

Matrix bands
Matrix bands are made of flexible stainless steel and are available in premolar, molar, and universal sizes and thicknesses. The larger circumference of the band is the occlusal edge and is always placed toward the occlusal surface. The smaller circumference of the band is the gingival edge and it is always placed toward the gingiva.

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Fig. 49-2 Types of matrix bands.

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Wedges
A wedge is either triangular or round and
made of wood or plastic. The wedge is inserted into the lingual embrasure to position the matrix band firmly against the gingival margin of the preparation.

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Fig. 49-6 A wedge correctly positioned.

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Automatrix System
The automatrix system is an alternative to a universal

retainer. There is no retainer used to hold the band in place. Bands are already formed into a circle and are available in assorted sizes in both metal and plastic. Each band has a coil like autolock loop. A tightening wrench is inserted into the coil and turned clockwise to tighten the band. When finished, the tightening wrench is inserted into the coil and turned counterclockwise to loosen the band. Removing pliers are used to cut the band.

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Matrix Systems for Primary Teeth

The T-band is a T-shaped copper band. When formed, the top portion of the T allows
the straight portion to adjust and fit the circumference of the primary molar.

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Fig. 49-7 Example of copper T-band used for primary molars.

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Preparing the T-Band Matrix

The wings of the T-band are bent to form a
U-shaped trough. The free end of the band is slipped loosely through the U formation. The wings are closed, and the free end is pulled to make a small circle of the band. Holding the free end toward the facial surface, place the band on the tooth to be prepared.

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Additional Matrix Systems for Primary Teeth

A spot-welded band is a form-fitted band
placed around a prepared tooth, then removed and placed in a smaller form of a welder that fuses the metal together to make a custom band.

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Fig. 49-8 Spot-welded band.

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Preparing a Spot-Welded Matrix Band

Measure to 1 inch of stainless steel matrix
material. Fit the matrix materials around the prepared tooth. Adapt the band, making sure the ends of the matrix material is at the facial surface for visibility and control. Holding the ends tightly, remove the band in an occlusal direction. Place the band in the spot welder. Spot-weld the matrix at three positions.

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Matrices for Composite Restorations

A plastic matrix, also referred to as a
celluloid matrix or mylar strip, is used for class III and IV restorations in which the proximal wall of an anterior tooth is missing.

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

The Use of a Clear Matrix

The matrix is placed interproximally before
the etching and priming of a tooth. This protects adjacent teeth from these materials. After placement of composite material, a matrix is pulled tightly around the tooth to help reconstruct its natural contour. The clear plastic matrix allows the curing light to penetrate the material and complete the curing process.

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Sectional Matrices
A thin polished palodent-type band and a
tension ring produce a tight anatomic contact for composite resin materials for class II restorations.

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.

Fig. 49-10 Sectional matrices.

Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA). All rights reserved.