Medan, June 13th, 2011

Thesis :

Identification and Practical Formulae for Soft Soils in Cohesif, Development for Small Deformation in Table Form
By Rudi Iskandar (NRP : 2006110)

Abstraction of Thesis
For topological factor and also geological from the Soil forms of South Sumatera which are mostly is soft Soils area, make some difficulties for Constractors especially for SOM beginner who has minimum experiences for identification to have better solutions to accomplish their jobs. So it should be necessary to have a guidelines to develop soft soils problems. This table erase the gap of experience between professional and beginner SOM.

Definition
Soft soils, can be a clay or silt which has N<4 for standard Penetration Test or organical soils like swamp which has high water content. And also, for sand which has N<10 (Mekanika Tanah & Teknik Pondasi - Dr. Ir. Suyono Sosrodarsono & Kazuto Nakazawa, cetakan keenam)

Objective Define

Objective problem is soft soils in cohesif, not for the choosen and using foundation because of bad soil but for soil itselves. It is purposes for constructions like river dam or roads and constructions which has small deformation in settlements. Data gathering are from books and experienced in fields.

Scheme of Works
Survey Survey for building positioning Survey of soils, materials and etc

Planning

Identification for soils

Needs some actions Yes Using Choosen Method

No

Re-planning Actions

Action for Planning

Action of works

Structure for soil burden

Supervising for worls Maintenance Maintenance and Management Immediate corrective action

Identification Problems
Problems Caused Acted Forces Bearing Capacity and Lainnya Stability Total settlements atau Failure and displacement Vibration from traffic differs settlements in soils of foundation dam or installations; Liquefaction soils from Fallen Bearing Capacity of earthquake Negative frictions to building foundation Leaking from foundation Displacement and soils of dams . Settlement from Cracking building caused consolidation from near by eccentrical force and burden position or from soils pressure from building weight building weight Settlements

Excavations

Soils settlement near the Failure of dams Filtering of water excavation absorpsion Raisen of bed excavation Settlement from Quicksand, piping consolidation in soils Increasing for soils foundation because of pressure and water level premeability of soils

Soft Soils development for cohesif soils :

Surface Development Method Surface Drainage Method Sand Mat Method Sheet Materials/Geotextile Method Displacement Method Counterweight Fill Method Counterweight Fill Constantly Method Preloading Method Water Reduction Method Vertical Drainage Method Sand Drainage Method Cardboard Wicks Method Thick Sand Coloumn Method

Some Table forms for identification and actions for soft soils development can be shown as below

Recommendation

Identification needs to choose what caused and whether in line/coheren with planning or not. Combining one or more of the methods to have a better results in cost, quality and time is a must. SOM who has strong identification and has know many method for problems in the field, especially for soft soils, will have advantages to have more price contract/addendum, better in quality (safety in settlement and failure) and also minimize for time accomplish.

THANK YOU