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A triangle is a geometric figure consisting of three points, called vertices, connected by three sides. Trigonometry deals with the relationships between the sides and angles of triangles. A triangle drawn on the surface of a sphere is called a spherical triangle.
A triangle is a geometric figure consisting of three points, called vertices, connected by three sides. Trigonometry deals with the relationships between the sides and angles of triangles. A triangle drawn on the surface of a sphere is called a spherical triangle.
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A triangle is a geometric figure consisting of three points, called vertices, connected by three sides. Trigonometry deals with the relationships between the sides and angles of triangles. A triangle drawn on the surface of a sphere is called a spherical triangle.
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Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
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Unduh sebagai PPT, PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
1. INTRODUCTION Triangle (geometry), geometric figure consisting of three points, called vertices, connected by three sides. In Euclidean plane geometry, the sides are straight line segments (see Fig. 1). In spherical geometry, the sides are arcs of great circles (see Fig. 10). See Geometry; Trigonometry. The term triangle is sometimes used to describe a geometric figure having three vertices and sides that are arbitrary curves (see Fig. 11) Trigonometry Trigonometry, branch of mathematics that deals with the relationships between the sides and angles of triangles and with the properties and applications of the trigonometric functions of angles. The two branches of trigonometry are plane trigonometry, which deals with figures lying wholly in a single plane, and spherical trigonometry, which deals with triangles that are sections of the surface of a sphere TYPES OF TRIANGLES TYPES OF TRIANGLES Triangles are classified in terms of their sides and angles. Scalene triangles have no equal sides (fig. 1), isosceles triangles have two equal sides (fig. 4), and equilateral triangles have three equal sides (fig. 5). In acute triangles, all the angles are less than 90° (fig. 1). In right triangles, one angle is equal to 90° (fig. 3). In obtuse triangles, one angle is more than 90° (fig. 2). A line is called an altitude if it is drawn from a vertex perpendicular to the opposite side (fig. 6). A line is called a median if it is drawn from a vertex to the midpoint of the opposite side (fig. 7). A line is called an angle bisector if it divides an angle into two equal angles (fig. 8). A line is called a perpendicular bisector if it is drawn perpendicular to a side through its midpoint (fig. 9). A triangle drawn on the surface of a sphere is called a spherical triangle (fig. 10). A figure with three arbitrary curves is sometimes called a triangle (fig. 11) II PLANE TRIANGLES
A Euclidean plane triangle has three
interior angles (the word interior is often omitted), each formed by two adjacent sides. III SPHERICAL TRIANGLES
Many properties of plane triangles have analogues in
spherical triangles, but the differences between the two types are important. For example, the sum of the angles of a spherical triangle is between 180° and 540° and varies with the size and shape of the triangle. A spherical triangle with one, two, or three right angles is called a rectangular, birectangular, or trirectangular triangle. A spherical triangle in which one, two, or three sides are quadrants (quarter circumferences) is called a quadrantal, biquadrantal, or triquadrantal triangle. TRIGONOMETRY BUILDING
Find the Height of a Building
To estimate the height, H, of a building, measure the distance, D, from the point of observation to the base of the building and the angle, θ (theta), shown in the diagram. The ratio of the height H to the distance D is equal to the trigonometric function tangent θ (H/D = tan θ). Trigonometric Functions
Trigonometric functions are unitless values that
vary with the size of an angle. An angle placed in a rectangular coordinate plane is said to be in standard position if its vertex coincides with the origin and its initial side coincides with the positive x-axis. . Trigonometric Identities
The following formulas, called identities, which show the relationships between the trigonometric functions, hold for all values of the angle θ, or of two angles, θ and φ, for which the functions involved are: