SEMINAR TOPIC ON

ADVANCEMENT IN CENTRIFUGAL & INVESTMENT CASTING

PREPARED BY:
905-BRAHMABHATT SAJAN 921-NASHIKKAR TRUSHIT 913-INAMDAR CHIRAYU 929-PATEL SANJAY

936-NIDHI SHAH
952-PRATIK PATEL

944-VANESHWARI VANKAR

BE III(MET.& MTRLS ENGG.) METALLURGICAL & MATERIALS ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT FACULTY OF TECHNOLOGY AND ENGINEERING M.S UNIVERSITY OF BARODA

VADODARA
MARCH 2011

ADVANCEMENT IN CENTRIFUGAL & INVESTMENT CASTING

LAYOUT
Basic Process Principle Process Mechanism Detailing Advantages Disadvantages (defects) Application

CENTRIFUGAL CASTING

PROCESS:

Principle Effect of centrifugal force on impurities Uniqueness of the process

Gating system is not required. A technology for material and energy saving and high efficiency to some casting with specific shape. Types

TRUE CENTRIFUGAL CASTING

300-3000 rpm speed Casting without core Solidification periphery towards the center Withdrawal of pipe by pipe puller Castings are cylindrical in shape, symmetrical to central axis like pipes, tubes, etc

SEMI-CENTRIFUGAL CASTING

The De Lavaud process & Moore casting system An accurately machined metal mold with cooling Machine is mounted on wheels, slightly incline Liquid metal pouring from far of the mold The rate of pouring is the controlling factor

CENTRIFUGE CASTING
Castings which are not symmetrical about any axis Core and gates may be used No special limitation over shape of casting Products : valve bodies, valve bonnets, yokes, etc...

ADVANTAGES
Clean, Dense and fine grained metal castings with good physical properties comparable with the forgings. Proper directional solidification of the casting. No need of a central core and gating system in true centrifugal casting. Mass production and Rapid production rate. Ability to produce extremely large cylindrical parts.

DISADVANTAGES:

True centrifugal casting is limited to few shapes. Equipment costs are high. Skilled workers are required for operation and maintenance. Defects: #hot tear # segregation # banding (low melting point incl.) Conventional casting defects like internal shrinkage, gas porosity & nonmetallic inclusion are less likely to occur in centrifugal casting.

APPLICATIONS:

Figs : high chrome C.I. mill roll, steel pipes, bearings(cupro-nickel, bronze, gunmetal), carbon-steel and low alloy carbon-steel valves

Figs : radiant tubes (Fe-Cr-Ni), bi-metallic cladding steel pipes, brass or copper or bronze castings Hot and cold rolled strip and plate mills, power transmission industries, aerospace industries etc& conclusion

INTRODUCTION

Also called lost wax casting Castings with excellent surface finish and high dimensional accuracy. 200 alloys are available with investment casting Ferrous- s.s, tool steel, carbon-steel, ductile iron Non-ferrous-aluminum, copper, brass etc

PROCESS

Pattern & Mold making

Wax pattern made by wax injection machine Attaching the metal delivery system

Wax assembly is INVESTED into ceramic solution called slurry

Coating with fine zirconium sand and then let it dry

Again coarse sand is coated and repetition until desired thickness

Dewaxing in heating furnace

Heating of mould &purpose

Pouring of liquid metal

Solidification Removal of ceramic mold coating

Cutting of metal delivery system

Surface polishing Sizing & manufacturing

ADVANTAGES

Excellent detailing, smoother surface and close tolerance Castings do not contain any disfiguring parting line. Saving in machining operation cost

Intricate shapes, irregular parts which can not be produced by any other process can also be cast with excellent mechanical properties

Sections as thin as 0.75 mm may be cast.

Sounder and denser castings. With suitable heat treatment, the investment castings attain physical properties comparable to forged or rolled sections.

Castings produced are sound and free from usual defects.

DISADVANTAGES

The process is relatively expensive Size limitation. Majority of castings less than 0.5 kg. Pattern can be expendable; one wax pattern is required to make one investment casting. Process is relatively slow. The use of cores makes process more difficult. The economic value of this process lies in its ability to produced intricate shapes in various alloys that could probably not be produced at all by any other casting process.

DEFECTS

BUCKLING AIR BUBBLES IN SLURRY LIFTING SHRINKAGE PITTING SCABING, WORMING, ETC

APPLICATION

highly complex shapes such as hollow turbine blades Parts for sewing machines, locks, rifles and burner nozzles. Aviation, power industries Impellers and other pump and valve components Etc

REFERENCE
FOUNDRY TECHNOLOGY by O.P.Khanna.
PRINCIPLES OF FOUNDRY TECHNOLOGY by P. L. Jain. PRINCIPLES OF METAL CASTING by HEINE, LOPER & ROSENTHAL.