Govt. Sen. Sec.

School Samrala(boys)
Project of Tenses its uses and rules
 Submit by Class IX
Sr.no Name Class
3. Amninder Singh IX A
4. Azarpreet Singh IX A
5. Inderpreet Singh IX A
6. Bawandeep Singh IX A
7. Gurinder Singh IX B
 Tenses

Tense is a form taken by a verb

to the time of an action or a state
 Types of Tense
There are three main
tenses Tenses
2) Present Tense
3) Past Tense
4) Future Tense

Present Past Future

All three tenses have four aspects
Tense

Present Past Future

Indefinite Indefinite Indefinite

Continuous Continuous Continuous

Perfect Perfect Perfect

Perfect Perfect Perfect

Continuous Continuous Countinuous
 Uses of Indefinite tense
Sr.no Uses Example

1 To express a habitual He gets up early in the morning.

action.

2 To express some universal The earth moves round the sun.

Truth.

3 To express a situation that This road runs from Ludhiana to

Is permanent. Delhi.

4 To state things of general She sings well.

nature .
Rules of Present Indefinite
Tense
 Affirmative Sentence
Rule :-Subject +1st form of verb or 1st form
of verb with s/es + Object
Subject verb Object Example
I/We/You/They 1st Form ------- They sing a song

He/She/It 1st --------- Ram eats an

apple.
Form+s/es
 Negative Sentence
Rule:-Subject +do not/does not+1st form
of verb + Object

Subject Verb Object Example

I/We/You/They do not + 1st -------- We do not sing

a song.
form
He/She/It does not + -------- He does not
sing a song.
1st form
 Interrogative Sentence
Rule:-Do/Does +Subject+1st form
of verb + Object ?
Do/Does Subject Verb Object + Example
?
Do I/we/you 1st form -------- Do I sing a
song ?
/they

Does he/she/it 1st form -------- Does he sing

a song ?
 Uses of Present Continuous
Sentence

Sr.no Uses Example

1. To describe an action The boys are
which is in progress at flying kites.
the time of speaking.

2. To express an action He is coming

that has been arranged to meet me
to take place in the near next week.
future.
Rules of Present Continuous
Tense
 Affirmative Tense
Rule:- Subject + is/am/are + 1st form of verb+ing + object

Subject Is/Am/Are Verb Object Example

I am 1st form -------- I am singing a

- song .
+ ing
He/ She /It is 1st form -------- He is singing
(singular + ing - a song.
noun)
We/You/They are 1st form ------- We are
(Plural noun) + ing singing a
song.
 Negative Sentence
Rule:- Subject + is/am/are +not+ 1st form of verb +ing +
object
Subject is/am/are Verb Object Example
+ not
I Am +not 1st form -------- I am not
singing a
+ ing song .
He/ She /It is +not 1st form -------- He is not
(Singular + ing singing a
noun) song.

We/You/They are +not 1st form + ------- We are not

(Plural noun) ing singing a
song.
 Interrogative Sentence
Rule:- Is/Am/Are + Subject + 1st form of verb + ing +
Object ?

Is/Am/Are Subject Verb Object+ Example

?
Am I 1st form --------- Am I singing
a song ?
+ing
Is he/ she /it 1st form --------- Is he singing
(Singular +ing a song ?
noun)
Are we/you/they 1st form ------- Are we
(Plural noun) +ing singing a
song ?
Uses of Present Perfect Tense

Sr.no Uses Example

1 To express an action The sun has

that has just been set.
completed.

2 To express a past I have seen

action the result of the Taj.
which still continuous
Rules of Present Perfect
Continuous
 Affirmative Sentence
Rule:- Subject + has/have+ 3rd form of verb + Object

Subject has/have Verb Object Example

He/ She /It has 3rd form -------- He has

- written a
letter.

I/We/You/They have 3rd form ------- I have written

a letter.
 Negative Tense
Rule:- Subject + has/have + not + 3rd form of verb + Object

Subject has/have Verb Object Example

+not
He/ She /It has +not 3rd -------- He has not
form - written a
letter.

I/We/You/They have 3rd ------- I have not

+not form written a
letter.
 Interrogative Sentence
Rule:- Has/Have+ Subject + 3rd form of verb + Object+?

Has/Have Subject Verb Object+ Example

?
Has he/ she /it 3rd ------- Has he
form written a
letter ?

Have I/we/you/they 3rd ------- Have I

form written a
letter ?
 Uses of Present Prefect Tense

Sr.no Uses Example

1. To express an action I have been living in
which began in past this house for ten
and is continuing up years.
to the present time.
Rules of Present Continuous tense
 Affirmative Sentence
Rule:- Subject + has been/have been+ 1st form of verb +
ing + since/for +Object
Subject has/ Verb For/ Object Example
have since
He/ She/It has 1st For is used for --------- It has been
been form “period of raining for two
+ing time” hours.

I/We/You/ have 1st Since is used ------- We have been

They been form for “point of living here since
+ ing time” 1958.
 Negative Sentence
Rule:- Subject + has/have+not +been+ 1st form of verb+
ing+ since/for+Object
Subject has/have Verb For/ Object Example
+not +ing since
+been
He/ has not 1st For is -------- It has not been
She /It been form used for - raining for two
+ing “period hours.
of time”
I/We/ have + 1st Since is ------- We have not
You/ not + form used for been living
They “point of here since
been +ing
time” 1958.
 Interrogative Sentence
Rule:- Has/Have+Subject +been +1st form of verb + ing
since/for + Object ?
Has/ Subject been Verb+ For/ Object Example
Have ing since
Has he/ she been 1st For is used --------- Has it been
/it form + for “period raining for
ing of time” two hours?

Have I/we/you/ been 1st Since is ------- Have we

they form+i used for been living
ng “point of here since
time” 1958 ?
 Uses of Past Indefinite Tense
Sr.no Uses Example
1. To express that something I saw him
was done and took place yesterday.
in the past time
2. To express a habitual As a child,I
action in the past played hockey.
3. To state a fact about the In the past people
past. believed that the
earth was flat.
 Affirmative Sentence
Rule :-Subject + Verb 2nd form + Object

Subject verb Object Example

I/We/You/They 2nd form ------- I worked.

He/She/It 2nd form --------- He worked.

 Negative Sentence
Rule :-Subject + did not+Verb 1st form +
Object

Example:- He did not work.

 Interrogative Sentence
Rule :-Did+Subject + Verb 1st form +
Object+?

Example:- Did I work ?

 Uses of Past Continuous Tense

Use:- It is used to indicate the action

which was still going on in the past time.

Example:-The boys were playing in the

garden when it began to rain.
Rules of Past Continuous Tense
 Affirmative Sentence
Rule :-Subject + was/were+ 1st form of
verb +ing +Object
Subject Was/Were Verb+ing Object Example

I was 1st -- I was singing.

Form+ing
We/You were 1st form+ing You were
They singing.

He/She/It was 1st -- He was

Form+ing singing.
 Negative Sentence
Rule :-Subject + was/ were + not+ 1st form
of verb + ing + Object
Subject Was/Were+ Verb + ing Object Example
not
I was +not 1st -- I was not
Form+ing singing.

We/You were+not 1st form+ing You were not

They singing.

He/She/It was+not 1st -- He was not

Form+ing singing.
 Interrogative Sentence
Rule :-Was/Were+ Subject + verb 1st form +
ing +Object ?

Was/ Subject Verb Object? Example

Were +ing

Were we/you/ they 1st Were you singing ?

form
+ing
Was I/he/she/it 1st -- Was he singing ?
Form
+ing
 Uses of Past Perfect Tense
Uses:- It is used to denote an action which
had been completed in the past time .

Example:-The train had left.

Rules of Past Perfect Tense
 Affirmative Sentence
Rule:- Subject + had+ 3rd form of verb
+ Object

Example:- She had written a letter.

 NegativeSentence
Rule:- Subject + had+ not+ 3rd form of
verb + Object

Example:- She had not written a

letter.
 Interrogative Sentence
Rule:- Had+ Subject + 3rd form of verb
+ Object ?

Example:- Had she written a letter ?

Uses of Past Perfect Continuous
Tense

Uses:- It is used to indicate an

action that had continued for a
certain time.

Example:-I had been writing for

an hour.
Rules of Past Perfect Continuous
Tense
 Affirmative Sentence
Rule:- Subject + had been+ 1st form of
verb +ing+ since/for +Object

Example:- We had been waiting for

you for an hours.
 Negative Sentence
Rule:- Subject + had not been+ 1st
form of verb +ing+ since/for +Object

Example:- We had not been waiting

for you for an hours.
 Interrogative Sentence
Rule:- Had +Subject + been+ 1st form
of verb +ing+ since/for +Object ?

Example:- Had we been waiting for

you for an hours?
Uses of Future Indefinite Tense

Uses:-It denotes an action that is about

to take place or an action that will take
place in the future.

Example:- We shall go there next week.

Rules of Future Indefinite Tense
 Affirmative Sentence
Rule :-Subject + will/shall+ 1st form of verb
+ Object
Subject will/shall Verb Object Example

I/We shall 1st Form -- I shall do it

now.

He/She/ will 1st Form -- He will go to

They/You Madras
tomorrow.
 Negative Sentence
Rule :-Subject + will/shall +not + 1st form of
verb + Object
Subject will/shall Verb Object Example
+not
I/We shall+not 1st Form -- I shall not do it
now.

He/She/they will +not 1st Form -- He will not go

/You to Madras
tomorrow.
 Interrogative Sentence
Rule :-Will/ Shall +Subject +1st form of
verb+ Object ?
Will/Shall Subject Verb Object Example

Shall I/we 1st Form -- Shall I do it

now ?

Will he/she/they/ 1st Form -- Will he go to

you Madras
tomorrow ?
Uses of Future Continuous Tense

Uses:- It denotes an action going on at

some point in future time.

Example:-I shall be working.

 Affirmative Sentence
Rule :-Subject + will/ shall +be + 1st form of
verb + ing + Object
Subject will/shall Verb +ing Object Example
+be
I/We shall 1st Form+ing -- I shall be
+be doing it now.

He/She/They/ will +be 1st Form+ing -- He will be

You going to
Madras
tomorrow.
 Negative Sentence
Rule :-Subject + will/ shall +not +be + 1st
form of verb + ing+ Object
Subject will/shall Verb +ing Object Example
+not +be
I/We shall +not 1st form -- I shall not be
+be +ing doing it now.

He/She/They will +not 1st form -- He will not be

/you +be +ing going to
Madras
tomorrow.
 Interrogative Sentence
Rule :-Will/Shall +Subject + be +Verb 1st
form+ ing+ Object+?
Will/shall Subject be Verb Object Example
+ing
Shall I/we be 1st -- Shall I be doing it
Form now ?
+ing
Will he/she/they/ be 1st -- Will he be going
you Form to Madras
tomorrow ?
+ing
 Uses of Future Perfect Continuous

Use:-It denotes an action that will be

completed at some point in future.

Example:- I shall have done my work.

Rules of Future Perfect Tense
 Affirmative Sentence
Rule :-Subject + will/shall +have + 3rd form
of verb + Object
Subject will/shall Verb Object Example
+have
I/We shall +have 3rd Form -- I shall have
done my work

He/She/They will +have 3rd Form -- They will have

/You spent all their
money.
 Negative Sentence
Rule :-Subject + will/ shall +have + not +
Verb 3rd form+ Object
Subject will/shall + Verb Object Example
have not
I/We shall + 3rd Form -- I shall have
have +not not done my
work.

He/She/They will + have 3rd Form -- They will have

/You +not not spent all
their money.
 Interrogative Sentence
Rule :-Will/ Shall +Subject +have +Verb 3rd
form+ Object ?
Will/Shall Subject have Verb Object Example

Shall I/we have 3rd Form -- Shall I have

done my
work ?

Will he/she/ have 3rd Form -- Will they

they/ have spent
all their
you money ?
 Uses of Future Perfect Continuous
Tense

Use:- It indicates an action, whether

finished or unfinished will have been in
process in future.

Example:- Ashok will have been living in

Japan for ten years.
Rules of Future Perfect Continuous
Tense
 Affirmative Sentence
Rule :-Subject + will/shall +have been+1st
form of verb + ing +since/for+ Object
Subject will/shall Verb Since/ for Object Example
+ have +ing
been
I/We shall 3rd For is used -- We shall
+have Form for “period of have been
time” playing for
+been three hours .

He/She/ will 3rd Since is used -- She will have

They/You +have Form for “point of been living in
time” Chandigarh
+been since 1958.
 Negative Sentence
Rule :-Subject + will/shall +have not been
+1st form of verb +ing +since/for+ Object
Subject will/shall + Verb Since/ for Objec Example
have + not +ing t
+been
I/We/You shall + 3rd For is used -- We shall have not
have + not Form for “period been playing for three
been of time” hours .

He/She/ will + have 3rd Since is -- She will have not been
They/You +not Form used for living in Chandigarh
+been “point of since 1958.
time”
 Interrogative Sentence
Rule :-Will/Shall + Subject +have been+1st
form of verb +ing+ since/for+ Object ?
Will/ Subjec have Verb Since/ for Object Example
Shall t been +ing +?

Shall I/we have 3rd For is used -- Shall we

been Form for “period of have been
time” playing for
three hours ?
Will he/she/ have 3rd Since is used -- Will she have
they/you been Form for “point of been living in
time” Chandigarh
since 1958 ?