CONTENTS
How vision is possible? How vision is impaired?
Bionic eye
Device Description Engineering Details Intraocular Camera Chip & Wire
Brain Implant
Advantages & Disadvantages Conclusion
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CONDITIONS
i. Image must be formed on the retina. ii. Resulting nerve impulses must be conducted to visual areas TO FORM CLEAR IMAGE i. ii. iii. iv. Refraction of light rays. Accomodation of the lens. Constriction of pupil. Convergence of eyes.
BIONIC EYE
An artificial eye provokes visual sensations in the brain. Experimental implants can stimulate the ganglia cells on retina. The devices are 2mm in size and contains 3500micro photodiodes. Collection of miniature solar cells to convert natural light to electrical signals.
DEVICE DESCRIPTION
A coil that wraps around the optic nerve with 4 points of electrical contact. Video signals come from an external camera. These signals are transmitted to the implant via radio antenna and microchip. Microchip placed behind the ear. This chip is of size 5mm.
THE SURGERY
Three incisions in the white part of eye. Gel is removed by vacuuming device.
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ADVANTAGES
Technology add life to vision less eyes. The surgery is cost effective. The chip has longlife span.
DISADVANTAGES
Artificial replacement of cones and rods is not easy task.
Si based photodetectors not used. Foreign signals generated by artificial light sensors. Infection and negative reaction.
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CONCLUSION
Restoration of sight for blind is no more a dream today. Bionic eye made this true. Engineers play a major role in design stage of bionic eyes. It is just a matter of 4-5 years ,that the blind will be able to see through these bionic eyes.
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REFERENCE
Neural implants- First Bionic Eyes by Victor Chase. Doctors Test Chips in Eyeballs to restore sight from azcentral.com. www.dobelle.com. Anthonys textbook of Anatomy and Physiology.
Science reporter
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