THE NURSING MANAGEMENT PROCESS: An Overview

Course Description: This course deals with the application of the concepts, principles, theories and methods of developing nursing leaders and managers in the hospital and community-based settings. It also includes ethic moral/legal aspects of health care and nursing practice and the nurses responsibilities for personal and professional growth. Course Objective: At the end of the course, given a group of clients with varied conditions, the student should be able to: 1. Utilize the nursing process in the care of individuals, families, population group, in hospital and community settings. 1.1 assesses with client/s his/her/their condition/health status through interview, physical examination and interpretation of laboratory findings 1.2 identifies actual and at-risk nursing diagnosis 1.3 plans appropriate nursing interventions with client/s and family for identified nursing diagnosis 1.4 implements plan of care with client/s and family 1.5 evaluates the progress of the clients condition and outcomes of care;

Nursing Leadership and Management

2. Ensure a well organized and accurate documentation and reporting system; 3. Demonstrate leadership and competence in the performance of her responsibilities as a beginning nurse practitioner in the hospital or community setting 4. Observes bioethical principles, core values, and standards of nursing care while practicing nursing 5. Promote personal and professional growth for self and others

Leadership and Management: An Overview God created man in his own image and in doing so he was tasked to have dominion over all the things created before Him. It was the solemn divine decision that emphasized mans place at the climax of Gods creative work (Genesis 1:26-27)

 Nursing management is based on theories where concepts are included together with methods, and principles. Relationship between principle could be observed and verify to certain degree if translated in to the art of practice of nursing management. Concept are not fragmented thoughts, ideas and general beliefs in relation to nursing management but rather concepts that can serve as unifying ideas, thus, forming a foundation for action or discussion. Principles are known to be those fundamentals truths, law or doctrines wherein

Leadership and Management: An Overview

Leadership and Management: An Overview

Nurses realize that they have to keep up with the many changes in the health care system and its delivery of service to the people. The Nursing Act of 1991 focuses on three changes in the efforts to improve the peoples health. From hospital or institutional care, emphasis shifted to community health delivery; From emphasis on physical care, efforts are now directed towards holistic approach to

Leadership and Management: An Overview Definition of Nursing Management: The management process is universal. For nurses, knowledge of this process assures them of the smooth functioning of the units to attain their goal of quality care through the judicious use of available human and material resources within specified periods. Focus on planning, organizing, staffing, directing or leading and controlling or evaluating all activities of the nursing system.

Harbizon and Myerz offer a classic three fold concept to emphasize the broader scope of management. They observe that management is:

AN ECONOMIC RESOURCE
management is one of the factors of production together with land, labor and capital.

SYSTEM OF AUTHORITY management

first develops with top individuals determining the course of action for the rank and file. This is followed by constitutional management which emphasizes definite and

 AN ELITE CLASS management is a class and status system. Managers have become an elite group of brains and educations. Entrance to this class is based on education and knowledge. The new managers continue to expand their horizon in an effort to attain the ultimate in life.

GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF NURSING MANAGEMENT

Nursing management is PLANNING Nursing management is the EFFECTIVE USE OF TIME Nursing management is DECISION MAKING MEETING PATIENTS NURSING CARE NEEDS is business of the nurse managers Nursing management is the FORMULATION and ACHIEVEMENT

 Nursing management denotes a FUNCTION, SOCIAL POSITION OR RANK, A DISCIPLINE AND A FIELD OF STUDY Organizational cultures REFLECTS VALUES AND BELIEFS Nursing management is DIRECTING OR LEADING A well managed division of nursing MOTIVATES EMPLOYEES TO PERFORM SATISFACTORILY

Role of Manager

Developing Future Managers

Managerial development programs are very useful means of getting qualified managers. According to Katz, the necessary fundamental skills of a manager are:

Technical Skills Human Skills

LEVELS OF SKILLS MANAGEMENT IN NURSING

CONCEPTUAL individuals mental ability to coordinate a variety of interests and activities. Thinks critically and able to conceptualize how things could be. VISIONARY INTERPERSONAL individuals preferred ways of using language, the degrees to which they listens, and their ways on responding to others. TECHNICAL- tools, procedures, and techniques that are unique to the nurse managers specialized situation. Master of the job-viewed as a source of help. AN EXPERT.

Top Management

Conceptual

Human

Technical

Middle Management

Conceptual

Human

Technical

First-Line Management

Conceptual

Human

Technical

Proportions of Management skills needed at Different levels of management

Top Management

Concerned with broad-based, longrange decisions that affect the entire organization; therefore, conceptual skill is most important at that level Focuses basically on her or his group, Therefore, the need for conceptual skill is at a minimum The need to be able to understand and work with people is important at all levels, but the first-line managers position places a premium on human skill requirements because of the great number of employee interactions required

First-Line Management

Human Skill

A nurse manager performs these management functions to deliver health care to patients. Nurse managers or administrators work at all levels to put into practice the concepts, principles and theories of nursing management. They manage the organizational environment to provide a climate optimal to provision of nursing care by the clinical nurses.

 Technical Skills relates to the proficiency in performing an activity in the correct manner with the right technique. Human relationship skills pertain to dealing with people and how to get along with them. Conceptual skills deals with the ability to see individual matters as they relate to the total picture and to develop creative ways of identifying pertinent factors, responding to the

Another approach in developing managers is postulated by Summer in his early work which emphasize knowledge, attitude and ability factors. Knowledge factors refer to ideas, concepts or principles that can be expressed and are accepted because they have logical proofs. Attitude factors relate to those beliefs, feelings and values that may be

Qualification of Nursing Service Administrators

Be a registered nurse in the Philippines Have at least two (2) years of experience in general nursing service administrators Possess a degree of bachelor of Science in Nursing, with at least nine (9) units in managerial and administration course at the graduate level; and Be a member of good standing of the accredited professional organization of nurse
It is provided, however, that a person occupying the position of Chief Nurse or Director of Nursing Service shall, in addition to the foregoing qualification, possess:

 At least five (5) years of experience in a supervisory or managerial position in nursing; and A Masters Degree Major in Nursing As per Memorandum 2000-05,series of 2000 of the PRC, BON. Circular No.

Qualification of Nursing Service Administrators

A new trend in hospital nursing is clinical specialization. Nurses train in a special field of nursing of their choice. Courses to prepare nurse desiring

Qualification of the Chairperson and Members of the Board The Chairperson and Member of the Board shall, at the times of the appointment, posses the following requirements. o A natural born citizen and resident of the Philippines o A member of a good standing of the accredited professional organization of nurses o A registered nurse and holder of a Master Degree in Nursing, education or other allied medical profession conferred by a college or university duly recognize by the government. Provided , that the majority of the Member of the Board shall be holder of a masters degree in nursing: Provided, further That the Chairperson shall be a holder of a masters degree in nursing. o Must have at least ten (10) years of continuous practice of the profession prior to appointment. Provided, however. That the last five (5) years of which shall be in the Philippines.

Qualification of the Faculty and the Dean of the College of Nursing

A member of the faculty in a college of nursing teaching professional courses must: Be a registered Nurse in the Philippines Have at least one (1) year of clinical nursing practice in a field of specialization Be a member of good standing in the accredited professional organization of nurses and

Qualification of the Faculty and the Dean of the College of Nursing

The career ladder in nursing education starts with a Clinical Instructors position up to the Dean of a College of Nursing. A dean in a College of Nursing should possess; Masters Degree in Nursing Must have at least five (5) years of experience in teaching and supervision. Those teaching in Graduate Programs for nurses must possess postMasters Degree or Doctoral Degree

Who Needs Nursing Management?

 All types of health-care organizations, including nursing homes, hospitals, home health-care agencies, ambulatory care centers, student infirmaries, and many others, need nursing management. Even the nurse working with one client and family needs management knowledge and skills to help people work together to accomplish a common goal. A primary nurse working with several clients prioritizes their care to assist time to improve health or, sometimes, peaceful death.

THE MANAGEMENT PROCESS

CONTROLLING
assessing/regulating performance

DIRECTING
actuating efforts to accomplish goals

ORGANIZING
establishing formal authority

PLANNING
thinking ahead, making projections to achieve desired results

Universality of Management
Top Management Middle Management First-Line Management
P P O D S C

Amount of Emphasis on Management Function P - Planning O - Organizing D - Directing S - Staffing C - Controlling

Scenario: A nurse manager spent part of the day working on the budget (Planning) , meet with the staff about changing the patient care management delivery system from primary care to team nursing (Organizing), altered the staffing policy to include 12- hour shifts (staffing), held a meeting to resolve a conflict between nurses and physicians (Directing), and gave an employee a job performance evaluation (Controlling).