1.

1 Understanding that humans have basic needs Give energy Grow Stay healthy Food Air To breathe

Basic Needs Of Human

Water Drinks Grow Stay healthy

Shelter To protect from danger extreme weather sun & rain

1.2 Understanding that animals have basic needs Give energy Grow Stay healthy Food Air Types : holes cave nest beehive Shelter To protect from danger extreme weather sun & rain To breathe

Basic Needs Of Animals

Water Drinks Grow Stay healthy

1.3 Understanding that plants have basic needs

Plants Have Basic Needs

Air

Water

Sunlight

With : grow healthy grow well not wilted

Without : wilted Turn yellow Die

2.1 Analysing life processes that humans undergo

Nose/Mouth Wind-pipe Lungs

Inhale take in air Exhale give out air

Purpose : avoid danger

Organs Breathing Rate of breath

Number of chest movement In a period of time

avoid getting hurt avoid getting injured to survive

Respond To Stimuli Organs Eyes - Sight Nose - Smell Tongue - Taste Ears - Sound Skin - Touch

Analysing Life Processes That Human Undergo

Reproduce
A process to produce Their young or offspring

Excrete Lungs
( Carbon dioxide + water vapour )

Defecate

Faeces

Kidney ( urine + mineral salt ) Skin ( Sweat + mineral salt )

2.2 Being aware that certain behaviour can disturb life processes Behaviour That Can Disturb Life Processes

Smoking Effects Lung cancer

Coughing

Drinking Alcohol

Taking Drug

Effects Delay respond to stimuli How to avoid

Lose ability to walk in straight line Can cause accidents

Participate in a campaign Discourage among their peers

2.3 Analysing the life processes that animals undergo Animals Life Processes

Excrete

Defecate

Breathing

Reproduce

To get rid of waste product from their bodies

Organs

Lay Eggs
butterfly bird

Give Birth
cat tiger bat whale

Lungs monkey
bird whale

Gills fish
prawn

Lung-book crab

Moist Skin frog

earthworm

Trachea Structure insects

Science Year 4 INVESTIGATING LIVING THINGS 2. Living Things Undergo Life Processes plants respond to stimuli. water, sunlight, touch, gravity.

the part of plant that responds to water

various ways plants reproduce

throughseeds, spores, suckers, stem cutting, leaves, underground stem.

Roots

the part of plant that responds to gravity.

2.4 Life processes plants undergo

what will happen to the world if plants do not reproduce.
no food supply.

Roots

the part of plant that responds to sunlight.

Shoot

plants reproduce.
Seeds balsam, corn, durian Spores fern, mushroom Suckers banana, pineapple Stem cutting hibiscus, rose, tapioca Leaves bryophyllum, begonia Stem potato, onion, ginger and lily

why plants need to reproduce

to ensure the survival of the species.

the part of plant that responds to touch.

3.1 animals have specific characteristics and behaviour to protect themselves

Special characteristics of animals that protect them from danger.

The special characteristics and behaviour of animals help to protect them from danger.

special behaviour of animals that protect them from danger.

Thick and hard skin To prevent their enemies from injuring Eg. elephant Hard shell Snails and tortoise retract their head And legs into the shell when the are Attacked by enemies Hard scales Pangolins and crocodiles have hard scales To protect their bodies from injuries Spines Raise the sharp spines when the enemies advance towards them Eg. porcupine Horns Use their horn to attack enemies. Eg. buffalo

Sharp claws To protect themselves and their Young from the enemies- lion ,cat, Bears, and eagle. Pretend to dead To trick their enemies e.g.: beetle

Camouflage Has body colour or patterns that that are Similar to the surrounding Spray black ink Dark surrounding helps the animal not to been seen by enemies e.g: octopus, squid Poisonous sting or fangs Can hurt and kill enemies-e.g..: scorpion, centipede snake , bee.

3.2/3.3 Animals have specific characteristics and behaviour to protect themselves from extreme weather and survive specific characteristics and behaviour of animals that protect them from very hot and cold weather. Hot weather how specific characteristics and behaviour of animals help to protect them from very hot or cold weather. Cold weather
Thick Fur Polar bears have thick fur to prevent the body From losing heat to cold surroundings. Fat Layers Under The Skins Penguins, seals, and whales have fat layers under their skin to keep their bodies warm Small Ears Seals and Walruses have small ears to prevent Heat loss from their bodies. Hibernate Polar bears hibernates during extreme cold Weather

Wrinkled Skin Elephant ,hippopotamuses and buffaloes lose body heat through wrinkled skins Wallowing Elephant, hippopotamuses and buffaloes keep their body cool by wallowing in mud holes

Humps Camels store food and water in the form Of fats in the humps on their back.

3.4 Plants have specific characteristics to protect themselves from enemy

The specific characteristics

of plants that protect them from enemies

How the specific

characteristics of plants help to protect them from enemies.

Produces latex

characteristics that protect plants. Have thorns Have fine hairs Close leaflets when touch poisonous

3.5 Plants have specific characteristics to protect themselves from dry region and strong wind
strong wind

dry region

Eg : cactus

Eg: Coconut tree, bamboo tree, . mangrove tree

a. b. c.

Long roots to absorb water Succulent stem can store water Thorn can prevent the excessive loss of water

a. b. c. d.

Have stems that bend easily Have buttress roots Have separated leaves Needle- shaped leaves

INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY

1.2 Area

Volume

1.3 Solid 1.4 Liquid

1.1 Length

MEASUREMENT

1.5 Mass

1.7 Standard units

1.6 Time

Terminology
- The distance between two points/place/position

Measuring tape

String

Arm span Cubit

Ways to measure

Ruler

1.1Length
Correct technique
- The eye must be directly above the end of object

Standard Tools

Measuring tape

Ruler

Unit
mm cm m km

Terminology

1.2 Area

Standard unit - Square millimetre (mm2) - Square centimetre (cm2) - Square metre (m2) - Square kilometre (km2)

- Area is the amount of

Space taken up by the surface of an object. Different ways to measure area

- Using formula - by placing uniform objects such as tiles, books and stamps on the surface of the objects

- Using square card with a

sides of 1 centimetre

2cm 4cm Area = length X width = 4cm X 2 cm = 8cm2

3cm 1cm 1cm

3cm

The amount of space that something takes up

measuring cylinder

Length x width x height

Terminology Tools

Formula

Volume

1.4 Liquid Standard Units

1.3 Solid Correct technique Standard Units mm3, cm3, m3 a) taking the reading at the lowest part of the meniscus. b) eyes must be at the same level as the lowest part of the meniscus

ml, l

Terminology
- Amount of matter in an object

Correct technique

1.5 Mass
Electronic balance Simple balance

Tools

Bathroom scale

Standard unit

Beam balance

Kitchen scale

Lever balance

mg

kg

Terminology

Standard unit

1.6 Time
- Duration between two event - Second , minute , hour

Way to measure Tool

Process that repeats uniformly can be used to measure time

- Digital clock , watch , wrist watch , clock

Events can be used measuring time Old clock -Swinging pendulum -Pulse rate candle - Sundial , sand clock , candle clock -water dripping -Changing day and night

1.7 The Importance of Standard Units

- for accuracy and consistency

- easy to communicate and understanding

Investigating Materials

metal

carbon

glass

plastics

wood

Conduct electricity

Light to pass through

Insulator

1.1 The properties of materials

conduct heat

Float on water

Sink in water

Can be stretch

wood

stone

rubber ring

metal

1.2 Applying knowledge properties of materials in everyday life

Suggest ways to keep things hot Suggest ways to keep things cold

Covered with insulators

hot thing

cold thing

To prevent heat loss

prevent from absorbing heat

1.3 Uses of materials based on their properties

List of object and materials that they are made of

Reason why particular materials are used to make an object

object spoon tissue glasses

materials metal wood glass

properties hard Soft transparent

cheap easy to get

strength good quality

1.4 The importance of reuse, reduce and recycle of materials

wood cotton metal plastics synthetic cloth Man-made materials

natural materials

rubber

glass

State that man-made materials comes from natural materials

reducing

reusing

recycling

public transport

plastic bag

bottle

plastics

glass

1.6

RUSTING CAN PREVENTED

DIFFERENT WAYS TO PREVENT OBJECTS FROM RUSTING

Coating with non rusting materials *paint *oil *grease

THE NECESSARY TO PREVENT RUSTING

*Everlasting Live *Save Natural material *Save Cost *Looking good

*Conclusion; Rusting can be avoided by preventing iron contact with air and water.

UNDERSTANDING THAT SOME MATERIALS CAN RUST

RUSTY OBJECTS

NON RUSTY OBJECTS

OBJECT MADE OF IRON AND STEEL

OBJECT MADE OF GLASS, PLASTIC, WOOD, CLAY AND SILK

*Nail *Spoon *Knife *Needle

*Glass *Bottle *Cup *Pencil

INVESTIGATING THE EARTH AND THE UNIVERSE

-Nine Planets -Natural satellites -Meteors -Comets -Asteroids

THE SOLAR SYSTEM

List of constituents

Mercury Venus Earth Mars Jupiter Saturn Uranus Neptune Pluto

My Very Excellent Mother Just Served Us Nine Puddings List of planets

1.1 The solar system

Planets move round the Sun

the Earth the Sun 1 Size of the Sun relative to the size of the Earth. 100

the Earth 1

the Moon 4 Size of the Earth relative to the size of the Moon.

1.2 The relative size and distance between the Earth, the Moon and the Sun

The relative distance from the Earth to the Sun compared to the relative distance from the Earth to the Moon. the Earth the Sun 150 000 000 km 1 : 400 the Moon 382 500 km

The nearer a planet to the Sun is, the hotter is the surface of the planet . The farther a planet from the Sun is, the colder is the surface of the planet. Do not have enough air and water.

Much nearer : The temperature on the Earth would rise. Water on Earth would evaporate. No water and the temperature would be very hot. Much farther : The temperature on the Earth would drop. Water would freeze into ice. All living things would die.

Why certain planets are not conducive for living things.

1.3 Appreciating the perfect placement of the planet Earth in the Solar System
The Earth is the only planet in the Solar System that has living things.

EFFECT

Earth is the third planet from the Sun, it receives enough light and heat from the Sun. It is not too hot or too cold. The atmosphere of the Earth contains air and there is water on Earth.

INVESTIGATING TECHNOLOGY

1.1.Understanding the importance of technology in everyday life

Limitation of human ability

Examples of human limitations are Unable to see fine objects Unable to speak loud Unable to walk for long distance Unable to see far away objects

Microscope - The usage of lens to see fine features of objects and microbes Microphone -To increase the volume Telephone -To communicate from long distance Bicycle, motorcycle, airplanes -Can travel long distance in a shorter time Telescope, binocular - To see far away objects

Devices to overcome human limitation

TECHNOLOGY
1.2
Understanding The Development Of Technology

Agriculture e.g.: hoe plough tractor

combine harvester Transportation Land: Animal car train bicycle

Examples

Air: hot air balloon airship glider aeroplane Water: canoe raft sampan ferry ship Communication Drawing carrier pigeon

Construction Cave hut wooden house apartment

Telephone

TECHNOLOGY

Cannot move farther

Problems they encounter in their daily life

1.3 Synthesising how technology can be used to solve problems

Demonstrate that device invented can be used to solve the problem identified
Pully can lift everything

Cannot move and lift heavy thing Brain storming

Ideas to solve the problems identified

wheelbarrow Sketch the model

Device to solve the problem identified.

lever

Wheel barrow can move heavy things easily

1.4 Analysing That Technology Can Benefit Mankind If Used Wisely

Advantages of Technology

Disadvantages of Technology

Communication Enable human to learn more about things happening around the world Transportation Enable human to travel far away places in shorter time Agriculture Machines make it easier to plants and harvest their crops Construction Roads, highways, bridges and building is easier and faster to build

Environmental pollution from increase In waste materials Environmental destruction result from excessive usage of natural resources Social problem Bad effects on health result from environmental pollution and excessive use of chemicals