INTRODUCTION TO THE CONCEPTS OF TRAINING

Training and development refer to systematic processes initiated by (or at the direction of) the organization resulting in the relatively permanent changes in the knowledge, skills, or attitudes of organizational members. Generally, the term training is reserved for activities directed at the acquisition of knowledge, skills, and attitudes for which there is an immediate or near-term application (e.g., an upcoming promotion), whereas development is reserved for the acquisition of attributes or competencies for which there may be no immediate use. Definition of Training Training is defined as a learning process that involves the acquisition of knowledge, sharpening of skills, concepts, rules, or changing of attitudes and behaviors to enhance the performance of employees. Training is an activity leading to skilled behavior.

Scope of Training
Training requirements of the participants: Training Requirements of Participants can be known by carrying out a Training Need Analysis Intended Purpose of the Training :If the training is intended to provide the participants with knowledge on new technology, then the training should be defined in such a way to achieve the same, failing which the training may not prove useful. Depth of Coverage :For example, if the training is focused on the participants who have just graduated from colleges, then the training programme should focus on the basics of the topic under study, rather than the advanced concepts which the participants may not understand. Outcome of the Training :The training outcome shall be pre defined, so as to ensure clarity among the participants of what they can expect out of the training programme.

Objectives of Training
Terminal Behavior: The objectives should state the proposed behavioral changes that is to be brought about e.g., to be able to use Microsoft Excel Package. Condition of Performance :The objective has to state the conditions under which newly acquired behavior is to be shown e.g., to be able to use the basic functions of Microsoft Excel Package without supervision. Measurement: The objective has to state the conditions under which newly acquired behavior is to be shown e.g., to be able to use the basic functions of Microsoft Excel Package without supervision. Training objective clarifies the trainee that what is expected out of him at the end of the training program. Training objectives are of great significance from a number of stakeholder perspectives, Trainer , Trainee , Designer , Evaluator .

Benefits of Training
Increase in Production Reduction in Errors Reduction in Turnover Less Supervision Necessary Ability to Advance New Capabilities

Attitude Changes

Role of Training in an organization

Increased job satisfaction and morale among employees. Better inter personal relationship and customer satisfaction. Increased employee motivation. Increased efficiencies in processes, resulting in improved financial gain. Increased capacity to adopt new technologies and methods. Increased innovation in strategies and products. Reduced employee turnover. Enhanced company image. Better Risk management and staff safety consciousness. Increase in productivity.