MATHEMATICS

SPM 2011

PAPER 1

A. GENERAL GUIDE - Paper 1

Covers some topics from Form 1 to 3, all topics in Form 4 and 5, and requires BASIC, INTERMEDIATE and HIGHER skills. Form of question - objective questions with 4 choices of answer. Topics covers the NUMBERS, SHAPES & SPACE and ALGEBRAIC themes. Skills on NUMBERS, SHAPES & SPACE and ALGEBRAIC themes complement each other ; without any one of the skill, others CANT BE acquired. Questions on SHAPES require a lot of ALGEBRAIC and NUMBER skills whilst questions on ALGEBRA require skills on NUMBERS or vice versa. Skills on NUMBERS should be built first whilst skills on ALGEBRA are an important tool to solve many problems. Scope of questions covers topics that have been taught from Form 1 to 5 (please refer to topics analysis in Part C to get a clear picture of topics asked). Candidates must do an overall revision covering all these topics and dont choose certain topics only

THEMES & TOPICS

NUMBERS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

SHAPES AND SPACES

1. Basic Measurements 2. Lines and Angles 3. Polygons 4. Perimeter and Area 5.Geometrical Constructions 6. Loci In Two Dimensions 7. Circles 8. Solid Geometry 9. Pythagoras Theorem 10. Trigonometry 11. Bearings 12. Angles Of Elevation & Depression 13. Lines & Planes In 3-D 14. Plans And Elevations 15. Earth As A Sphere 16. Transformations

ALGEBRA
1. Indices 2. Algebraic Expressions 3. Algebraic Formulae 4. Linear Equations 5. Linear Inequalities 6. Quadratic Exp. & Equations 7. Coordinates 8. The Straight Line 9. Graphs Of Functions 10. Gradient & Area Under A Graph 11. Ratios and Rates 12. Variations 13. Matrices 14. Sets 15. Mathematical Reasoning 16. Statistics 17. Probability

8. 9.

Whole Numbers Fractions Decimals Percentages Directed Numbers Multiples & Factors Squares, Square Roots, Cubes, Cube Roots Standard Form Number Bases

B. EXAMINATION FORMAT - Paper 1

NO. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

ITEM Type Of Instrument Type Of Item Number Of Question Total Marks Test Duration Constructual Inclination Contextual Coverage

NOTES / DESCRIPTION Objective Test Multiple Choice 40 questions (Answer all)

40

1 hour 15 minutes Knowledge - 45 % / Skill - 55 %

1. Lower forms field of studies that have continuity at higher form. 2. All field of studies from form 4 to 5.

Level of Difficulty Easy (E) Moderate (M) Difficult (D) Additional Tools

E:M:D=5:3:2
1. Scientific Calculators 2. Mathematical Tables Book 3. Geometrical Equipment

C. ANALYSIS Paper 1

TOPICS
FORM 1 3 1.Polygons I and II 2.Algebraic Expressions 3.Linear Equations 4.Algebraic Formulae 1.Statistics I and II 2.Transformations I and II 3.Indices 1.Linear Inequalities 2.Trigonometry I TOTAL

2003
2 2 1 1 2 3 2 2 15

2004
1 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 1 14

2005
2 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 12

2006
1 2 1 1 3 2 1 1 1 13

2007
2 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 13

2008
1 2 1 1 2 2 2 1 12

2009
2 2 1 1 3 2 2 2 15

2010

2011

FORM 4 1.Standard Form 1.Quadratic Expr. & Equations 1.Sets 1.Mathematical Reasoning 1.The Straight Line 1.Statistics III 1.Probability I 1.Circles III 1.Trigonometry II 10. Angles of Elevation & Depress. 11. Lines & Planes in 3-Dimension TOTAL

4 3 1 2 1 2 1 1 15

4 3 2 3 1 2 2 1 18

3 3 2 1 2 1 3 1 1 17

4 3 2 2 1 2 2 1 17

3 3 2 2 1 3 1 1 16

4 3 2 2 1 3 2 1 18

4 2 2 2 1 2 2 1 16

FORM 5 1.Number Bases 1.Graphs of Functions II 1.Transformations III 1.Transformations 1.Matrices 5. Variations 6 Gradient/Area Under Graphs 7. Probability II 8.Bearings 8.Bearings 9.Earth As A Sphere 9.Earth 1.Plans And Elevations 1.Plans TOTAL

2 1 3 2 1 1 10

2 1 1 2 1 1 8

2 1 2 3 1 2 11

2 1 2 3 1 1 10

2 1 2 3 1 2 11

2 1 2 3 1 1 10

2 1 2 2 1 1 9

D. ANSWERING GUIDE - Paper 1

Paper 1 usually begins with simple and easy questions. If any question cant be answered, move to other questions and dont waste time an any one question. For questions involving table readings, usually examples on how to use the table are shown. Protractors and set squares are not permitted to be use in Geometrical Constructions. After constructions are made using compasses and ruler, candidates can use the protractor to check accuracy of the angles constructed. (NOTE : There are no more Geometrical Construction questions in Paper 1). It is very important for candidates to study past years questions and try to answer them according to the time and rules set. This will give us a clear picture of the form of question that will be given, skills that must be grasp and topics that must be given priority. Dont be too dependent on a certain method or skill to solve problems. Try to variate your technique and skill. THE MORE EXERCISE, THE BETTER METHOD OF SOLVING WE USE AND THE FASTER WE SOLVE EXAMINATION QUESTIONS THAT HAVE THE SAME FORMAT EACH YEAR .

E. FORMS OF QUESTION - Paper 1

COMMON SENSE QUESTIONS (NEEDS NO CALCULATION) EXAMPLE 1 :
B

The diagram shows four lines drawn on a square grid. D Which of the lines has a gradient of 2 ? A. PA B. PB C. PC D. PD

E. FORMS OF QUESTION Paper 1

QUESTIONS THAT CAN BE ANSWERED USING OTHER QUESTION BEFORE OR AFTER IT AS A GUIDE Example 2 below can be answered using Example 3 as a guide.
EXAMPLE 2 : Amir Amsyar bought a pair of pants at a price of RM 42 after discount. The original price is RM 60. Calculate The percentage of discount given. A. 20 % B. 25 % C. 30 % D. 35% EXAMPLE 3 : Solve the equation 6 2x = 4 3

A. 2 B. 3

C. 4 D. - 3

E. FORMS OF QUESTION Paper 1

QUESTIONS THAT CAN BE ANSWERED BY TRYING OUT EACH CHOICE GIVEN (If possible, try not using this method because it is time consuming)
EXAMPLE 4 :
A bag contains 624 balls which are either orange, purple or white. If a ball is picked randomly from the bag, the probability of picking a white ball is 3 . Find the number 8 Try whether 234 is equal to 3 . If not of white balls in the bag. 624 8 A. 234 C. 324 the same, repeat with other choices. (If possible make a B. 243 D. 423 RANDOM choice because we might succeed at first try)

A better and quicker method here is using tthe algebraic method i.e by forming the equation x = 3 and solving it. 624 8

E. FORMS OF QUESTION Paper 1

QUESTIONS THAT CAN BE SOLVED USING ALGEBRAIC METHOD EXAMPLE 5 : The interior angles of a hexagon are 2xo, 2xo, 3xo, 3xo, 4xo dan 4xo. The value of x is A. 40o B. 70o C. 80o D. 90o
Form the equation 2x + 2x + 3x + 3x + 4x + 4x = 4(180) and solve the equation.

E. FORMS OF QUESTION Paper 1

QUESTIONS THAT CAN BE SOLVED USING ALGEBRAIC METHOD

EXAMPLE 6 : In the following diagram, calculate the height of the cylinder, h, given surface area of the cylinder is 330 cm2 and its radius is 3.5 cm.
r A. 11.5 cm B. 13.25 cm C. 15 cm D. 26.5 cm
Form the equation 2(3.5)2 + 2(3.5)h = 330 and solve the equation. (Subtitute = 22 / 7)

E. FORMS OF QUESTION Paper 1

QUESTIONS THAT CAN BE SOLVED USING ALGEBRAIC METHOD
EXAMPLE 7 Given M (k, 2) is the mid point for the line that connects points P (-8, a) and Q (2a, a). The value of k is A. 2 C. - 2 Form the simultaneous equation B. 3 D. 3
a + a = 2 dan 8 + 2a =k 2 2 and solve them.

E. FORMS OF QUESTION Paper 1

QUESTIONS THAT HAD TO BE GUESSED Before guessing, eliminate all the distractors first.
EXAMPLE 8 :

6.27 x 10 4 =
A. B. C. D. 0.0000627 62700 0.000627 6270000 Not possible because this is a big number ! Not possible because this is a big number !

TRY THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS RELATING TO NUMBERS :

1. Round 40450 to three significant figure A. 404 B. 405 C. 40400 D. 40500 2. 2.4 x 10 5 + 4.8 x 10 4 = A. B. C. D. 7.2 x 10 9 2.88 x 10 5 2.88 x 10 9 2.88 x 10 4 3. 1011101 2 10110 2 = A. 10001 2 B. 10101 2 C. 10111 2 D. 11111 2

4. 3.47 x 10 3 = A. B. C. D. 0.0034 347 34.7 3470

5. The area of a square is 1.54 m2. Its width is 250 cm. Find its length in cm A. 1.29 x 102 B. 6.16 x 101 C. 6.16 x 10-1 D. 6.16 x 103

TRY THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS RELATING TO ALGEBRA :

8. Factorise 6pq 4q2 A. 2q(4p 4q) C. 6p(p 4q2) B. 6q(p 4q2) D. 2q(3p 2q) 9. Factorise completely 2x2 - 8 A. 2(x2 4) B. 2(x 2)2 C. (x 2)(x + 4) D. 2(x 2)(x + 2) 10. (4 3p)(2 + 5p) = A. 8 + 26p 15p2 B. 8 26p 15p2 C. 8 + 14p 15p2 D. 8 14p 15p2

11. Express 2r _ r as a k+1 k fraction in its lowest term A. r(k 1) C. r k(k + 1) k B. rk + r D. r . k(k + 1) k+1 12. Given w = 3a + 2b then a = a A. 2b C. w 2b w3 3 B. 2b D. w w+3 6b

6. If x + 2 = 3x then x = 5 A. 1 / 3 B. 2 / 5 C. 5 D. 1

TRY THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS RELATING TO SHAPES :

13.
7. G N H 8 6 4 S G and H are two points on 0 2 4 6 8 o the parallel of laltitude 72 N. Find the shortest distance, Q is the image of triangle P in nautical miles, between under a rotation. The point G and H. coordinates of the centre of A. 1080 C. 4320 rotation is B. 2160 D. 8640 2 P Q

A. (5, 1) B. (2, 4)

C. (4, 2) D. (0, 5)

MATHEMATICS

SPM
2010

PAPER 2

A. GENERAL GUIDE Paper 2

Paper 2 SPM Mathematics contains 2 parts; Part A & Part B. Test is in the form of written subjective and answers must be written in the question paper. Questions subjective and needs longer working method. Scope of question covers certain particular topics from form 1 to form 5, different from Paper 1 that has a wider coverage.

B. EXAMINATION FORMAT - Paper 2

NO. 1 2 3

ITEM Type Of Instrument Type Of Item Number Of Question Total Marks Test Duration Constructual Inclination Contextual Coverage

NOTES / DESCRIPTION Subjective Test Structured & Limited Response Part A : 11 Question (Answer all) Part B : 5 Questions (Choose 4)
Part A : 52 marks Part B : 48 marks (12 marks each)

4 5 6

2 hour 30 minutes Knowledge - 25 % / Skill Value 5 % - 70 %

1. Lower forms field of studies that have continuity at higher form. 2. All field of studies from form 4 to 5.

Level of Difficulty Easy (E) Moderate (M) Difficult (D) Additional Tools

E:M:D=5:3:2
1. Scientific Calculators 2. Mathematical Tables Book 3. Geometrical Equipment

C. GENERAL INSTRUCTION Paper 2

Answer ALL 11 questions in Part A and 4 out of 5 questions in Part B (if more than 4 are answered, only 4 questions with the highest mark will be chosen). Candidates can use a normal scientific calculator. Candidates will be supplied with four digit tables book, graph papers, blank papers. Final answer that involves decimals must be given correct to two decimal places. Though not stated, candidates also have to bring along drawing tools like long rulers, geometry sets, flexi curve and other tools thought to be useful.

D. ANALYSIS Paper 2
TOPICS
FORM 1 3
1. Simultaneous Linear EqUATION 2. Cicles (II) 3. Volume/ Area of Solids TOTAL 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 1 1 1 3

PART A
03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10

PART B
03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10

FORM 4
1. Standard Form 2. Quadratic Expr & Equations 3. Sets 4. Mathematical Reasoning 5. The Straight Line 6. Statistics III 7. Probability I 8. Cicles III 9. Trigonometry II 10. Angl. of Elevation & Depress. 11. Lines & Planes in 3-Dimension TOTAL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 - 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 4

1 5

1 4

1 1 5 4 1 1 1 1 1

FORM 5
1. Number Bases 2. Graphs of Functions II 3. Transformations III 4. Matrices 5. Variations 6. Gradient/Area Under Graphs 7. Probability II 8. Bearings 9. Earth As A Sphere 10.Plans and Elevations TOTAL OVERALL TOTAL 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 5 1 1 4 5 1 1 1 1 4 4 5 5

3 4

4 5

11 11 11 11 11

E. ANSWERING GUIDE & MARKING SCHEME Paper 2

1.

QUADRATIC

Change to its standard form ax2 + bx + c = 0 Factorise expression on the Left Hand Side. Use the fact that If ab = 0, then a = 0 or b = 0

Example 1 : Solve the equation (f 1)(f + 3) = 5

2. SIMULTANEOUS LINEAR EQUATIONS - solve using the subtitution or variable elimination technique. - recheck whether the answer satisfy the equation given. Example 2 : Calculate the value of f and g that satisfy both the following equations 1f+g = 1 2 3f 2g = 22

E. ANSWERING GUIDE & MARKING SCHEME Paper 2

3. MATRICES
- candidates must be able to find Inverse of a Matrix and know its characteristics - candidates must also be able to use that Inverse Matrix to solve simultaneous equations @ matrices. - write final answer explicitly.

Example 3 : Given the matrix A =

5 3 -4 -2

( i) Find the inverse of matrix A (ii) Hence, using matrices, calculate the values of x and y which satisfy the following matrix equation

5 -4

3 -2

x y

0 2

E. ANSWERING GUIDE & MARKING SCHEME Paper 2

4. SETS

- Usually, question is on shading region of intersection, union and complement of sets. - Multiple hatchings are allowed.

Example 4 : On the diagrams in the answer space, shade (a) the set P Q
Q R

(b) the set (P Q) R

Q R

E. ANSWERING GUIDE & MARKING SCHEME Paper 2

5. GRADIENT AND AREA UNDER A GRAPH - questions usually are based on Speed-Time or DistanceTime graphs. - candidates must be able to (a) write equation from the information given and hence solve that equation. (b) find speed from Distance-Time graph. (c) find distance & acceleration from Speed-Time graph. (d) caculate average speed from both graphs.
EXAMPLE 5 : Speed (m s -1) 14 12 Time (s) D 8 t O t 4 5
Diagram shows distance-time graph for the route travelled by a bus and a car. OMN represents the buss route from town P to town R and CMD represents the cars route from town R to town P. (i) Calculate average speed, in km h1, travelled by the bus from P to R. (ii) The car travels at uniform speed, calculate value of t.

EXAMPLE 6 : Distance from P (km) 280 C N 154 M Time (h)

Diagram shows speed-time graph for a particle in a period of t s. Calculate (i) rate of speed change for the particle in the first 8 seconds. (ii) value of t, given total distance travelled by the particle in the period of t seconds is 248 m.

E. ANSWERING GUIDE & MARKING SCHEME Paper 2

6. CIRCLES - candidates must be able use length of arc formulae and area of a sector formulae with ease where the use of angle at the centre is very important. - answer must be given at least to 2 decimal place if decimals are involve.

Example 7 : In the diagram, ABD is a sector of a circle with centre A. ADC is a straight line. By using = 3.142, calculate (a) perimeter of the shaded region (b) area of the shaded region. C D

A 8 cm

E. ANSWERING GUIDE & MARKING SCHEME Paper 2

7. SURFACE AREA AND VOLUME OF SOLIDS. Memorise formulas on surface area and volume of solids. Skill on formulae application is also very important.. Example 8 : Example 9 : Example 10 :

VOLUME

SURFACE AREA

SURFACE AREA

E. ANSWERING GUIDE & MARKING SCHEME Paper 2

8. GRAPHS OF FUNCTIONS - Graphs must be drawn within the lines of the graph paper. - you must be able to calculate y values from the function given, obey scale instruction, shift points in the table to graph and hence draw a smooth curve. - skills on solving equation by graphical method are also needed. EXAMPLE 11 : EXAMPLE 12 :

E. ANSWERING GUIDE & MARKING SCHEME Paper 2

9. PLANS AND ELEVATIONS

Drawings are done on the blank paper provided in the question paper. Drawings must be precise according to measurements given. All lines must be straight and drawn using a ruler. 90 o angle can be erected quickly using corner of a ruler. Make sure there are no extensions and gaps. Construction lines must be differentiated with projection lines. Circles curves must be drawn using compasses. A straight lining is very important. Example 14 :

Example 13 :

E. ANSWERING GUIDE & MARKING SCHEME Paper 2

13. STATISTICS - Candidates must be able to find mean, modes and medians. - Candidates must be able to construct frequency table and hence draw histogram or frequency polygons. - Candidates must be able to construct cumulative frequency table and hence draw an ogive. - Candidate must also be able to extract informations from the ogive drawn. EXAMPLE 15 : EXAMPLE 16 :