ArcObjects Pyton

GIS and Engineering
• Mark Pearson, PE (civil)

• GeoNorth, LLC
– GIS, Database, Internet Consulting
– Anchorage, Portland
– 13 Years Old (91 DOGS Years)
– App Development, Planning, Conversion
– Huge to Tiny Projects/Organizations
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Value Through Integration and Innovation
The Plan
• ArcObjects
– Concepts
– Examples
• Python
– Concepts
– Examples
• Compare/Contrast
• Discussion
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Multiple Ways to Skin the Cat
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ArcObjects: Serious Programming
• AML
– Throw commands into text file and you’re a
programmer
• Avenue
– Proprietary Language
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ArcObjects
• Not a Language
• Building Blocks Upon
which ArcGIS was built
• COM objects
• Most commonly used
with VisualBasic or
C++
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ArcObjects: First Rule
Whining
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VisualBasic
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Modeling the Real World
• Objects
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Object Oriented
Map Car
Property MapUnits Horsepower
Method AddLayer Accelerate
Event SelectionChanged Brakes are
pressed
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Object Orientation
• Properties
– Characteristics (nouns)
• Methods
– Actions object knows how to perform (verbs)
• Events
– Occurrences that Object can respond to
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Objects Vs. Classes
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Objects Vs. Classes
• Class is the “Blueprint”

• Object is the “House”
– An instantiation
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Interface vs. Objects
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Interfaces vs. Objects
Dim pFeatureLayer As IFeatureLayer

Dim pAttributeTable as IAttributeTable
Set pFeatureLayer = new FeatureLayer
Set pAttributeTable = pFeatureLayer ‘Query Interface
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Tips
• Learn all of the on-line resources and use them
arcobjectsonline.esri.com
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Tips
• Use Samples
– Lots of Them
– Almost Never Start from Scratch
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Tips
• Training is Worth It for quick jump start

• We have an ArcObjects course in March
(hint)
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Tips
• Spend Time on Error Handling
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ArcObjects
• For hard-core programmers = Nirvana

• For casual programmers = Purgatory
• Non programmers = Hell
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ArcObjects: Before & After
Before ArcObjects After ArcObjects
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ArcObjects
• Up Side: Granularity of Control

• Down Side: Nothing is Easy*
* For the casual user
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Common Implementations
• Quick & Dirty Automation using VBA within

ArcMap
• Separate stand-alone applications
• ‘Extensions’ to ArcGIS framework
– Compiled DLL(s)
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Example in ArcObjects
• Example: Programmatically Turn a Layer Off
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Private Sub TurnOffLayer()
Dim pDoc As IMxDocument
Dim pMap As IMap
Dim pLayer As ILayer
Dim pActiveView As IActiveView
Set pDoc = ThisDocument

Set pMap = pDoc.FocusMap
Set pLayer =
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Private Function FindLayerByName(strLayerName As String, pMap As IMap) As ILayer
Dim i As Integer
For i = 0 To pMap.LayerCount - 1
If UCase(pMap.Layer(i).Name) = UCase(strLayerName) Then
Set FindLayerByName = pMap.Layer(i)
Exit Function
End If
Next i
Set FindLayerByName = Null
End Function
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Private Sub TurnOffLayer()
Dim pDoc As IMxDocument
Dim pMap As IMap
Dim pLayer As ILayer
Dim pActiveView As IActiveView
Set pDoc = ThisDocument

Set pMap = pDoc.FocusMap
Set pLayer = FindLayerByName("parcels", pMap)

pLayer.Visible = False
Set pActiveView = pMap ‘this is a query interface

pActiveView.Refresh
pActiveView.ContentsChanged
End Sub
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ArcObjects 8.x to 9.0
• Good News: not much pain

• Binary Compatibility for most core-level
libraries
• Not like Avenue versus ArcObjects
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Type Libraries: Diced Up
• Esricore.olb was one huge library

• Now slit into functional groups
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Type Libraries: Diced Up
ArcObjects 8.x ArcObjects 9.0
Declarations
Dim pEnv as esriCore.IEnvelope Dim pEnv as esriGeometry.IEnvelope
ZoomToPoint (inPt as esricore.IPoint) ZoomToPoint(inPt As esriGeometry.IPoint)
Instantiations
Set pPt = new esriCore.Point set pPt = New esriGeometry.Point
Implementations
Implements esricore.ITool Implements esriFramework.ITool
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ArcGIS 9.0 Type Libraries
ArcGIS Engine UI ArcGIS Engine
•esriSystemUI esriSystem
•esriDisplayUI esriGeometry
•esriOutputUI esriDisplay
•esriGeoDatabaseUI esriOutput
•esriDataSourcesRasterUI esriGeoDatabase
•esriLocationUI esriDataSourcesFile
•esriCartoUI esriDataSourcesGDB
•esriCadUI esriDataSourcesOleDB
•esriIMSUI esriDataSourcesRaster
•esriTinUI esriGeoDatabaseDistributed
•esriCatalogUI esriLocation
esriCarto
ArcGIS Application assemblies esriCad
•esriArcMapUI esriIMS
•esriArcMap esriTin
•esriArcCatalogUI esriWorker
•esriArcCatalog esriFramework
•esriEditor
•esriEditorExt
•esriGeoDatabaseDistributedUI
•esriGeoReferenceUI
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Code Converter Utility
• VB6 Add-In
• Removes ESRI Object Library from Project
reference
• Replaces ‘esriCore.’ with appropriate name in:
• Declarations
• Instantiations
• Implementations
• ProgIDs
• Adds appropriate new references according code
that is found
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Tips for Healthy ArcObjects Use
• Never over promise amount of time

• Always plagiarize Code
• ArcObjects Online / Samples
• Knowledgebase
• Your own code
• Keep a ‘Toolbox’ of common routines
• Make subs/functions generic whenever you can
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• Python/Scripting
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Scripting in ArcGIS
• Python
• VBScript
• Perl
• Jscript
• Any scripting language that is COM
compliant
• Python is ESRI-prefered
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Why Python?
• Easy to learn, clean, clear syntax

• Supports Object Oriented programming
• Works well with complicated data structures
• Simple to integrate with C++ and Fortram
• Can be seamlessly integrated with Java
• Free, Open Source, Widely Used
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Python
• Not invented by ESRI

• Interpreted, interactive, object-oriented
• Invented in 1991 by Guido von Rossum,
Netherlands
• Named after Monty Python
• www.python.org
• Platforms: Windows, all UNIX, OS/2, Mac,
Amiga – even Nokia cell phones
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Geoprocessing with Python
• Geoprocessor Programming Model
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Scripts in ArcToolBox
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Importing Modules
• Python scripts are Modules

• Use the ‘import’ statement to load and use
modules
• All geoprocessing scripts use the ‘win32com’
module
– Supports communciation between Python and
the COM IDispatch interface, which is used by
the geoprocessor
• Other modules to math, file I/O, OS stuff,
etc.
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Standard Stuff at in a Python Script
import win32com.client, sys, os

– sys is python system, user input, etc.
– Os does OS-specific file manipulation
#Create the Geoprocessor object

GP = win32com.client.Dispatch("esriGeoprocessing.GpDispatch.1")
– Declares and creates geoprocessing object that you will use later
#Set the input workspace

GP.workspace = “c:\data\anchorage\shapes”
GP.workspace = sys.argv[1]
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Indentation and Spaces
• They are relevant!
try:
#get a list of featureclasses in workspace

fcs = GP.ListFeatureClasses()
Python is also case sensitive !!!

gp is not the same as GP
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Batch Processing
• ListDatasets (Wild Card, Dataset Type)

• ListFeatureClasses (Wild Card, Feature Type)
• ListFields (Input Value, Wild Card, Field Type)
• ListIndexes (Input Value, Wild Card)
• ListRasters (Wild Card, Raster Type)
• ListTables (Wild Card, Table Type)
• ListWorkspaces (Wild Card, Workspace Type)
• All return an Enumeration (list with unknown count)
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Batch Example
# Import COM Dispatch module
from win32com.client import Dispatch
# Create the geoprocessor object
GP = Dispatch("esriGeoprocessing.GPDispatch.1")
# Set the workspace. List all of the feature classes that start with 'G'
GP.Workspace = “c:/data/anchorage/anch.mdb”
fcs = GP.ListFeatureClasses("G*")
# or for a type: fcs = GP.ListFeatureClasses("G*","polygon")
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Batch Example
# Reset the enumeration to make sure the first object is returned
fcs.reset()
# Get the first feature class name
fc = fcs.next()
while fc: # While the feature class name is not None
# Copy the features from the workspace to a folder
GP.Copy(fc,“c:\data\anchorage\dataout\” + fc)
# Get the next feature class name
fc = fcs.next()
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Licensing
• When a tool is executed, either thru the

ArcToolbox or thru Script, an ArcGIS
Desktop license is required
• Extension Licenses, too
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Extending Python with Wrappers
• Vector Formats
– pyshapelib (shapelib.maptools.org)
• Access to individual vertices of the shape
• Dbf file
• Indexing
– OGR (gdal.maptools.org/ogr)
• Other vector formats like MapInfo, Coverage,
PostGIS, Oracle Spatial, TIGER, SDTS, OpeNDAP,
DGN, Microstation DGN
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• Grids
– Geodata Abstration Library GDAL
(gdal.maptools.org)
• JPEG2000, BSP, USGS DEM, Military
• Elevation Data, ECW, GRASS, TIFF/GeoTIFF,
NetCDF, Imagine, and SDTS
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• Projections
– pyProjection
(http://hobu.biz/index_html/software/pyprojection)
• For projecting coordinates from one to another
• Uses EPSG code system and/or you can roll your own
• SDE
– PySDE (hobu.stat.aistate.edu/pysde)
• Wrapper for SDE C API and has corresponding Python
methods
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ArcObjects or Python?
• Rearrange the ArcGIS User Interface?

• Batch project a bunch of feature classes?
• Create new tool to edit special Widget
feature classes?
• Create an ‘Extension’ for ArcGIS?
• Automated Map Book Generation
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Thanks
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ArcObjects Pyton

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ArcObjects Pyton

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GIS and Engineering

• Mark Pearson, PE (civil)

• Class is the “Blueprint”

Dim pFeatureLayer As IFeatureLayer

• Learn all of the on-line resources and use them

• Training is Worth It for quick jump start

• Spend Time on Error Handling

• For hard-core programmers = Nirvana

Before ArcObjects After ArcObjects

• Up Side: Granularity of Control

* For the casual user

• Quick & Dirty Automation using VBA within

• Example: Programmatically Turn a Layer Off

Dim pActiveView As IActiveView

Set pDoc = ThisDocument

Dim pActiveView As IActiveView

Set pDoc = ThisDocument

Set pLayer = FindLayerByName("parcels", pMap)

Set pActiveView = pMap ‘this is a query interface

• Good News: not much pain

• Esricore.olb was one huge library

ArcObjects 8.x ArcObjects 9.0

• Never over promise amount of time

• Easy to learn, clean, clear syntax

• Not invented by ESRI

• Geoprocessor Programming Model

• Python scripts are Modules

import win32com.client, sys, os

#Create the Geoprocessor object

#Set the input workspace

• They are relevant!

#get a list of featureclasses in workspace

Python is also case sensitive !!!

• ListDatasets (Wild Card, Dataset Type)

• All return an Enumeration (list with unknown count)

• When a tool is executed, either thru the

• Rearrange the ArcGIS User Interface?

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