Anatomy Human Body Part II Skeletal System Unit PowerPoint For Educators From

Human Body Unit Part II/XIII
RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal.
Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
-Nice neat notes that are legible and use indentations when appropriate. -Example of indent. -Skip a line between topics -Dont skip pages -Make visuals clear and well drawn. Please label.
Kidneys Ureters
Urinary Bladder
RED SLIDE: These are notes that are very important and should be recorded in your science journal. BLACK SLIDE: Pay attention, follow directions, complete projects as described and answer required questions neatly.
Keep an eye out for The-Owl and raise your hand as soon as you see him.
He will be hiding somewhere in the slideshow
Hoot, Hoot Good Luck!
Area of Focus: The Skeletal System.
Picture of you without a skeletal system.
Picture of you without a skeletal system.
Are bones living?
They are made of living tissue.
Bone contains three types of cells. These three cells

Osteoblasts: Make new bone and help repair damage.

Osteoblasts: Make new bone and help repair damage. Osteocytes: Carry nutrients and waste products to and from blood vessels in the bone.

Osteoblasts: Make new bone and help repair damage. Osteocytes: Carry nutrients and waste products to and from blood vessels in the bone. Osteoclasts, Break down bone and help to sculpt and shape it.
Which of the following prefixes relates to bones?

A.) Abdomino B.) Osteo C.) Cerebo D.) Cardio E.) Dermato
Which of the following prefixes relates to bones?

A.) Abdomino B.) Osteo C.) Cerebo D.) Cardio E.) Dermato
Bones are coated in a thin layer of blood vessels that nourish the bone.
Bones are coated in a thin layer of blood vessels that nourish the bone.
Activity! Who can guess the number of bones in an adult human being.
An adult human has 206 bones.

When you are born, you have over 300 bones. They fuse together as you get older.




Many bones form from a tissue called cartilage.
Feel the tip of your nose and your ears. They are both made of cartilage.
At just a few months old, bone starts to replace your cartilage.

This process stops at about 25 years old and that is when you stop growing.

This process stops at about 25 years old and that is when you stop growing.
The skeletal system

-
Provides the shape and form.
What animal is this?
Answer! Anteater.
Bird bones have air spaces in them so they are light weight.
Why does a bird need light weight bones.
The structure of bird bones is a lot like corrugated cardboard.
The structure of bird bones is a lot like corrugated cardboard.

These type of bones are very light weight so the bird can fly with minimal effort.
Arthropods have an exoskeleton, or skeleton on the outside.
Arthropods have an exoskeleton, or skeleton on the outside.

They grow by shedding their skeleton and growing a bigger one.
Answer! Ray / Mantaray

Sharks and rays do not have bones but have cartilage instead.
Fish have bones.
What skeleton is this?
What is this?
The skeletal system

-
Provides shape and form
Supports.
Tendons connect muscles to the bones.

Picture below is reattachment of Achilles tendon.
Your Achilles Heel is named after the Greek Hero Achilles of the Trojan War from the Iliad and Odyssey.
He was immobilized when his Achilles tendon was torn.
Activity! Everyone stand in place and do one jump in the air all at once.
Make sure your area is safe and feel how your tendons, muscles and skeleton work together.
Protects.
What is the point of this cage?
Your skeletal system surrounds your most important internal organs with a rib cage.
Your pelvis helps protect the bladder, intestines, and reproductive organs in women.
You eyes are protected by the eye sockets.
Your brain is protected by the skull case
Traumatic brain injury (TBI)

A blow to the head that disrupts normal brain function. A mild blow to the head can result in being knocked unconscious.
Repetitive collisions / concussions can cause a number of serious brain functioning problems later on in life.
Protect your brain. Repetitive collisions / concussions can Your going to need it cause a number of serious brainin life. functioning problems later on in life.
Repetitive collisions / concussions can cause a number of serious brain functioning problems later on in life.
Seatbelts save lives.

Avoid serious brain injury and death by wearing one.
Video! Why you should always wear a seatbelt.

Note: The Human body was not designed to travel at the speeds of modern technology.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI)

50,000 people in the U.S. die each year Most occur from falls and motor vehicle accidents. In severe cases your brain doesnt function well anymore.
What does the above mean?
Helmets can help prevent serious brain injury. Wear them!
Helmets can help prevent serious brain injury. Wear them!
Helmets can help prevent serious brain injury. Wear them and be smart.
Video! Joshs Story.

What can you learn from Josh and his family?
Produces blood.
An average of 2.6 million red blood cells are produced each second by the bone marrow
An average of 2.6 million red blood cells are produced each second by the bone marrow to replace those worn out and destroyed by the liver.
If there is a problem with your bone marrow, a transplant can give you healthy new marrow.
If there is a problem with your bone marrow, a transplant can give you healthy new marrow.
You could need a transplant because of a disease or if cancer treatment kills your healthy blood cells.
There are two main categories of bones.

Spongy Bone Compact Bone




Spongy bone or soft bone contains bone marrow.
Spongy bone or soft bone contains bone marrow. Spongy or Compact?
Bone Marrow contains many blood vessels.

Red Marrow: Creates red and white blood cells.

Red Marrow: Creates red and white blood cells. Yellow: Contains fat cells
Bones are categorized into several groups.

Long Bones

Long Bones Flat Bones

Long Bones Flat Bones Irregular Bones

Long Bones Flat Bones Irregular Bones Short Bones
Long Bone
Short Bones Flat Bones
Long Bone Irregular Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Red Marrow
Long Bone
Red Marrow
Long Bone
Red Marrow
Yellow Marrow
Long Bone
Red Marrow
Yellow Marrow
Long Bone
Red Marrow
Spongy
Yellow Marrow
Long Bone
Red Marrow
Spongy
Yellow Marrow
Long Bone
Red Marrow
Spongy
Yellow Marrow
Long Bone
Long Bone
Compact
Irregular Bone
Red Marrow
Oh-no! We are trying it one more time.
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Red Marrow
Long Bone
Red Marrow
Long Bone
Red Marrow
Yellow Marrow
Long Bone
Red Marrow
Yellow Marrow
Long Bone
Red Marrow
Spongy
Yellow Marrow
Long Bone
Bone
Red Marrow
Spongy
Yellow Marrow
Long Bone
Bone
Red Marrow
Spongy
Yellow Marrow
Long Bone
Bone
Long Bone
Compact
Irregular Bone
Bone Red Marrow

Video! (Optional) Skeletal System Song

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vya4wpS2f gk
Allows movement.
Allows movement.
Stores minerals.
Your bones constantly build-up and break down keeping calcium levels regulated.
Osteroporosis: The thinning of bone tissue and loss of bone density over time.
Which side of this picture shows bone in the later stages of osteroporsis?
Answer! The picture on the right shows serious bone thinning.
Bones are held together by connective tissues.
Note! Connective tissue is generally covered with the muscular system but will be taught today as it does relate to the movement of the skeletal system.

Ligaments:
Bones to bones

Ligaments:
Bones to bones Tendons: Bones to muscles

Ligaments:
Bones to bones Tendons: Bones to muscles
Quiz Wiz! Stretch Activity. Tendon or Ligament
Conduct some safe ballistic stretching to loosen your muscles which are attached by tendons.
Stand and use signals to represent your answer.
1
Muscle
1
Muscle
Bone
1
Muscle
Bone
1
Muscle
Bone
2
Bone
Bone
2
Bone
Bone
3
Muscle
3
Muscle
Bone
3
Muscle
Bone
10
10
10
10
Bonus: Can you name either of these two from the Movie TROY (2004)
I was slain by Achilles.
I was slain by Achilles.
I shot an arrow through his Achilles Tendon.

Hector
Hector
Paris
Helen of Sparta
Helen of Troy
Helen of Troy
Achilles
Activity! Learning about tendons, ligaments, and muscles by making an elbow joint / (hinge joint).
Please pay attention to the following steps.

We will build the joint and then label it upon completion.
Obtain two popsicle sticks and make a 90 degree angle, overlapping the other just a bit.
Color a black line on one popsicle stick representing the radius and the ulna.
Color a black line on one popsicle stick representing the radius and the ulna.
Radius Ulna
Humerus
Radius Ulna
Wrap and wind an elastic band around the two bones as shown. Make sure that the bands stay on, and that the joint can remain in an L shape.
Using a scissors, cut two notches in the popsicle stick (humerus) with one slightly above the other following the angles shown.
Humerus
Cut two more notches on the radius and ulna following the angles shown below.
Radius Ulna
Attach elastic bands to the notches as described below.
Attach elastic bands to the notches as described below. You can wrap if needed.
Attach the other elastic to the notches described below. You can wrap if needed.
Practice moving the joint and show the teacher your construction when they come bye.
Please place your joint on top of a piece of white paper and label the following.
Humerus Radius Ulna Tendon Ligament Long Bone Hinge Joint (kind of)
Tendon
Humerus
Radius Ulna Ligament

Tendon
Humerus

Tendon
Humerus

Tendon
Humerus

Tendon
Humerus

Tendon
Humerus

Tendon
Humerus

Tendon
Humerus

Tendon
Humerus

Tendon
Humerus

Tendon
Humerus

Tendon
Humerus

Tendon
Humerus

Tendon
Humerus

Tendon
Humerus

Tendon
Humerus

Tendon
Humerus

Tendon
Humerus

Tendon
Humerus

Tendon
Humerus
Tendon
Humerus
Oh-no! He has no elbow joints.
Dude. None of us have elbows.
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Long Bone
Cartilage
Long Bone
Long Bone
Cartilage
Long Bone
Long Bone
Cartilage
Long Bone
Long Bone
Ligament
Cartilage
Long Bone
Long Bone
Ligament
Cartilage
Long Bone
Long Bone
Compact Ligament
Cartilage
Long Bone
Long Bone
Compact Ligament
Cartilage
Long Bone
Long Bone
Compact Ligament
Soft / Spongy
Cartilage
Long Bone
Long Bone
Compact Ligament
Soft / Spongy
Cartilage
Long Bone
Long Bone
Compact Ligament
Soft / Spongy
Cartilage
Long Bone
Long Bone
Compact Ligament
Yellow
Marrow Fats
Soft / Spongy
Cartilage
Long Bone
Long Bone
Compact Ligament
Yellow
Marrow Fats
Soft / Spongy
Cartilage
Long Bone
Long Bone
Compact Ligament
Yellow
Marrow Fats Red
Soft / Spongy
Marrow
Blood
Cartilage
Long Bone
Flat Bone
Flat Bone
Flat Bone Long Bone
Flat Bone Long Bone
Flat Bone Long Bone Tendon
Flat Bone Long Bone Tendon Long Bone
Flat Bone Long Bone Tendon Long Bone
Flat Bone Long Bone Tendon Long Bone Short Bones
Compact Bone
Compact Bone
Flat Bone Long Bone Tendon Long Bone Short Bones Spongy Bone
Compact Bone
Flat Bone Long Bone Tendon Long Bone Short Bones Spongy Bone
Compact Bone
Flat Bone Long Bone Tendon Long Bone Short Bones Red Marrow Blood Compact Bone
Spongy Bone
Oh-no!
His skeleton is completely crushed.
Dude We dont have any bones.
Review Opportunity before Activity. (Optional) Virtual tour of the Skeletal System.
http://www.medtropolis.com/VBody.asp
Activity! On the next slide, teacher to minimize out of PowerPoint slideshow. Students to drag the bones.
Teacher controls movement by computer.
Long Bones?
Long Bones
Long Bones Flat Bones Short Bones
Long Bones Flat Bones Short Bones Irregular
Long Bones Flat Bones Short Bones Irregular
Activity Link! Put together and human skeleton with cut-outs.

http://www.enchantedlearning.com/crafts/hallo ween/bones/
Video Link (Optional) The Skeletal System http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UGTenI DJBwU
Activity Sheet! Creating your anatomy resource book.

Please label all of the following. Use http://www.getbodysmart.com/ap2/systems/tutori al.html
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
Oh-no! We have to do it again without our sheet.
Maybe we should study for a few minutes.
Quiz Wiz! Stand and touch the bone as it is presented.
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
metacarpals
phalanges
Oh-No! We now have to take a Quiz Wiz.
You can use your resource book for this quiz.
Quiz Wiz! 1-10 Bones of the Human Body.
2
Broken
5 4 6
10
Bonus: Who is this?
Answers to the Quiz Wiz name that bone in the human body.
1 Metacarpals
2
Broken
2 Clavicle
Broken
2 Clavicle
Broken
Collar Bone
also accepted
3 Pelvis
5 4 6
5 4 6
5 4 Fibula 6
5 4 Fibula 6
Tibula 5
4 Fibula 6
Tibula 5
4 Fibula 6
Tibula 5
4 Fibula
Phlanges
7 Patella
8 Vertebrae
9 Ribs
10
10 Humerus
Bonus: Who is this?
Bonus: Who is this? Shaggy
Try and guess the mystery picture beneath the boxes.

Raise your hand when you think you know. You only get one guess.
Your bones protect you. Especially your vital organs

A human joint: A place where two bones meet.
Joints can be
Joints can be
A.) Fibrous (immoveable)
Joints can be
A.) Fibrous (immoveable) B.) Cartilaginous (partially moveable)
Joints can be
A.) Fibrous (immoveable) B.) Cartilaginous (partially moveable) C.) Synovial (freely moveable)
Video! Joints of the Human Body.
Joints can be
Joints can be
Joints can be
Joints can be
Joints can be
Joints can be
Joints can be
Side Note: Arthropods have an external or exoskeleton.
Side Note: Arthropods have an external or exoskeleton.

Having the skeleton on the outside provides protection.
The six types of human joints.

-

-

-

-

-
Ball and Socket Joint: Radial movement in almost any direction.

Hips
and Shoulders.
Activity Stretch! Everyone stand up for a bit of stretching.

Notice the wide range of motion with a ball and socket joint.
Ellipsod Joint: Similar to ball and socket but much less.
Activity Stretch! Simulated sword play with your neighbor. (No actual object) - Be Safe!
Note the partial rotation in your wrist and forearm.
Hinge Joint: Allows extension and retraction.
Activity Stretch! Lets see your pipes.

Note the extraction and retraction.
Pivot Joint: Rotation around an axis

Neck
and forearms.
Activity Stretch! Person to sit in the middle of the room.

Without moving shoulders, how far can the person look behind them using a pivot joint.
Saddle Joint: Movement back and forth and up and down.
Gliding Joint: Bones slide past one another.
Match the picture to the correct type of joint on the next slide.
Ball and Socket Ellipsod Hinge Pivot Saddle Gliding
A A
B B C
E
F
A A
B B C
E
F
A A
B B C
E
F
A A
B B C
E
F
A A
B B C
E
F
A A
B B C
E
F
A A
B B C
E
F
A A
B B C
E
F
A A
B B C
E
F
A A
B B C
E
F
A A
B B C
E
F
A A
B B C
E
F
A A
B B C
E
F
Intermission Video. Flexible Joints

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SyAtWKgvJA I&feature=fvwrel
Match the picture to the correct type of joint on the next slide.
A C
A C
A C
A C
A C
A C
A C
A C
A C
A C
A C
A C
A C
Video! DARPAs Prosthetic Limb
What are some injuries that can happen to the skeletal and muscular systems?
Some common injuries are
Some common injuries are Sprains
Some common injuries are Sprains
Some common injuries are Sprains Fractures
Some common injuries are Sprains Fractures
Some common injuries are Sprains Fractures Dislocations
Which pictures goes with the correct term?

A break in the bone, made of living tissue and repair happens quickly.
An impact to the skeleton can force a bone out of its joint
B C
Ligaments or tendons get pulled or torn beyond their range

B C

B C

B C

B C

B C

B C


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Human Body Unit Part II/XIII

Human Body Unit Part II/XIII

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Hoot, Hoot Good Luck!

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Area of Focus: The Skeletal System.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Picture of you without a skeletal system.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Picture of you without a skeletal system.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Are bones living?

They are made of living tissue.

Bone contains three types of cells. These three cells

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Bone contains three types of cells. These three cells

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Bone contains three types of cells. These three cells

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Bone contains three types of cells. These three cells

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which of the following prefixes relates to bones?

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Which of the following prefixes relates to bones?

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

An adult human has 206 bones.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

An adult human has 206 bones.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

An adult human has 206 bones.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

An adult human has 206 bones.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

An adult human has 206 bones.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Many bones form from a tissue called cartilage.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

At just a few months old, bone starts to replace your cartilage.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

At just a few months old, bone starts to replace your cartilage.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

At just a few months old, bone starts to replace your cartilage.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

The skeletal system

Provides the shape and form.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Provides the shape and form.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Provides the shape and form.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Provides the shape and form.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Provides the shape and form.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Provides the shape and form.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy

Provides the shape and form.

Copyright 2010 Ryan P. Murphy