English reading and conversation 1

ESP {extra sensory perception}

 ESP or extra sensory perception is a perception occurs independently of sight, hearing or other sensory process. It is known as the sixth sense. It can provide the individual with information of the present, past, and the future. People who possess this ability are called psychic. In a survey published in 1987 by the University of Chicagos National Opinion Research Council found that all of us are born with ESP capability, although some may possess more than the others. 2

ESP or extra sensory perception

 Most people have experienced at least one ESP experience in their lives. The study of these phenomena is called parapsychology, the scientists who perform these studies and experiments are called parapsychologists. ESP is considered to be a pseudoscience; which is a system that tries to explain physical phenomena that cannot be proven by the scientific method is called a pseudoscience. Despite the fact that they are unproven, pseudoscience remain popular, especially astrology, extrasensory perception (ESP), and graphology. Their validity has been debated by scientists and 3 pseudoscience practitioners for many years.

parapsychology

classifications of ESP
The known classifications of ESP are; Telepathy is mind to mind communications. The term was given by Frederick Myers at 1882. Clairvoyance is seeing things beyond our vision; it is associated with precognition, and retro cognition. Clairaudience is the ability to hear things which is beyond the range of our hearing power such as voices from the dead, or voices from the heaven. Precognition is the knowledge of something in advance of its occurrence.
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classifications of ESP 2
Retro cognition is the knowledge of something after it occurred from distance without prior knowledge. Remote viewing is the ability to perceive places, persons, and actions which are not in the range of our normal senses. Telekinesis or psycho kinesis is the ability to move physical objects by the mind, and without touching them.
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 ESP is known from the ancient times. Prophets, seers, diviners, and monks in the biblical times are said to have possessed these abilities. The term ESP was used for the first time in 1870 by Sir Richard Burton and by a French researcher, Dr. Paul Joire, in 1892. The phenomenon was investigated for the first time 1927 at duke university of North Carolina by Joseph Banks Rhine and then was published in 1934 under the title Extra Sensory Perception. His publication discussed these phenomena, its source, and some individuals who claim to posses this ability. Dr. Gaither Pratt and Hubert Pearce made another study in the same field 1933.He suggests that these phenomena work below the limits of consciousness.
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History of ESP;

series of studies
An important series of studies on the nature of ESP in dreams was carried out by a team of researchers at Maimonides hospital in Brooklyn, New York. During 1940, a series of studies made by B.K. Kanthamani and K. Ramakrishna Rao on high school students in India to give further insight into the personality traits associated with ESP. they found out that all those who claim to possess ESP are warm, sociable, good natured, easy going, assertive, tough, enthusiastic, talkative, cheerful, quick, alert, adventuresome, emotional, realistic, practical, 7 composed, and relaxed.

Helmut Schmidt
Other studies about people with these phenomena had been done by Dr. Helmut Schmidt, a physicist now associated with the Mind Science Foundation in San Antonio, Texas. He affirmed that some people enjoy these abilities.

Famous cases;
The following case is typical of those cited as proof of ESP. It is unusual only in that it involves belief in a psychic dog, rather than a psychic human. The dog in question is a terrier who has achieved fame as having ESP as exhibited by his ability to know when his owner, Pam Smart, is deciding to come home when she is away shopping or on some other business. The dog's name is Jaytee. He has been featured on several television programs in Australia, the United States and England, where he resides with Pam and her parents, who were the first to perceive the dog's psychic abilities. This is 9 telepathy between a human and a dog.

 Nostradamus is another case. Nostradamus has been credited with prophesizing dozens of important incidents in recent history, including the rise of Adolf Hitler, the assassination of John F. Kennedy, and the destruction of the World Trade Center towers. Nostradamus was born in 1503 in France, into an educated, well-to-do family of grain traders. Apparently, he was instructed in a wide range of academic subjects at an early age, including traditional sciences, math, languages (Latin, Greek and Hebrew) and astrology. Nostradamus said he was able to predict the future through a combination of astrological study and divine inspiration( knowing the future through 10 ESP or clairvoyance.)

Nostradamus

Why ESP is not reliable?

Some scholars suspect the existence of ESP because of several reasons; Most of the evidence for ESP is anecdotal and is dismissed by skeptics. Incompetence or fraud by parapsychologists or believers in ESP Trickery by mentalists The falsifications of some cases Experiments can not be replicated
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skeptics
The skeptics would say if ESP is true and some people possess this power, why do not they predict the winning number of the national lottery and win it. Why they did not advice princess Diana before her accident about the fate that was waiting her, and she could have avoided the accident and the death. A national research council investigation of ESP concluded that the best available evidence does not support the contention that these phenomena exist. 12

the CIA
In 1985, the CIA started a program to use psychic spies, after spending 20 million dollars in the program, it was abandoned and after having produced nothing useful. Many psychic performances were on the stage, where they control it and show the audience what they want them to see, and hide from the audience what they want them not to see, just like magicians. Forensic science use psychic to help them in 13 solving some mysteries and cold cases.

My personal views;
Personally, I believe that ESP is like faith, the existence of god, you either have it or not, you either believe in it or not, you can not use physical evidence to prove it. Some people possess these abilities of ESP; but they never talk about it nor use it to gain fame, money or power. They use it to help justice, other people in need, or their societies and communities without even rewarded for the good they do.
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Esp is a gift from god

It is a gift from god, and one should use this gift in His path not to gain any worldly reward. He expects his reward from the Almighty. Actually, many prophets, seers, divinities possessed these abilities and used it to spread the word of god, like Jesus, Mohammad, Moses, and others. The end Thanks for coming to the English, reading and conversation class,
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