Diabetes Mellitus

Act Now

14th November World Diabetes Day Theme- Act Now

Disease in which the body doesnt produce or properly use Insulin, leading to hyperglycemia.

India, Emerging as World Diabetes Capital One out of every Fifth Indian is Diabetic Maharashtra is the Diabetic Capital of India 69 lakh are living with Pre-Diabetic Conditions in Maharashtra. Many people are unaware of pre-diabetic conditions.

Facts about Diabetes

Every 10 seconds one person dies of diabetes Every 10 seconds two people develop diabetes Each year seven million people develop

diabetes

Each year 70,000 children develop type 1 diabetes

Decade of Diabetes in the World

31.7 India

20.8 17.7
USA China

8.4
Indonesia

6.8

millions

Japan

Reference: Wild S, Roglic G, Green A, Sicree R, King H. Global prevalence of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004; 27(5): 10471053.

Decade of Diabetes in the World

79.4
India

42.3 30.3
USA China

21.3
Indonesia

8.9

millions

Japan

Reference: Wild S, Roglic G, Green A, Sicree R, King H. Global prevalence of diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2004; 27(5): 10471053.

Types of Diabetes
Type 1 Diabetes Age Onset is till 40 Years Cells that produce insulin are destroyed Results in insulin dependence Type 2 Diabetes Age onset is after 40 years Blood glucose levels rise due to Lack of insulin production Insufficient insulin action

Gestational Diabetes
Develop in Pregnant women

Risk Factors
Modifiable Factors Lifestyle Changes Overweight BMI >25 Non Modifiable Factors

Age
Sex

Family History
Organ Dysfunction

Know the diabetes warning signs

With type 2 diabetes, the symptoms can be mild or absent

Frequent Urination

Rapid Weight loss

Lack of Energy Excessive Thirst

Investigation
Blood Sugar Fasting

Post Parandial

Gly. Hemoglobin Tests (Hb1AC

(Average Blood sugar level of previous 3 months)

Investigation
Category Fasting Minimum Maximum Value Value

Post Parandial (2 Hours after Meal) Minimum Maximum Value Value < 140
140 200

Normal
Early Diabetes

70
101

100
125

Established Diabetes

126

200

HbA1c

- Lab Test that shows the average amount of sugar in

your blood over three months. -It shows how well you are controlling your Diabetes -WHO Guidelines Normal <5.7%

Pre Diabetes 5.7% 6.4%

Established Diabetes >6.5%

Control
Do Regular Check up Nutrition Protein rich Food Regular Exercise Behavior Modification
Dont Carbohydrate Non Vegetarian Food Smoked Food Smoking Alcohol Drugs

Diet Dos & Donts

Dos Bitter Guard Fenugreek Indian Blackberry Garlic Onion Flaxseeds Fibre Cinnamon Solution Antioxident Don'ts Salt Sugar Fat Red Meat Whole Milk & Milk Products Tea & Coffee White Flour High Glycemic Food Index like Rice, Potato, Carrot Bread, Banana etc.

Complications
Macrovascular
Stroke

Microvascular
Diabetic eye disease (retinopathy and cataracts)

Heart disease and hypertension 2-4 X increased risk Renal disease Peripheral vascular disease

Erectile Dysfunction Peripheral Neuropathy

Foot problems

Stroke Heart attack Kidney disease Eye Disease Nerve Damage

To prevent complications for Diabetics

-Check Blood Sugar F& PP every Three Months

- Check HbA1c every Three Months

- Eye Checkup for Retina complications every Six Months - Urine for Micro albuminuria every Three Months - ECG every Year - Proper Foot Care to avoid Gangrene

- Follow up with Physician