Bloomsbury group & fauvism

Shachi pandey

Bloomsbury Group
The Bloomsbury Group or Bloomsbury Set was a group of writers, intellectuals, philosophers and artists who held informal discussions in Bloomsbury throughout the 20th century. This English collective of friends and relatives lived, worked or studied near Bloomsbury in London during the first half of the twentieth century. Their work deeply influenced literature, aesthetics, criticism, and economics as well as modern attitudes towards feminism, pacifism, and sexuality. its best known members were Virginia Woolf, John Maynard, E.M. Forster and Lytton Strachey.

The Bloomsbury Group came from mostly upper middle-class professional families. E. M. Forster, Virginia Woolf and Vanessa Bell had small independent incomes. Others such as Lytton Strachey, Leonard Woolf, the Mac Carthys, Duncan Grant, and Roger Fry needed to work for their living. Of these, only Clive Bell could be called wealthy. All the male members of the early Bloomsbury Group except Duncan Grant were educated at the Cambridge colleges of Trinity or Kings.

FAUVISM
The first of the major avant-garde movements in European 20th century art, Fauvism was characterized by paintings that used intensely vivid, non-naturalistic and exuberant colors. The style was essentially expressionist, and generally featured landscapes in which forms were distorted. The Fauves first exhibited together in 1905 in Paris. The movement was subjected to more mockery and abuse as it developed, but began to gain respect when major art buyers, such as Gertrude Stein, took an interest. The leading artists involved were Matisse, Rouault, Derain, Vlaminck, Braque and Dufy. Although short-lived (1905-8), Fauvism was extremely influential in the evolution of 20th century art.

Fauvist Art (c.1905-1908)

The term Fauvist denotes a short-lived colourist movement, associated with the Ecole de Paris, which formed around friendships between French artists around the turn of the century. The name 'Fauves' was coined at the 1905 Salon d'Automne exhibition in Paris. Leading members of the Parisian Fauvist school were Henri Matisse (1869-1954) and Andre Derain (1880-1954), who had studied together in 1897, as well as Maurice de Vlaminck (1876-1958) a friend of Derain. At the root of Fauvist philosophy was Derain's notion of 'colour for colour's sake'. Although the Fauvist movement was a comparatively short-lived phenomenon, it had a huge influence on the perceived value and role of colour in painting.

Henri Matisse

Birth name -Henri-mile-Benot Matisse Born-31 December 1869 (1869-12-31) Le Cateau-Cambrsis, Nord Died-3 November 1954 (1954-11-04) (aged 84) Nice, Alpes-Maritimes Nationality-French Field-painting, printmaking, sculpture, drawing, collage Training-Acadmie Julian, WilliamAdolphe Bouguereau, Gustave Moreau

Movement-Fauvism, Modernism Works-Woman with a Hat (Madame Matisse), 1905 in museums: Museum of Modern Art Barnes Foundation Patrons-Gertrude Stein, Etta Cone, Claribel Cone, Michael and Sarah Stein, Albert C. Barnes Influenced by John Peter Russell, Paul Czanne, Paul Gauguin, Vincent van Gogh, Paul Signac Influenced-Hans Hofmann, David Hockney, Tom Wesselmann

Famous works

Harmony in Red (The Dinner Table) (1908) by Henri Matisse.

The bright red foreground and background flatten the space in this view of a table being cleared after dinner. The floral pattern of the table cloth continues onto the wallpaper, and has equal importance with the figure, the objects on the table, and the view out the window. Originally the dominant colour in the painting was mostly green, then blue, and finally red, as Matisse went through successive stages of repainting.

Woman with a Hat, 1905. San Francisco Museum of Modern Art

The paintings expressed emotion with wild, often dissonant colours, without regard for the subject's natural colours. Matisse showed Open Window and Woman with the Hat at the Salon. The pictures gained considerable condemnation, such as "A pot of paint has been flung in the face of the public" from the critic Camille Mauclair, but also some favorable attention. The painting that was singled out for attacks was Matisse's Woman with a Hat, which was bought by Gertrude and Leo Stein: this had a very positive effect on Matisse, who was suffering demoralization from the bad reception of his work.

Painting Title: Le bonheur de vivre (The Joy of Life) 1905-06 Oil on Canvas - approx 175x241cm Henri Matisse

Henri Matisse did several versions of his Joy of Life painting. In this version, the artist has used bold, flat, contrasting colors to create a work with much impact. His simplified figures with strong outlines are all finding their own peace in their own way, with some dancing, others relaxing, while the couple in the lower right are embracing each other.

Painting Title: Notre-Dame (A Glimpse of Notre Dame in the Late Afternoon) 1902 Oil on Paper About the the Notre-Dame Painting In this city view, Henri Matisse has flattened the buildings, making them solid shapes and colors, with detail being avoided.

The paintings' bold strokes had an autonomous existence that often had little to do with mimicking surface appearances. The colors were unblended, without the subtle shading that suggests three-dimensionality. Their very brilliance and the strong rhythms of the brushstrokes worked against any Henri Matisse, Open Window, Collioure, perception of depth.
1905, National Gallery of Art, Washington.

Painting Title: Le Lit Dans La Glace1919 Henri Matisse Famous French artists - Still Life Paintings 20th Century painter

About the the Le Lit Dans La Glace Painting Henri Matisse never hid the fact that he painted beautiful things. He wanted his paintings to be celebrations of life. He wanted his works to be easy to think about and view. A vase of colorful flowers achieves all of his aims.

Andr Derain
Born 10 June 1880(1880-06-10) Chatou, Yvelines, le-de-France Died 8 September 1954 (aged 74) Garches, Hauts-de-Seine, le-de-France Field Painting, Sculpture Training Acadmie Camillo, Acadmie Julian Movement Fauvism

Famous works

Charing Cross Bridge, London (1906), National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.

Portrait of a Man with a Newspaper (1911-1914), State Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg

Portrait of a Girl in Black (1913), State Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg Portrait of a Young Girl in Black, an early example of Derain's classical style.

London Bridge Date: 1906 Museum: Museum of Modern Art London Bridge, one of thirty paintings Dearain completed in London.

Raoul Dufy
Raoul Dufy (3 June 1877 23 March 1953) was a French Fauvist painter. He developed a colorful, decorative style that became fashionable for designs of ceramics and textiles, as well as decorative schemes for public buildings. He is noted for scenes of open-air social events. He was also a draftsman, printmaker, book illustrator, a theatrical set-dresser, a designer of furniture, and a planner of public spaces.

This painting is Oil on canvas . Caudebec, Le port reflects his focus on a heightened intensity of light and vibrancy, freeing color from the constraints of imitation and representation.

Raoul Duffy - Caudebec, Le Port Original (1913)

Raoul Dufy Pcheurs et baigneuses au bord de la mer signed 'Raoul Dufy' gouache, watercolour and pen and India ink on paper 23 x 18 in. (58.4 x 47 cm.)

Raoul Dufy (1877-1953) Vue du port, Sainte-Adresse signed 'R.Dufy' this painting is oil on canvas.

NATURE MORTE signed Raoul Dufy watercolour on paper To be included in the supplement to the Catalogue raisonndes aquarelles, gouaches et pastels de Raoul Dufy being prepared.

Raoul Dufy, French, 1877-1953, Boats and People on Beach, Watercolor, pencil signed lower left, matted and framed

Maurice de Vlaminck
Born 4 April 1876(1876-04-04) Paris, France Died 11 October 1958 (aged 82) Nationality French Field Painting Along with Andr Derain and Henri Matisse he is considered one of the principal figures in the Fauve movement, a group of modern artists who from 1904 to 1908 were united in their use of intense color.

Artistic influences
Vlaminck's compositions show familiarity with the Impressionists He was visiting a van Gogh exhibit, he declared that he "loved van Gogh that day more than my own father". From 1908 his palette grew more monochromatic, and the predominant influence was that of Czanne. His later work displayed a dark palette, punctuated by heavy strokes of contrasting white paint.

His famous works

Maurice de Vlaminck (1876-1958) Bouquet de fleurs signed 'Vlaminck' (lower left) oil on canvas 18 1/8 x 13 in.

Maurice de Vlaminck 18761958 (French) Flowers oil on canvas h:55 w:38 cm

Maurice de Vlaminck (French, 1876-1958) Le Pont sur l'Oise Mry (Walterskirchen187) Lithograph, in colours, a Bright impression.

Maurice de Vlaminck (French, 1876-1958) Barque au bord de la rivire signed 'Vlaminck. The color has used here basically watercolor and pencil on paper 41.5 x 50.5cm.

Maurice Vlaminck (1876-1958) Valmondois a la Nuit Tombantte (Walterskirchen 190) lithograph, circa 1926, on wove paper, signed in pencil, numbered 18/35, with the Galerie de Paintres-Graveurs Paris blind stamp, unidentified collectors stamp lower left, hinge mounted, remains of tape on the reverse, time staining throughout .

Thank you..