DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : Dr. BYRI PRABHAKAR
Designation : Senior Lecturer
Branch : D.C.C.P.
Institution : SRRS Govt. Polytechnic, Sircilla
Year/Semester : IV Semester
Subject : Quantitative techniques II
Subject Code : CCP-403
Topic : Progressions
Sub Topic : Arithmetic Progressions
Duration : 50 Mins.
Teaching Aids : PPT, Animations, Diagrams
CCP403.60 1
Objectives

On completion of this period, you would be

able to:

 Find the sum of n terms of AP

 Solve the problems relating to summing
of n terms of AP

CCP403.60 2
Recap

 The Arithmetic Progressions

 To find the nth term of AP
 To find the position of a no. in an AP
 The properties of AP

CCP403.60 3
Find the sum of n terms of an A.P.

Before, you learn to find the sum of n terms of AP

Please, recollect the formula to find the sum of n
natural numbers

 i.e. 1+2+3+4+5+6+…….+n
 i.e. Σn = n(n+1)/2

CCP403.60 4
Now, let us see how the formula is arrived

To Find the sum of 1 to 100 nos.

Let ‘S’ be the sum of n natural nos .(n=100)

S= 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 +….97+ 98+99+100
(Reversing) S = 100+ 99 + 98 + 97 +…. 4+ 3 + 2 + 1
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Adding 2S =101+101+101+101+..101+101+101+101
--------------------------------------------------------------------
i.e. 2S = 101 x 100
So, S = (101 x 100)/2 i.e. n(n+1)/2

CCP403.60 5
To Find the sum of ‘n’ terms of an A.P.

 Let ‘a’ be the first term

 ‘d’ be the common difference
 ‘S’ be the sum
 Sum of n terms of an A.P. can also be denoted
by ‘Sn’

CCP403.60 6
S = a + (a+d) + ..… a+(n-2)d + a+(n-1)d
(Reversing)
S = a+(n-1)d + a+(n-2)d + ….. (a+d) + a
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Adding
2S=2a+(n-1)d + 2a+(n-1)d +…. 2a+(n-1)d + 2a+(n-1)d
i.e. 2S = n [2a+(n-1)d]

Therefore S = n/2[2a+(n-1)d]
in other way S = n/2[ a + a+(n-1)d] = n/2(a + l)
where l = last term = a+(n-1)d

CCP403.60 7
Note : The terms in A.P. should be preferably
taken as

 (three terms) a-d, a, a+d

 (Four terms) a-3d, a-d, a+d, a+3d
 (Five terms) a-2d, a-d, a, a+d, a+2d

CCP403.60 8
Let us see other Formulae

 Sum of the first ‘n’ natural numbers is Σn

 Σn = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + …..+ n = n(n+1)/2
 Σn2 = 12 + 22 + 32+….n2 =n(n+1)(2n+1)/6
 Σn3 = 13 + 23 + 33+….n3 = n2(n+1)2/4

CCP403.60 9
 Example 1

The third term of A.P. is 18 and the seventh term is

30, Find the sum of 17 terms

Solution to Ex. 1
n = 17
3rd term i.e. a + 2d = 18…………(1)
7th term i.e. a + 6d = 30…………(2)

Deduct (1) from (2) 4d = 12

I.e. d = 12/4 = 3

CCP403.60 10
Solution contd

Substitute ‘d’ value in (1)

a + 2d = 18
a + 2x3 = 18
i.e. a = 18-6 = 12

The sum of n terms in AP = n/2[2a+(n-1)d]

The sum of 17 terms S17 = 17/2[2x12 + 16x3]

= 17/2 x 72 = 612

CCP403.60 11
Example 2
The first term of an AP is –8 and the common
difference is 2. The sum to ‘n’ terms is 52. Find ‘n’

Solution to Ex. 2
a = - 8 , d = 2 , Sn = 52
Sn = n/2[2a+(n-1)d]
i.e. 52 = n/2[2x-8 + nx2 – 2] = n/2(2n – 18)
= n2 – 9n

CCP403.60 12
Solution contd

i.e n2 – 9n – 52 = 0
Factorizing n2 +4n – 13n – 52 = 0
n(n+4)-13(n+4) = 0
i.e. (n-13)(n+4) = 0
Therefore either n-13 = 0 or n+4 = 0
n=13 or n = -4 (n can not be negative)
Therefore n = 13

CCP403.60 13
Example 3
If the sum of three numbers in A.P. is 21 and their
product is 315, find the numbers

Solution to Ex. 3

Let the three numbers in AP are a-d, a, a+d

Sum of three numbers is 21
i.e. (a-d)+ a + (a+d) = 21
3a = 21
a = 21/3
= 7

CCP403.60 14
Solution contd

The product of three numbers = 315

i.e. (a-d) X a X (a+d) = 315

a(a2 – d2) = 315
7(72 – d2) = 315
i.e. (72 – d2) = 315/7 = 45
d2 = 49 – 45 = 4
i.e. d = +/- 2
When d = 2, the terms 5, 7, 9
When d = -2, the terms 9, 7, 5

CCP403.60 15
Example 4

Find the sum of 15 terms of the series whose nth

term is 4n+1

Solution to Ex. 4
nth term = 4n+1
Therefore 1st term = 4x1 +1 = 5
2nd term = 4x2 +1 = 9
I.e. d = t2 - t1 = 9-5 = 4

CCP403.60 16
Solution contd

Sn = n/2 [ 2a + (n-1)d]

Sum of 15 terms - S15 = 15/2 [2x5 + (15-1)4]

= 15/2 [ 10 + 56]
= 495

CCP403.60 17
Example 5

Find the sum of all integers from 500 to 1000

that are exactly divisible by 13

Solution to Ex. 5
The first integers divisible by 9 between 500 to 1000
i.e. a = 507 and
last integer l = 988
d = 13

CCP403.60 18
Solution contd

l = a + (n-1)d

i.e. 988 = 507 + (n-1)13

Therefore n-1 = (988-507)/13
n = 38
Sn = n/2 [2a + (n-1)d]
or Sn = n/2[a+l]
= 38/2[507 + 988)
= 28405

CCP403.60 19
Summary

So far we have discussed the following

 Find the sum of n terms of A.P.
 Solve different problems on summing of
‘n’ terms of AP

CCP403.60 20
Quiz

1) The following is the formula to find the sum of n

terms of an A.P.

 n(n+1)/2
 a+(n-1)d
 n/2[2a+(n-1)d]
 n2(n+1)2/4

CCP403.60 21
Quiz

1) Which of the following is used to find the sum of

the squares of natural numbers

a) a+ (n-1)d
b) n(n+1)(2n+1)/6
c) n/2[2a+(n-1)d]
d) n(n+1)/2

CCP403.60 22
Frequently Asked Questions

1) If the sum of the three nos. in A.P. is 15 and

their product is 80, find the numbers
2) How many terms of the series 10,20,30… add
up to 550

CCP403.60 23
Assignment
1) The sum of 3 numbers in AP is 15 and the sum of
their squares is 83. Find them

CCP403.60 24