DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION &

TRAINING ANDHRA PRADESH

Name : M.Suneel, k.Sarada, & K.Chaitanya Reddy

Designation : Lecturer
College : Bapatla Polytechnic College, Bapatla
Department : Electronics and Communication Engg.
Subject : Circuit Theory
Subject Code : EC 303
Major Topic : Behaviors of Passive Components
Sub Topic : j notation method
Duration : 50 minutes
Teaching Aids : PPT, Figures

EC 303.16 1
Objectives

On completion of this period, you would be able

to understand :

• J notation or complex algebra method

• Do problems on complex method.

EC 303.16 2
 J Notation

•An impedance may be resolved into

• A real part R and an imaginary part X
•As Z = R + jx.
• Similarly, an admittance may be resolved into two parts—
•The real part conductance G,
•And the imaginary part succeptance B
•Expressed in complex form.
Y= G+JB
EC 303.16 3
J Notation

J Notation for Various elements

a) pure resistance, then

(b) pure inductance, then

thus a negative sign is associated with inductive susceptance, BL

EC 303.16 4
J Notation

(c) Pure capacitance, then

A positive sign is associated with capacitive susceptance, BC

EC 303.16 5
J Notation

(D) resistance and inductance in series, then

Thus conductance, and

Inductive susceptance,
(Note that in an inductive circuit, the imaginary term of the
Impedance, XL, is positive, whereas the imaginary term of the
Admittance, BL, is negative.) EC 303.16 6
J Notation
(e) Resistance and capacitance in series, then

Thus conductance , and

capacitive susceptance,
(Note that in a capacitive circuit, the imaginary term of the
impedance, XC, is negative, whereas the imaginary term of the
admittance, BC, is positive.) EC 303.16 7
J Notation
(f) Resistance and inductance in parallel, then

EC 303.16 8
J Notation

EC 303.16 9
J Notation

•Thus conductance, G = 1/R and

•capacitive susceptance, BC = l / XC .
•The conclusions that may be drawn from Sections (d) to (g)
above are:
•(i) that a series circuit is more easily represented by an
impedance,
•(ii) that a parallel circuit is often more easily represented by an
•admittance especially when more than two parallel
impedances are involved.
EC 303.16 10
Consider the two parallel branched circuit::

Fig 1 Parallel AC circuit

EC 303.16 11
From branch – 1:

First branch impedance Z1 = R1 + j XL

First branch admittance Y1 = 1 / Z1
= 1 / (R1 + jXL)

By rationalization
Y1 =(R1 - jXL) / { (R1+jXL) (R1-jXL) }
Y 1 =g1 - jb1
R1
g1 
where R12  X L2 and

v1 = - XL / R12 + XL2
EC 303.16 12
From branch 2

1
• Z2 = R2 – j XC : Y 
R2  JX C

R2  JX C R2  JX C
  2
 R2  JX C   R2  JX C  R2  X C 2

Y2  g 2  Jb2

EC 303.16 13
From branch 2 ( continued..)

g 2  R2 / R2 2  X C 2

XC
b2 
R2 2  X 2 2

total admittance Y  Y1  Y2

EC 303.16 14
• Where Y = G + j B

Y  Y1  Y2   g1  jb1    g 2  jb2 

  g1  g 2   j  b1  b2  G  JB 

• Where G = g1 + g2

B  b1  b2

Y  G2  B2

Ø = tan–1 (B / G)

EC 303.16 15
Problem
• Two impedance Z1 = (5 + j 7.5) ohms and Z2 = (3- j4)
are connected in parallel.

If the total current supplied is 7.5 A. Determine the

current and power taken by each branch.

• Solution :-
given data :

R1 = 5 ohms, X1 = 7.5 ohms

R2 = 3 ohms, X2 = 4 ohms
EC 303.16 16
Z1  5  j 7.5   
52  7.52  9.01ohms

Z2  3  j4   
32  42  5ohms

g1  R1 / Z  0.0616J 1
2

EC 303.16 17
Continued….

3
g 2  R2 / Z 2 2
 2  0.12J
5

7.5
b1  X 1 / Z 
2
 0.0924J
 9.01
1 2

4
b2  X 2 / Z 2  2
0.16J
5  2

EC 303.16 18
Total conductance

G  g1  g 2  0.0616  0.12  0.1816

Total susceptance

B   b1  b2  0.0924  0.16  0.0676  J

Total admittance

 0.1816    0.0676   0.1938J

2 2
Y  a 2  b2 

Supply voltage V=I/Y

7.5
  38.69V
0.1938

EC 303.16 19
 38.699
I1  V / Z1   4.26 A
9.01

38.699
I2  V / Z2   7.739 A
5

P1  I R   4.29   5  92.03W
2 2 2
1

P2  I 2 R   7.7398  3  179.72W
2 2 2

EC 303.16 20
Summary

We discussed in admittance method

• Ý=G+jB

• G = g1 + g2

• B = b1 + b2

• Ý = √(G2 +B2) and

• Ø = tan–1 (B / G)
EC 303.16 21
Quiz
• Total admittance Y =

(a) G + jB

(b) G - jB

(c) G + B

Ans (a)

EC 303.16 22
• Total susceptance B =

(a) b1+b2

(b) -b1-b2

(c) -b1+b2

Ans (c)

EC 303.16 23
Frequently asked Questions

• Explain J notation method for analyse the parallel circuit

• Two impedance Z1 = (5 + j 7.5) ohms and Z2 = (3-j4) are

connected in parallel. If the total current supplied is 7.5A.
Determine the current and power taken by each branch.

EC 303.16 24