Krebs Cycle Krebs Cycle

(Also Known as the Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle and the

Citric Acid Cycle)
1) DDD 2-DDDDDD DDDDDD-DDD (DDDD DDDD DDDDDDDD) DDDDDDDD
DDDD DDD ~-DDDDDD DDDDDDDDDDDD DD DDD DDDDDD DDDD DDDDD
DD DDDD 6-DDDDDD DDDDDDD
2) DDDD. DDDDDDD DD DDDDDDDDD DD DDDDDDDDDD (6D)
`) DDD 6-DDDDDD DDDDDDDDDD DD DDDDDDDD DD DDD
-
DD DDDDDDD
DDDDDDD DDDD DDD -DDDDDD DDDDD-DDDDDDDDDDDDD (DDD
DDDDDD DD DDDD DD DD
2
)
~) DDD -DDDDDD DDDDD-DDDDDDDDDDDDD DD DDDDDDDD DD DDD
-
DD
DDDDDDD DDDDDDD DDDD DDD ~-DDDDDD DDDDDDDD-DDD (DDD
DDDDDD DD DDDD DD DD
2
)
) DDDDDDDD-DDD DD DDDDDDDDD DD DDDDDDDDD DDD DDD DDDDDD
DDDDDDDD DD DDDD DD DDDD DDD DDD DDDD DDD DDD DDDDDDDDD
DDD DDDDDDDDD DDDDD DD DDD DD DDDD DDD
6) DDDDDDDDD DD DDDD DDDDDDDD DD DDD. DDDDDDDD DDDDDDD DDDD
2
DDD DDDDDDDD(~D)
) DDDDDDDD DD DDDDDDDDD DDDD DDDDDD
Summary Summary
1) Tbe two molecules ot acetyl-CoA trom tbe llnk reactlon enter tbe
cltrlc aclo cycle.
2) Tbls results ln tbe tormatlon ot
a} 6 noIecuIes of NADH
b} 2 noIecuIes of FADH
2
c} 2 noIecuIes of ATP
d} 4 noIecuIes of CO
2
3) Tbe NADH ano FADH
2
molecules tben carry electrons to tbe
electron transport system tor turtber proouctlon ot ATPs by
oloatlve pbospborylatlon.
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN
A|so known as the resp|ratory cha|n
It |s composed of the m|tochondr|a| enzymes
(comp|exes I II III and IV) that transfer e|ectrons
from one comp|ex to another eventua||y resu|t|ng
|n the format|on of A1
Tbe electron transport cbaln ls a serles ot compounos Tbe electron transport cbaln ls a serles ot compounos locallseo locallseo wltbln wltbln
tbe lnner membrane ot tbe mltocbonorlon. tbe lnner membrane ot tbe mltocbonorlon.
Tbe scbematlc olagram above lllustrates a mltocbonorlon. |n tbe anlmatlon, watcb as
NADH transters H
+
lons (protons) ano electrons lnto tbe electron transport system.
Protons are translocateo across tbe membrane, trom tbe matrl to tbe
lntermembrane space.
2 Iectrons are transporteo aIong tbe membrane, tbrougb a serles ot
proteln carrlers.
3 Oxygen ls tbe terninaI eIectron acceptor, comblnlng wltb electrons
ano H
+
lons to proouce water
4. As NADH oellvers more H
+
ano electrons lnto tbe LTS, tbe proton
gradient increases, wltb H
+
bullolng up outsloe tbe lnner mltocbonorlal
membrane, ano OH
-
lnsloe tbe membrane.
1. Tbe scbematlc olagram above lllustrates a mltocbonorlon.
2. |n tbe anlmatlon, watcb as H
+
lons accumulate ln tbe lntermembrane
space ot mltocbonorlon, generatlng a proton graolent.
3. Protons re-enter tbe cell tbrougb tbe ATP syntbase comple,
generatlng ATP.
Buw many 41P will be ruduced by une
glucuse mulecule2
O Glycolysis
z neL ATP Irom subsLruLe-IeveI pIospIoryIuLIon
z NADH yIeIds 6 ATP (ussumIng ATP per NADH) by oxIduLIve pIospIoryIuLIon
O Trunsition Reuction
z NADH yIeIds 6 ATP (ussumIng ATP per NADH) by oxIduLIve pIospIoryIuLIon
O itric Acid ycle
z ATP Irom subsLruLe-IeveI pIospIoryIuLIon
6 NADH yIeIds 18 ATP (ussumIng ATP per NADH) by oxIduLIve pIospIoryIuLIon
z ADH
z
yIeIds q ATP (ussumIng z ATP per ADH
z
) by oxIduLIve pIospIoryIuLIon
O Totul Theoreticul Muximom Nomber oI ATP Generuted per Glocose
S ATP
u) q Irom subsLruLe-IeveI pIospIoryIuLIon;
b) q Irom oxIduLIve pIospIoryIuLIon.