DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : Swathi K.N
Designation : Lecturer
Branch : Computer Engineering
Institute : Kamala Nehru Polytechnic For
Women, Hyd.
Year : I year
Subject : Computer Fundamentals and Office
Automation
Subject Code : CM-105
Topic : Fundamentals Of Computers
Duration : 50 minutes
Sub. Topic : Introduction to computers,
Organization of computer
Teaching Aids :PPT, Images
CM105.1 1
 Objective:

On completion of this period, you would be able

to learn:

 Organization of a Digital Computer

 Components of a computer

CM105.1 2
 Prerequisites:

What is a computer?
Computer is an electronic data processing
machine.

CM105.1 3
 Computer ? (Cont..)

 An electronic device
 which accepts input, processes it, and gives the
result as output.

CM105.1 4
Operations of a Computer ?

Accepts the input data

 Processes the data

Produces the information as output

CM105.1 5
 COMPUTER SYSTEM

monitor

Keyboar
d
mous
e

CM105.1 6
 A Complete Computer System consists of:

Hardware - Physical components of a

computer.
Software - Set of programs.
Data - Set of facts.
User - A person who works on a
computer.

CM105.1 7
HARDWARE

CM105.1 8
 Software (C – Program):
1 /* Gioe.c
2 Class average program with
3 counter-controlled repetition */
4 #include <stdio.h>
5
6 int main()
7 {
8 int counter, grade, total, average;
9
10 /* initialization phase */
11 total = 0;
12 counter = 1;
13
14 /* processing phase */
15 while ( counter <= 10 ) {
16 printf( "Enter grade: " );
17 scanf( "%d", &grade );
18 total = total + grade;
19 counter = counter + 1;
20 }
21
22 /* termination phase */
23 average = total / 10;
24 printf( "Class average is %d\n", average );
25
26 return 0; /* indicateCM105.1
program ended successfully */ 9
27 }
 Components of computer system

 Input unit
 Memory unit
 ALU (Arithmetic & Logical Unit)
 Control unit
 Output unit

CM105.1 10
 Block diagram of a digital computer

SECONDARY MEMORY
(BACKING STORAGE)

INPUT UNIT MEMORY UNIT

OUTPUT UNIT

CONTROL UNIT ALU

CPU

CM105.1 11
 COMPONENTS (Cont..)
INPUT UNIT:
Device, which accepts the program & data
from user

OUTPUT UNIT:
Device, which shows results in desired form.

CM105.1 12
 MEMORY UNIT:

Stores programs, data (input, output) and

intermediate results temporarily.

 CPU (Central Processing Unit):

ALU (ARITHMETIC & LOGICAL UNIT)

CU (CONTROL UNIT)

CM105.1 13
 CPU (Central Processing Unit):

 CPU is the heart and brain of the computer.

 Combination of ALU & CU.

CM105.1 14
 ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit):

It performs two types of operations .

 Arithmetic Operations
 Logical Operations.

CM105.1 15
 Control Unit

 Responsible for coordination and cooperation

of various parts of a computer system
 Provides timing & control signals

CM105.1 16
 Summary

What is a computer?

Organization of a computer

Components of a computer

CM105.1 17
 Questions:

1. What is a Computer?

3. Explain the block diagram of a digital

Computer with a neat diagram?

5. List the different components of a computer &

explain?

CM105.1 18
 Quiz

1. A Computer is called as ?

b) Electronic Machine

c) Mechanical Machine

d) Electromechanical Machine

e) Electrical Machine
Answer: a

CM105.1 19
 Quiz (Contd..)

2. Brain of computer.
a. Input Unit
b. Control Unit
c. CPU
d. Output Unit
Answer: c

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3. The meaningful form of data is called
a. instruction
b. data
c. information
d. all the above
Answer: c

CM105.1 21
 Assignment

With the help of your lecturer, try to identity

different parts of a computer system and try to
understand the working of the system

CM105.1 22