DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION

ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : U.Rajya Lakshmi
Designation : Lecturer
Branch : Computer Engg.,
Institute : Govt.Polytechnic for Women,
PALAMANER.
Year/Semester : III Semester
Subject : Computer Architecture
Subject Code : CM-303
Topic : Memory Organization
Duration : 50 Min
Sub Topic : comparison between main memory
and Auxiliary memory
Teaching aids : PPT,drawings
CM303. 38 1
 Do you Know

• What are the different types of memory?

• Which is fastest memory component of a computer

system?

• Which memory component provides backup of

programs and data?

• What is the use of cache memory?

CM303. 38 2
 Recap of previous lesson
Different types of memory
• CPU registers
Fastest memory component, stores information
temporarily
• Main memory
Temporary storage and directly communicates with CPU
• Secondary Memory
Provides backup and indirectly communicates with CPU
• Cache memory
Compensates speed difference between CPU and main
memory

CM303. 38 3
 Objectives

On completion of this period you would be able to

learn
• the different types of main memory
• the differences between main memory and
secondary memory

CM303. 38 4
 Types of Memory

Four types of memory

• CPU Registers (or) internal processor memory

• Main memory

• Secondary memory

• Cache memory

CM303. 38 5
 Differences between Main Memory and
secondary memory

Name of the Main memory Secondary

parameter Memory
Connection with Directly Communicates
CPU Communicates with with CPU via main
CPU memory
Storage Capacity Lower larger
Speed Faster memory Slower Memory
Technology Used Semi conductor ICs Magnetic Disks,
CD ROM s
Table.1
CM303. 38 6
 Differences between Main Memory and
secondary memory
Contd..

Name of the Main memory Secondary

parameter Memory
Cost High cost Low cost
Access time Short long
Storage Programs and data System programs,
Information Large data files etc
Volatile / non- Volatile Non-volatile
volatile
Table .1
CM303. 38 7
 Main Memory
• Stores instructions and data temporarily
• Communicates directly with CPU
• Slower than Internal processor memory
• Also known as Primary memory
• Large and fast memory
• Semi conductor memory is employed as main
memory

CM303. 38 8
 Main Memory

Main
CPU
memory

CM303. 38 9
 Main Memory
Semi conductor main memories are of two types
• Random Access Memory (RAM)

• Read Only Memory (ROM)

CM303. 38 10
 Main Memory
Random Access Memory (RAM)

• Both Read and write operations can be performed

• Also known as read/write memory
• Any memory location can be accessed in random
manner
• Volatile memory
• Information is lost when power is switched off
• Holds programs and data
• Stored data can be modified at any time
CM303. 38 11
 Main Memory

Read Only Memory (ROM)

• Read operation can only be performed

• Can not write data to it
• Non-volatile memory
• Contains programs developed by the manufacturer
• Contents can be read but can not be modified

CM303. 38 12
 Main Memory Contd..

Random Access Memory (RAM)

• Two types of RAM’ s

• Static RAM

• Dynamic RAM

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 Main Memory

• Static RAM

• Retains the information as long as the power

supply is on

• Costlier and consume more power

• Do not need refreshing

• Have high speed than dynamic RAM s

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 Main Memory
• Dynamic RAM
• Retains the information only for a few ms.
• With in this period it should be refreshed
• Cheaper and consume less power
• Have high packing density and moderate speed

CM303. 38 15
 Summary
Contd..

In this class you have studied that

• Differences between main memory and secondary
memory
– Main memory
• temporary storage ,faster and directly
communicates with CPU
– Secondary Memory
• provides backup ,slower and indirectly
communicates with CPU

CM303. 38 16
 Summary
Main memory

• Two types
RAM and ROM
• RAM
both read and write operations can be performed
• ROM
contents can be read but cannot be written

• Two types of RAM s

• Static RAM
• Dynamic RAM

CM303. 38 17
QUIZ

CM303. 38 18
1. Random Access memory is also known as
a) Cache memory
b) Internal processor memory
c) Secondary memory
d) Read / write memory

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1. Random Access memory is also known as
• Cache memory
• Internal processor memory
• Secondary memory
• Read / write memory

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2. Main memory is

• Permanent memory
• Temporary memory

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2. Main memory is

• Permanent memory
• Temporary memory

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3. The memory that provides backup is

a) Primary memory
b) Cache memory
c) Internal processor memory
d) Secondary memory

CM303. 38 23
3. The memory that provides backup is

• Primary memory
• Cache memory
• Internal processor memory
• Secondary memory

CM303. 38 24
 Short Answer Questions

1. Write the differences between main memory

and secondary memory
2. Briefly explain the two different types of
main memory

CM303. 38 25