MOBILE BUG

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION BLOCK DIAGRAM CIRCUIT DIAGRAM WORKING COMPONENTS EXPLANATION APPLICATIONS LIMITATIONS FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS

INTRODUCTION
This handy cell phone detector can sense the presence of an activated mobile phone from a distance of one-and-a-half meter. So it can be used to prevent use of mobile phones in examination halls, confidential rooms etc. It is also useful for detecting the use of cell phone for spying and unauthorized video and audio transmissions. It can detect both incoming and outgoing calls, sms and video transmission even if the mobile phone is kept in the silent mode.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

POWER SUPPLY

IC1 CA 3130

IC2 NE 555

BUZZER

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

HOW THE CIRCUIT WORKS?

Ordinary LC (Coil-Capacitor) circuits are used to detect low frequency radiation in the AM and FM bands. The tuned tank circuit having a coil and a variable capacitor retrieve the signal from the carrier wave. But such LC circuits cannot detect high frequency waves near the microwave region. The transmission frequency of mobile phone ranges from 0.9 to 3 GHz with a wavelength of 3.3 to 10 cm. So a circuit detecting gigahertz signals is required for a mobile bug.

HOW THE CIRCUIT WORKS?

Hence in the circuit, a capacitor is used to detect RF signals from mobile phone considering that, a capacitor can store energy even from an outside source and oscillate like LC circuit. So 0.22uf capacitor is selected because it is a low value one and has large surface area to accept energy from the mobile radiation. To detect the signal, the sensor part should be like an aerial. So the capacitor is arranged as a mini loop aerial (similar to the dipole antenna used in TV). In short with this arrangement, the capacitor works like an air core coil with ability to oscillate and discharge current.

How the capacitor senses RF?

There is a natural electromagnetic field around the capacitor caused by the 50Hz from electrical wiring. When the mobile phone radiates high energy pulsations, capacitor oscillates and release energy in the inputs of IC. This oscillation is indicated by the flashing of the LED and beeping of Buzzer. In short, capacitor carries energy and is in an electromagnetic field. So a slight change in field caused by the RF from phone will disturb the field and forces the capacitor to release energy.

WORKING

When the cell phone signal is detected by C3, the output of IC1 becomes high and low alternately according to the frequency of the signal as indicated by LED1.

This triggers monostable timer IC2 through capacitor C7. Capacitor C6 maintains the base bias of transistor T1 for fast switching action.

The low-value timing components R6 and C9 produce very short time delay to avoid audio nuisance.

The moment the bug detects RF transmission signal from an activated mobile phone, it starts sounding a beep alarm and the LED blinks. The alarm continues until the signal transmission ceases.

ANTENNA
The size and shape of the antenna and the way it's constructed determine the gain and directivity of the antenna. The antenna transmits and receives electromagnetic signals. When gain increases the amount of desired signal energy that can be captured Increase but the amount of environmental noise and interferences that's captured increases by the same amount.

IC CA3130
Op-amp IC CA3130 (IC1) is used in the circuit as a current-to-voltage converter It is a CMOS version using gate-protected pchannel MOSFET transistors in the input to provide very high input impedance, very low input current and very high speed of performance The output CMOS transistor is capable of swinging the output within 10mv of either supply voltage terminals

NE555
The NE555 is a highly stable controller capable of producing accurate timing pulses. With a monostable operation, time delay is controlled by one external resistor and one capacitor. With an astable operation, frequency and duty cycle are accurately controlled by two external resistors and one capacitor

PIEZO-EIECTRIC BUFFER
A piezoelectric sensor is a device that uses the piezoelectric effect to measure pressure, acceleration, strain or force by converting them to an electrical signal. A piezoelectric disk generates a voltage when deformed They are used for quality assurance, process control and for research and development in many different industries.

LED
LED is an electronic device that lights up when electricity is passed through it. LEDs are usually red. They are good for displaying images because they can be relatively small. The moment the bug detects RF transmission signal from an activated mobile phone, it starts sounding a beep alarm and the LED blinks. LEDs contain an integrated multivibrator circuit inside which causes the LED to flash with a typical time period.

APPLICATIONS
It can be used to prevent use of mobile phones in examination halls , confidential rooms etc., It is also useful for detecting the use of mobile phone for spying and unauthorized video transmission.

LIMITATION
RANGE OF THE CIRCUIT The prototype has only limited range of one-and-a-half meters. But if a preamplifier stage using JFET or MOSFET transistor is used as an interface between the capacitor and IC, range can be increased.

FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS
This project can be used by military and civil defense for mobile radiation detection. The signals emitted by mobile phones can interfere with some electronic equipment inside the hospital. This could have fatal consequences. so we use this project to detect usage of mobile phones in these places.

THANK YOU