Hi Here come some suggestions about how to apply APA Harvard style

Get your copy of the Student Handbook

Open the last page there is a table with examples how to apply APA Harvard. I email you the table for your reference Generally speaking it is very simple: When in the text you refer to the sources, on the slides everywhere in your paper REMEMBER: you give there only the family name + year of publication. No first names, no initials, no title. For example: Kotler (2009) or (Kotler, 2009), or (Kotler, 2009, p.161) In the Bibliography write all details about the source, starting with the family name, initial and year, for example: Kotler, P. (2009). Marketing Management (9th ed), Pearson NOTA BENE: The important things are:
in the text refer only to the familyname+(year) or familyname+(year, p. ) In the Bibliography give all details starting from the family name
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References
Albaum, G., Strandskov, J., Duerr, E. (2002). International Marketing and Export Management (4th ed.). Prentice Hall. Baines, P., Fill, C.,Page, K. (2008). Marketing. Oxford University Press Burca, S., Fletcher, R., Brown, L. (2004). International Marketing. Prentice Hall. Cateora, P, Graham, J. (1999). International Marketing (10th ed.). The McGraw Hill Companies, Inc. Ecommerce definition and types of ecommerce. Retrieved October 30, 2010, from http://www.digitsmith.com/ecommerce-definition.html Hollensen, S. (2004). Global Marketing (3th ed.). Prentice Hall. Keegan, W., Moriarty, S., Duncan, T. (1992). Marketing. Prentice Hall. Kotler, P., Armstrong, G. (2010). Principals of Marketing (13th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall. Krug, D., Lee, J., Warkentin, M., Chung, H. (2002). Electronic Commerce A Managerial Perspective. Prentice Hall. Nelson, A.,Nelson, W. (2002). Building Electronic Commerce with Web Database Constructions. Addison Wesley.

List them in Alphabetical order please !

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Remember !
Whenever you state something, which a student could not know on his/her own experience, the source has to be referred to in the text. If there is no reference in the text this is a clear case of copy/paste or hidden plagiarism and we are obliged to find evidence for that. The student gets a higher mark when he/she refers to many sources (evidence for efforts and dedication) and a low mark or zero+yellow card when there are facts/statements which are obviously taken from somewhere and not referred to the source

A few examples of good ref to the source in the text

Internet usage Statistics

Population World Regions Africa Asia Europe Middle East North America Latin America/Caribbean Oceania/Australia WORLD TOTAL (2008 Est.) 955,206,348 3,776,181,949 800,401,065 197,090,443 337,167,248 576,091,673 33,981,562 6,676,120,288 Internet Users Dec .1, 2000 4,514,400 114,304,000 105,096,800 3,284,800 108,096,800 18,068,919 7,620,480 360,985,492 Internet Usage (2008 EST.) 51,065,630 578,538,257 384,633,765 41,939,200 248,241,969 139,009,209 20,204,331 1,463,632,361 % Population Usage % Usage Grpwth (Penetration) of World 2000-2008 5.30% 15.30% 48.10% 21.30% 73.60% 24.10% 59.50% 21.90% 3.50% 1,031,2% 39.50% 406,1% 26.30% 266,0% 2.90% 1,176,8% 17.00% 129,6% 9.50% 669,3% 1.40% 165,1% 100.00% 305,5%

SOURCE: http://www.internetwoldstatus.com Copyright 2001-2008, Miniwatts Marketing Group.

I am often asked if Network Marketing is a Pyramid Scheme. My reply is that corporations really are pyramid schemes. A corporation has only one person at the top, genrally the CEO, and everyone else below. (Trump and Kiyosaki,2006, p.307)

Definitions
At the consumer level in international marketing, direct mail is used to reach highincome groups and international travellers. (Burca, Fletcher and Brown, 2004, p.206) Direct involves sending brochures, catalogues and other relevant information by post to the customers, with the goods shipped to them. (Chee and Harris, 1998)
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Here are some examples (Kotler and Armstrong, 2001):

1. Limited consumer exposure and buying 2. Skewed user demographics and psychographics 3. Chaos and clutter

4. Security

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Non APA Harvard and other mistakes Avoid them !

References:

Strauss, J. and Frost, R. (1999). Marketing on the Internet. Prentice Hall, Inc. Baines, P., Fill, C. and Page, K. (2008). Marketing. Oxford University Press. Miletsky, J. (2010). Principles of Internet Marketing. Coarse Technology, Cengage Learning. Kotler, P. and Armstrong, G. (2010). Principles of Marketing (13th ed.). Pearson Prentice Hall. Adcock, D., Halborg, A. and Ross, C. (2001). Marketing Principles and Practice (4th ed.). Pearson Education Limited McDonald, W. (1998). Direct Marketing- an integrated approach. The McGraw Companies. Kotler, P. and Armstrong, G. (2001). Principles of Marketing (9th ed.). Prentice Hall. Perreault, W., McCarthy, E., Parkinson, S. and Stewart, K. (2000). Basic Marketing (European ed.). Alfred Waller. Nickels, W., McHugh, J. and McHugh, S. (2008). Understanding Business (8th ed.). McGraw Hill. Marketing M.O. [Online] http://www.marketingmo.com/strategic-planning/how-to-develop-yourdistribution-channels/ [Accessed: 29 October 2010] Armstrong, G & Kotler, P. (2008). Principles of Marketing (12th ed.) Pearson Prentice Hall. Fox & Wheatley. (1978). Modern marketing Principles & Practice. Scott, Foresman & Co. Harold, C. and Harris, R. (1998). Global Marketing Strategy. Financial Times Professional Limited. William, J., Etzel, J. and Walker, B. (1991). Fundamentals of Marketing (9th ed.). McGraw Hill, Inc. Baker, M. (1994). The Marketing Book (3rd ed.). Butterworth- Heinemann Ltd.

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Alphabetical order, please 11

1. (Author: V.Blagoev ; Title:Marketing ; Publisher:International University Sofia ; Edition:2 ; Year:2003)

2. (Author: Michael J. Baker ; Title: The Marketing book ; Publisher: Butterworth ; Edition: 3 ; Year:1994)

3. (Author: C.Rossi,D.Adcock,A.Halborg ; Title: Principles & Practice ; Publisher:Prentice Hall ; Edition:4 ; Year:2001) 4. (Author: Warren J Keegan ; Title: Global Marketing Management ; Publisher: Pearson Higher Education; Edition:8 ; Year:2008)
5. (Author: Warren J Keegan ; Title: Global Marketing Management ; Publisher: Pearson Higher Education; Edition:7 ; Year:2001) 6. (Author: Kotler and Armstrong, Title: Principles of Marketing, Publisher: Prentice Hall, Edition; 9, Year: 2001)

Find the 10 mistakes in each source This is anything else but APA Harvard

No APA Harvard, No Alphabetical order. This is a clear case of copy/paste. There is no such Sources: IUC student who would produce such List of References on 1.D.Mercer, "Marketing"(1992), first editionhis own (in any such case we look 2. F.Brassington, S. Pettit, "Principles for evidence for plagiarism) of Marketing"(2003), third edition
3. D. King, J. Lee, "Electronic Commerce"(2002), first edition 4. J.Barry Mason, H.Ezell, "Marketing - Principles and Strategy"(1987), first edition 5. G.Armstrong, P.Kotler, "Marketing - an Introduction"(2011), tenth edition 6. P.Baines, C.Fill, K.Page, "Marketing"(2008), first edition 7. D.Chaffey, R.Mayer, "Internet Marketing"(2003), second edition 8. W.Stanton, M. Etzel, "Fundamentals of Marketing"(1991), ninth edition 9. M.McDonald, "Marketing Plans - How to prepare them, How to use them"(2007), sixth edition 10. D.Jobber "Principles and Practice of Marketing"(1998), second edition 11. P. Kotler "Principles of Marketing"(2008), twelfth edition 12. W. Keegan, "Marketing"(1992), first edition 13. comScore / http://searchengineland.com / Third Door Media, Inc 14. Turban, E., et al., Electronic Commerce 2006. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2006. 15. Stead, B. A., and J. Gilbert, Ethical Issues in Electronic Commerce, Journal of Business Ethics, No. 34, 2001.

Bibliography
Keegan, W. & Green, M. (2008) Global Marketing.6th ed. Pearson Prentice Hall Cateora, P. & Graham, J. (1999) International Marketing. 10th ed Irwin/McGraw Hill Strauss, J. & Frost, R. (1991) Marketing on the Internet:principles of online marketing.New Jersey:Prentice Hall Czinkota, M. & Ronkainen, I. (2008) International Marketing. 9th ed.Thomson SouthWestern Czinkota, M. & Ronkainen, I. (2007) International Marketing. 8th ed. Thomson SouthWestern Armstrong, G. & Kotler, P. (2007) Marketing: An Introduction. 8th ed. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall

Alphabetical order, please

 Most producers use intermediaries to bring their products to market. They try to forge a distribution channel- a set of interdependent organizations involved in the process of making a product or service available for use or consumption by the consumer or business user.
Bibliography: Kotler & Armstrong (2001),Principles of Marketing( 9th Edition) Prentice Hall Assael, H.(1993), Marketing Principles and Strategy(2nd Edition).The Dryden Press

No need of the word Bibliography in the text; in the text refer to name (year) only

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E- commerce survey results

Perceived drawback of Online shopping Less than $25K $25K- $40K $40K- $60K $60K- $100K $100K +

Afraid to provide persona and credit card info online

Prefer to see things before buying them Shopping cart is complicated

26%

23%

25%

28%

32%

22%
19%

24%
19%

22%
18%

28%
24%

36%
31%

Horrigan, John B. Online Shopping Pew Internet & American Life Project, 13. Feb. 2008. ( Miletsky, 2010) 16 APA Harvard???
SOURCE:

DISTRIBUTION CHANNEL: PRODUCER,

WHOLESALER, RETAILER, CONSUMER A distribution channel consists of sets of people and the movement of a title from producer to consumer. A channel of distribution always includes both the producer and the final customer for the product as well as any middleman (such as retailers and wholesalers).

If there is a traditional channel for consumer goods, this is it. It is the most common and economical channel chosen by a lot of small retailers and manufacturers (Fundamentals of Marketing, McGraw Hill Inc., 1991).
APA Harvard???
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Middleman
Wholesalers Retailers Buy in large quantities from Consists of the sale, and all activities related directly to producers the sale They sell to retailers who It may be done by any can order in smaller institution, not only by retail amounts stores Wholesaler buy direct from Goods and services to the producer and add a ultimate consumers for profit margin onto the price personal use (The Marketing Book, Butterworth Heinemann they charge the retailer
Ltd., 1994)
APA Harvard???

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Definition of retailing
Retailing is about buying and selling for a profit. Of course that is a rough explanation of the Retailer. Retailing receives goods from a wide range of different sources and then redistribute them to convenient locations along with a marketing package that is valued by their customers or the final consumer. Kotler, P. & Armstrong, G. (1989) Retailing is an activity which includes all the business activities necessary to sell goods and services to final consumers A retailer is a business that takes ownership of goods and services and that acts as an intermediary between the producer and the final consumer. Retailer firms range in size from a little garage shop to a large international chain store like Metro. Cunningham, W., Cunningham, I. & Swift, C.(1987)
APA Harvard??? No need of the first initials in the text. But they are needed in the Bibliography

EU rank

World rank

Company

Retail format(s)

Global sales ($m)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

2 4 6 8 10 11 12 16 18

Carrefour Metro Tesco Ahold Aldi Einkauf Rewe Intermarch Schwarz Group Auchan

Discount, hypermarket, supermarket, superstore, warehouse Cash&carry, department, DIY, food service, hypermarket, speciality, superstore Convenience, department, hypermarket, supermarket, superstore Cash&Carry, discount, drug, hypermarket Discount, supermarket Cash&carry, department, DIY, hypermarket Cash&Carry, discount, DIY, supermarket Discount, supermarket, hyperstore Department, DIY, hypermarket, supermarket

79,796 60,503 51,535 44,584 40,060 38,931 37,472 33,435 32,497

10

21

Tengelmann

Cash&Carry, discount, DIY, drug, supermarket

29,091

Source:

Network Marketing

Do not use pictures (1) without sources and (2) with such quality. The quality matters!

E-selling
Is the process of buying and selling goods on the Internet.
Guess whose sales made 55% of the total sales???

Sales

55% 30% 10% 5%