Introduction
The urgency of missionary activity (1) The mission of Christ the Redeemer, which is entrusted to the Church, is still very far from completion, this mission is still only beginning . Basis and core of missionary life (2) Reemphasized the point of Vatican II Missionary activity is a matter for all Christians
Introduction
The importance of Mission Ad Gentes and sign of the time Difficulties both internal and external have weakened the Church's missionary thrust toward non-Christians nonThese difficulties lead the Church to renew her missionary commitment Purpose of this encyclical
Introduction
Why the Church has to renew her missionary commitment? a world which has experienced marvellous achievements but which seems to have lost its sense of ultimate realities and of existence itself (2) There are many reasons and aims in doing mission but most of all is to serve man by revealing to him the love of God made manifest in Jesus Christ. (2) Christ. The number of those who do not know Christ and do not belong to the Church is constantly on the increase. increase. (3) Almost doubled since the end of the council This becomes thrust, challenge and possibilities to the Church in her missionary life the moment has come to commit all of the Church's energies to a new evangelization and to the mission ad gentes
CHAPTER 1 "No one comes to the Father, but by me" (Jn 14:6) (Jn 14:
To answer the questions above No one can enter into communion with God except through Christ by the working of the Holy Spirit. The definitive self-revelation of God in Jesus selfChrist is the fundamental reason why the Church is missionary by her very nature. She cannot do other than proclaim the Gospel, that is, the fullness of the truth which God has enabled us to know about himself. (5)
CHAPTER 1 "No one comes to the Father, but by me" (Jn 14:6) (Jn 14:
Theological basis of mission: Trinitarian Just as "by his incarnation the Son of God united himself in some sense with every human being," so too "we are obliged to hold that the Holy Spirit offers everyone the possibility of sharing in the Paschal Mystery in a manner known to God. (6) God. (6
Proclaiming Christ and bearing witness to him, when done in a way that respects consciences, does not violate freedom (8)
Mission of the Church has done with respect to each individual conscience and freedom with the obligation that all human beings are impelled and bound by their own nature to seek religious truth
Chapter 1
The Church As Sign and Instrument of Salvation
Christ made the Church his co-worker in cothe salvation of the world (9)
The mystery of salvation Salvation in Christ to humankind Church as the sacrament of salvation (man s respond- cooperation) respond-
Since salvation is offered to all, it must be made concretely available to all. (10) all. 10)
This is the grace come form Christ that urges us to respond through our free cooperation
Chapter 1
"We cannot but speak" (Acts 4:20) 20)
Chapter 2
the Kingdom of God
Salvation consists in believing and accepting the mystery of the Father and of his love, made manifest and freely given in Jesus through the Spirit (12) 12)
Salvation is the fulfilment of Kingdom of God
Prepared in OT, brought about by Christ and proclaim and pray for its OT, perfect and definitive realization by the church. church.
Chapter 2
Christ Makes the Kingdom Presents
Proclaiming of the coming Kingdom: who God is through parables Christ himself is the message. The good news : Immanuel
Chapter 2
Characteristics of the Kingdom and Its demands
Chapter 2
The Kingdom in Relation to Christ and the Church
The kingdom cannot be detached either from Christ or from the Church. (1 Church. (18)
Contrary to anthropocentric and kingdomkingdomcentric Kingdom= Christ + Church (19) (19)
Promoting human values Proclaiming Christ and values Establishing communities
(present and active kingdom on earth)
Chapter 2
The Church at the Service of the Kingdom
Church is effectively and concretely at the service of the kingdom. (20) 20)
I. Preaching II. Establishing communities and founding churches III. Spreading Good News through many activities IV. Her intercession for the fully coming of the kingdom
Chapter 3
THE HOLY SPIRIT: THE PRINCIPAL AGENT OF MISSION
"At the climax of Jesus' messianic mission, the Holy Spirit becomes present in the Paschal Mystery... in and through them the Holy Spirit remains the transcendent and principal agent for the accomplishment of this work in the human spirit and in the history of the world. (21) 21)
Holy Spirit: Principal Agent of the whole mission of the Church( entrusted by Christ- Paschal mystery) ChristWork of the Holy Spirit
In and through Apostles and those who heard them Especially in the mission ad gentes
Chapter 3 Sent Forth "to the end of the earth" Missionary Mandate in all gospel accounts
Go therefore and make disciples of all nations,...and lo, I am with you always, to the close of the age" (Mt 28:18-20; cf. Mk 28:18-20; 16:15-18; 16:15-18; Lk 24:46-49; Jn 20:21-2) (22) 24:46-49; 20:2122) Explicitly in John: Christ sends his own into the world, just as the Father has sent him, and to this end he gives them the Spirit. Spirit.
We see the present of the Holy Spirit in the Church Two fundamental elements of the mission
I. II. Universal aspect Assurance: Entrusting by the Lord: I will be with you.
Chapter 3
The Spirit Directs the Church's Mission
Paul: dialogue- inculturation dialogueHoly Spread the church mission to the end of the earth (Rome- in Act)-> beyond boundaries and (Rome- Act)show universal aspect of the mission
Chapter 3
The Holy Spirit Makes the Whole Church Missionary
at the beginning of the Church the mission ad gentes, while it had missionaries gentes, dedicated "for life" by a special vocation, was in fact considered the normal outcome of Christian living, to which every believer was committed through the witness of personal conduct and through explicit proclamation whenever possible. (27) possible. (27)
Holy Spirit: Forming up the Church First Christian Community were missionaries by living witness and proclaiming Mission: normal Christian witness by words and deeds
Chapter 3
The Spirit Is Present and Active in Every Time and Place
The Spirit manifests himself in a special way in the Church and in her members. Nevertheless, his presence and activity are universal, limited neither by space nor time (28) 28)
Present of the Holy Spirit
Chapter 3
Missionary Activity Is Only Beginning
Our own time... The horizons and possibilities for mission are growing ever wider, and we Christians are called to an apostolic courage based upon trust in the Spirit. (30) 30)
Same Sprit in different challenges All Christians need to be ready to listen to the voice of the Holy Spirit driven the Church s mission
Chapter 4
THE VAST HORIZONS OF THE MISSION AD GENTES
In the apostles, the Church received a universal mission... This mission is one and undivided, having one origin and one final purpose; but within it, there are different tasks and kinds of activity. (31) 31)
Mission to all -> one mission/ one goal but many activities
Chapter 4
A Complex and Ever Changing Religious Picture
Today we face a religious situation which is extremely varied and changing... To say that the whole Church is missionary does not preclude the existence of a specific mission ad gentes... gentes... does not exclude, but actually requires that there be persons who have a specific vocation to be "life-long "lifemissionaries ad gentes. (32) gentes. 32)
All are missionaries including in mission ad gentes but not exclude particular call for mission activities
Chapter 4
Mission Ad Gentes Retains Its Value
Without the mission ad gentes, the gentes, Church's very missionary dimension would be deprived of its essential meaning and of the very activity that exemplifies it... Hence missionary activity ad intra is a credible sign and a stimulus for missionary activity ad extra, and vice versa (34) 34)
Chapter 4
To All Peoples, In Spite of Difficulties
The mission ad gentes faces an enormous task... The difficulties seem insurmountable and could easily lead to discouragement (35) 35)
Difficulties in doing mission (36) (36)
Without
Objection to the Gospels and conversion (cultural objection)
Within
Lack of missionary zeal Division in the Church Lack of appropriate responding to one s faith as Christia De-Christianization De Decrease vocations Fail from following Christ\ Christ\
indifferentism
Chapter 4
Parameters of the Church's Mission Ad Gentes
the mission ad gentes knows no boundaries. Still, it is possible to determine certain parameters within which that mission is exercised, in order to gain a real grasp of the situation. (37) 37)
Parameter of the Church s mission ad gentes
a)
Territorial limits
Mission has no boundaries but there are different and specific interests Regarding faith: believer and non believer Geographically and politically concern Communities: either big or small Example. Asia
b)
c)
Chapter 4
Fidelity to Christ and the Promotion of Human Freedom
All forms of missionary activity are marked by an awareness that one is furthering human freedom by proclaiming Jesus Christ. (39) 39)
Church continues mission of Christ
with right given by God With the hope of authentic religious freedom
She preach (open the door to Christ) but impose nothing (respect one s own conscience)
Chapter 4
Directing Attention Toward the South and the East
Today missionary activity still represents the greatest challenge for the Church... Population growth in non-Christian countries of the nonSouth and the East is constantly increasing the number of people who remain unaware of Christ's redemption. (40) redemption. (40)
New challenges in doing mission
Missionary activity is nothing other and nothing else than the manifestation of God s plan in the world and in history.
Promoting Development By Forming Conscience Interreligious Dialogue Incarnating the Gospel in Peoples Cultures Forming Local Churches
Christ: Witness par excellence and model of all Christian witness All in the church is called to be a witness like Christ. Christians and Christian communities. Most appealing witness: charity towards the poor, the weak and those who suffer and commitment to peace, justice, human rights, and integral human development.
A clear proclamation that in Jesus Christ salvation is offered to all as God s gift. The Good News should be announced to all. Faith is born of preaching and every ecclesial community draws its origin and life from the personal response of each believer to that preaching Proclamation is inspired by faith. We are witness to these things, and so is the Holy Spirit it hoped that the listeners know the truth about God, about themselves, and about redemption.
The aim of Initial Proclamation, a complete and sincere adherence to Christ and his Gospel through faith. Conversion means accepting Christ, becoming his disciple in a dynamic and life-giving process. It is a gift of God, a work of the Blessed Trinity. We cannot preach conversion unless we ourselves are converted anew everyday. Baptism (not optional): it is the Sacrament which signifies and effects rebirth from the Spirit, establishes real and unbreakable bonds with the Blessed Trinity, and makes us members of the Body of Christ, which is the church.
Objective of mission ad gentes: to found Christian Communities and develop Churches to their full maturity, functioning normally in its local setting. The whole mystery of the Church is contained in each particular church that remains in communion with the universal church, becoming missionary in its own turn. Commitment to Ecumenism Basic Ecclesial Communities as force for Evangelization . A starting point for a new society based on a civilization of love . Evangelized and Evangelizers.
Interreligious Dialogue
Part of the Church s evangelizing mission, understood as a method and means of mutual knowledge and enrichment, and is one of its expression. This is to be done in the conviction that the ordinary way of salvation, as willed by Jesus Christ, is the Church. Proclaiming Jesus Christ and interreligious dialogue : distinct and intimately connected. Dialogue must be done with truth, humility, and frankness; with no false irenicism, but witness leading to eliminating prejudices, to inner purification, and to conversion. All Christian is called to practice dialogue, though not to the same degree and to the same extent.
The church promotes development through the Gospel message, which leads to conversion of heart and ways of thinking, the recognition of each person s dignity, solidarity, commitment and service of one s neighbor, building the kingdom of peace and justice, as the beginning of the new heavens and new earth . All will become true brothers and sisters through conversion of all to an integral development open to the Absolute.
Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples Other Structures for Missionary activity
Jesus gave the College of Apostles, with Peter as its head, the responsibility for mission. In the same way, the bishops and the pope are responsible for it. Bishops are consecrated not only for a particular diocese but for the salvation of the entire world. Each Bishop has a wide-ranging widemissionary duty: to promote, direct, coordinate missionary activity, devoting a fair share of personnel and funds to the evangelization of non Christians. Each particular churches must be generous and open to the needs of other churches.
Of fundamental importance in the missionary apostolate are persons and institutes with a special vocation patterned on that of the apostles, manifested in a total commitment to evangelization with one s whole person and life. The missionary institutes, remaining faithful to their charism, must employ all means necessary to ensure adequate preparation of candidates and the renewal of their members spiritual, moral, and physical energies. It is praiseworthy that these institutes receive more and more candidates from the young churches they have founded. They remain absolutely necessary not only for the mission ad gentes, but also for stirring up gentes, mission fervor both in the older and younger churches. The missionary vocation for life retains its validity. Those missionaries should not be daunted by doubts, but revive their charism and courageously press on, preferring the most demanding places.
The spiritual gift that priests have received in ordination prepares them, not for any narrow and limited mission, but for the most universal and all-embracing mission of allsalvation to the end of the earth. Their formation should aim at the Catholic spirit, transcending their diocese, country, or rite, ready to preach the Gospel anywhere Fidei Donum (Pius XII), encouraged bishops to offer some of their priests for temporary service in the churches of Africa. John Paul II hoped that this spirit of service will increase among the priests of old and new churches.
Diocesa n Priests
Institutes of Consecrated life, whose members, because of the dedication to the service of the Church deriving from their very consecration, have an obligation to play a special part in missionary activity, in a manner appropriate to their Institute Two exhortations: a. For the Institutes of Contemplative Life to establish communities in the young churches so as to bear glorious witness among non-Christians to the majesty nonand love of God, as well as to unity in Christ b. For Institutes of Active Life, the Pope recommended the immense opportunities for works of charity, for the proclamation of the Gospel, for Christian education, cultural endeavors and solidarity with the poor and those suffering from discrimination, abandonment and oppression. No one witness more effectively than those who profess the consecrated life of chastity, poverty, and obedience in their total gift of self to God and the service of humankind after the example of Jesus Christ This is especially true of those missionary religious sisters, whose virginity for the sake of the Kingdom is transformed into a motherhood in the spirit that is rich and fruitful.
All the laity are missionaries by Baptism and through baptism shared in the threefold mission of Christ (priest, king, prophet) The mission ad gentes rests on the shoulder of the entire people of God From the beginning the laity shared in spreading the faith. There were circumstances where only through the laity the people are able to hear the Gospel and to know Christ. Their own field is the vast and complicated world of politics, society, and economics on the local, national, and international levels. There are ecclesial movement that are filled with missionary dynamism and the Pope recommended that these should be spread especially among the young people, in view of pluralistic ways in which Christians can express themselves. The laity form an essential and undeniable element in the planting of the church.
There will always be a need for their ministry and that they are specialists recognized as such by the New Code of Canon Law. Their work is more and more difficult because of all the challenges taking place. In view of these, they need careful training, a decent standard of living, and social security. Other leaders: those in charge of prayer, song, and liturgy, leaders of basic communities, administrators, and teachers also serves in their own way to the church and her mission. All the members of the laity ought to devote a part of their time to the Church, living their faith authentically.
The Church s mission requires organization and communion. The Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples is responsible for missionary activity and cooperation. Their task is to recruit and distribute missionaries, draw up plan of action, issue norms, directives, and principles, and assist in the initial stages. Episcopal conferences, major superiors, and all others should faithfully cooperate with this congregation. The Congregation itself should keep in close contact with all the other congregations, with local churches and the various missionary forces. Episcopal conferences are asked to look into the directing and coordinating of missionary activity and to consider the complex issue of inculturation, so that the missionary concern will be shared by all Missionary institutions should join their forces and initiatives, and cooperate in formation, study, and the actual apostolate.
Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples Other Structures for Missionary activity
All Christians share responsibility for missionary activity, rooted and lived in personal union with Christ.
Not only Giving to the Missions but also Receiving from Them as Well
Tourism can be an enriching experience, and visiting the missions is commendable, especially on the part of the young who go there to serve and gain experience. Reasons of work can bring Christians to areas where Christianity is unknown, forbidden, or even persecuted. They offer opportunities to live the faith and bear witness to it. People from mission countries settling in traditionally Christian countries challenge hospitality, dialogue, service, sharing, witness, and direct proclamation. The increasing interdependence between peoples offers a new stimulus for witness and evangelization.
The vocation to a lifelong commitment to mission in missionary institutions and congregations should be promoted. Promoting such vocation is at the heart of missionary cooperation. Parents should foster missionary vocations, and young people should listen to Christ s invitation Follow me! replying: Here I am Lord! I am ready! Send me! .
Missionary formation is central to the Christian life and that Churches should make it a key element in their pastoral activity. It is necessary that missionary publications and audiovisual aids spread information. It is important that missionary institutes devote personnel and resources to them, especially in the younger churches. The church s universal mission, ecumenism, the great religions, and missiology should be studied in seminaries and houses of formation for men and women religious, ensuring that some specialize in the different fields of missiology. Mission promotion must always give the full picture keeping in mind the primary task of bearing witness to and proclaim salvation in Christ and to establish local churches, which then become means of liberation in every sense.
The four Pontifical Mission Societies (Propagation of the Faith, Saint Peter the Apostle, Holy Childhood, and the Missionary Union) have a common purpose the promotion of missionary consciousness and formation and the fostering of lifelong vocations ad gentes. gentes. Under the leadership of the pope and the College of Bishops, and depending on the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples, they unite the churches for the conversion of the whole world.
Cooperating in missionary activity means not only giving but also receiving. By virtue of catholicity, the individual parts bring their own gifts to other parts and the whole world. It is urged by the Pope for all to be open to this universality and to avoid provincialism of feelings of self-sufficiency. selfAll the churches, both young and old, should not isolate themselves and they need to be in contact with all the brothers and sisters in the faith.
Not only Giving to the Missions but also Receiving from Them as Well
A look at today s world can lead to pessimism. Yet there are signs that God is preparing a great springtime for Christianity. People are gradually drawing closer to the Gospel values (rejection of violence and war, respect for the human person and human rights, the desire for freedom, justice, and brotherhood/ sisterhood, the surmounting of racism and nationalism, the affirmation of the dignity and the role of women) The number of those awaiting Christ is immense, requiring us to unite all the church s resources. The missionary task must remain foremost for it concerns the destiny of humanity.
Missionary Spirituality
Loving the Church and Humanity as Jesus did
Fortitude
The Spirit transformed the Apostles into courageous witnesses to Christ and enlightened heralds of his word. In the face of difficult and complex mission, we often experience the dramatic situation of the first Christian community.
An essential characteristic of missionary spirituality is intimate communion with Christ, who became obedient unto death, even death on the cross (cf. Phil 2: 5-8). 5Missionaries are required: - To renounce themselves - To make themselves everything to everyone. (AG 24) It is precisely because he is sent that the missionary experiences the consoling presence of Christ, who is with him at every moment of life
Missionary spirituality is marked with the Charity of Christ, who came to gather into one, the children of God who are scattered abroad (Jn 11:52) 11:52) Missionaries are the universal brothers/ sisters proclaiming that God loves all by being urged on by zeal for souls and by being a person of charity, overcoming barriers of race, caste, and ideology. Missionaries love the church just as Christ loved it and gave himself up for her . Only profound love for the church can sustain the missionary s zeal.
The call to mission derives from the call to holiness. The church s missionary spirituality is a journey towards holiness. The renewed impulse to mission ad gentes demands holy missionaries. Underlying the missionary enthusiasm of the first Christian communities was the holiness of those first Christians. To the recently baptized and young Churches: set themselves on the path of holiness and be a leaven of missionary spirit for the older Churches. Missionaries should be contemplative in action and be people of the Beatitudes.
Conclusion
Today the Church has the opportunity to bring the Gospel to the world as never before. All are called to respond with generosity and holiness to the calls and challenges of our times. We must gather in the Upper Room as the Apostles did, together with Mary, the mother of Jesus (cf. Acts 1:14) to be guided by the Holy Spirit. JP II entrust the Church and in particular those who commit themselves to the missionary mandate to Mary s mediation. As Christ sent forth his Apostles in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit, so too, renewing that same mandate, I extend to all of you my Apostolic Blessing in the name of the same Most Holy Trinity. Amen.