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INTRODUCTION
The Textile Industry In India Has Been A Pioneer Industry. Indias Industrialization In Other Fields Has Mainly Been Achieved On The Back Of The Resources Generated By This Industry. The Recent Liberalization Measures Have Presented The Industry With A Golden Opportunity To Regain Its Last Glory. The Process Has Begun But A Lot Of Work Remains To Be Done. Using Nanotechnology, It Is Possible to Develop NextGeneration Cotton-Based Fabrics That Can Complement The Advantages Of Cotton And Man-Made Fibers.

MISTAKES INCREAES OUR EXPERIENCE & EXPERIENCE DECREASES OUR MISTAKES

NANO FIBRES
Nanofibers, 20-200 nm, which are 10-100times smaller in diameter than those produced by conventional technology, are produced by electrospun. eSpin offers custom-made nanofiber nonwoven membranes, whiskers and three-dimensional structures based on nanofibers. Nanofiber membranes, paper-like thin products consist of the randomly laid fibers. They offer high porosity, large pore volume, and high moisture vapour transmission, as well as a small fiber diameter combined with high surface area, high absorbency and the ability to hold large numbers of chemically functional groups

NANO SPHERE
Nanosphere impregnation involves a three-dimensional surface structure with gel-forming additives which repel water and prevent dirt particles from attaching themselves. This property is comparable to some phenomena in nature such as the leaves of the locus plant.

NANO COMPOSITES
 The definition of nano-composite material has broadened significantly to encompass a large variety of systems such as one-dimensional, two-dimensional, three-dimensional and amorphous materials, made of distinctly dissimilar components and mixed at the nanometer scale.

Nano scale fiber sintelligent nano fiber

NANO TECHNOLOGY AND MARKET

shigh strength PET, nylon fiber shigh performance absorptive filter snano carbon tube,biology intimation

Nano coating textiles

Nano composite fiber

sEM wave absorption sultra durl hydrophobic/hydrophilic interface snano coating products

Product value of nano-fiber/textile will worth 150 billion in coming 2-3 years

santi bacteria/stink/dust santi melting,flame retardant, few smoke sUV or radiant wave absorption sFar-IR health seeking

High performance dyestuff/pigment

sinductive, electricity restrain/induction

shigh fastness/color yield shigh brilliant dyestuff slight penetration stability

NANO-TECHNOLOGY IN FIBER AND TEXTILE MANUFACTURING

In this recent advances made in nanotechnology and its applications to cotton textiles and fibers. We have classified our review in two main areas : (a) applications of nanotechnology in fibers and yarn production and, (b) applications in fabric finishing . The intention here is to demonstrate that the advancement of nanotechnology brings the possibility of developing next-generation cotton based fabrics that could complement the advantages of cotton and man-made fibers.

APPLICATIONS OF NANO-FIBERS AND COMPOSITES:

Filtration Medical Application Nanofiber Composite Construction
Fiber Type Nanofibers
Fiber Type

Fiber size, in Micrometer 0.05

Fiber size, in Micrometer

Fiber surface area per mass of fiber material m2/g 80

Fiber surface area per mass of 0.2 fiber material m2/g 2 80 0.2 2

Spunbond fiber

20

Nanofibers Melt blown fiber Spunbond fiber Melt blown fiber

2.0

0.05 20 2.0

ADVANCES IN NANO-FIBER/YARN DEVELOPMENTS

The discovery of Carbon Nano Tubes (CNT) has led to the exploration of high strength and superior performance fibers. Recently, high-performance yarns were produced through super-aligned arrays of carbon nanotubes Such yarns exhibit extraordinary mechanical properties, viz. The desired functionality in the fibers can also be obtained by embossing the surface of synthetic fibers with nano structures . Moreover, integration of nano-sized antimicrobial particles into textile fibers can lead to the development of superior wound dressings.

ADVANCES IN FABRIC FINISHES

The recent advancement of fabric finishes is greatly contributed to the advancement in the area of Nano-technology. One of the leading companies to implement the nano-technology is Nano-Tex TM. They have developed several fabric treatments such as (a) permanent anti-static treatment; (b) wrinkle free treatment using moisture-wicking technology; (c) stain resistance and oil repellent treatments; and These treatments onto textile substrates permanently alter properties of the textiles and are claimed to exhibit superior durability, softness, tear strength, abrasion resistance and capable of providing softness to durable press garments.

By combining the nano-particles with the organic and inorganic compounds, the surfaces of the fabrics treated with abrasion resistant, water repellent, ultraviolet (UV), electromagnetic and infrared protection finishes can be appreciably modified. Recently, the titanium-dioxide nano particles have been utilized for the UV protection Also by using nano-sized silicon dioxide, improvements in the strength and flame-resistance of textile fabrics can be achieved . The usage of nano engineered cross-link agents during finishing process enhances the wrinkle resistance of cotton fabric.

Wicks Body Moisture Dries Quickly Breathable Fabric

Superior Water and Oil repellency Unsurpassed Durability Breathable Fabric

Liquid and Oil Repellent Wrinkle Resistance Breathable Fabric

MICRO ORGANISMS

CHARACTERISTICS OF NANO FINISHING IN GARMENTS

1. Nano - processed garments have protective coating, which is water and beverage repellent. 2. When a substance is manipulated at sizes of approximately 100 nm, the structure of the processed clothing becoming more compressed. This makes clothing stain and dirt resistant. 3. This technology embraces environmental friendly properties. 4. The crease resistant feature keeps clothing neat 5.Nano processed products are toxic free 6. Garments stay bright, fresh looking and are more durable than ordinary materials

APPLICATIONS IN TEXTILES
Due to the advancement of Nano-technology in the manufacturing of fibers/yarns as well as in the development of fabric finishes, the applications and scope of nano-technology in the area of textiles are widespread.

DEVELOPMENTS OF NANOTECHNOLOGY IN TEXTILE FABRICS

As discussed before, Nano-TexTM has already developed a process for fabric finishes to achieve wrinkle-resistant, stain-resistant, anti-static and sun-block or UV protection properties and are in the process of developing fabrics with these finishes. Recently, for dynamic climate control, known as soft shells, for clothings and gloves manufacturing that are extremely air-permeable, light, and water & wind resistant.

Otsuka Kagaku has developed new electro conductive fibers to be used for the protection from radiation emitted by electronics. For the purpose of de-odorizing, Traptek is developed odor-free clothing using activated carbon; Nanotech has developed socks containing nanoparticles of silver; Fuji Spinning's have developed "V-Up" functionalized fibers for deodorising the undergraments; and Mitsubishi and Solutia have developed an antimicrobial and deodorant fiber made from seashells.

Moreover, Nano-filtration membranes are being used successfully for the treatment of dye effluents. These grafted membranes are capable of removing dyes so that the processed water can be recycled and reused

Such composites improve the thermal stability of the cellulose and it could lead to the development of a flame retardant end-products such as nonwovens, papers, filament fibers, coatings, etc.

FUTURE DIRECTIONS
There is a significant potential for profitable applications of Nano-technology in cotton and other textiles. Several applications of Nano-technology can be extended to attain the performance enhancement of textile manufacturing machines & processes. The textile industry has the biggest customer base in the world. Therefore, advances in the customer-oriented products should be the focus for the future nanotechnology applications.

The future research should be targeted on developing improved dirt, crease and shrink resistance properties in fabrics, temperature adaptable clothing and odorless undergarments.

We envision that by combining the optical fibers, micro mirrors, functional coatings and electronic textiles customized fabrics can be developed which can change its color as per the desire of consumers taste. Several advances can also be madetowards the development of strong fibers and fabrics for biomedical and military applications.

BHARATHA BOOMI , PAARKELAM THILAGAM - MAHAKAVI BHARATHIYAR OUR COUNTRY WAS A ORTHODOX AND SELF GENERATED COUNTRY. BUT DUE TO THE SEVERAL REASONS IT GROWTH IS IN DECLINE STATE NOW. BY MEANS OF SWOT ANALYSIS IT WILL BE A GOOD WAY TO GLITTER. TOWARDS WORKING FOR INDIA AND THE INDIAN TEXTILE INDUSTRY WE WILL IMPROVE US AND OUR NATION.

Contd

Ragu Raman.M & Rudramoorthi.M