CONTROL OF HYDROGEN SULPHIDE GAS LEAKAGE USING PLC

BY
INTERNAL GUIDE:
Mrs. M.S.AMUDHA RANI EIE/LECTURER A.R.MAHABOOBA RISHANA A.R.MAHARIBA RIHANA EIE FINAL YEAR K.L.N. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

OBJECTIVE
To control the leakage of Hydrogen Sulphide (H2S) gas in refineries and petroleum industries.

To provide a safety environment for the workers.

WHY H2S GAS IS SELECTED ?

GASES SO2 THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUE 3000 ppm HAZARDS Non-flammable Non& Toxic gas --Highly flammable & Toxic gas Highly flammable & Toxic gas APPEARNCE Colorless with burning sulphur smell Reddish brown gas Colorless, Odorless & Tasteless gas Colorless with rotten egg smell

NO2 CO

300 ppm <100 ppm

H2S

10 ppm

EXISTING METHODS IN INDUSTRIES

 In refineries when there is a gas leakage, an alarm signal is given to the workers to exit from the site.  The plant is shut down.  When there is a sudden gas leakage, there is no source to the control the toxicity of the gas.
DISADVANTAGES: Unsafe for workers. Causes pollution.

PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE BUT PROTECTION IS BETTER THAN PREVENTION

OUR IDEAS
 H2S gas is corrosive in nature , it can easily corrode the metal pipelines when passing through it .  An IR Transmitter and Receiver is used to scan the entire pipeline.  If there are any holes in the pipelines, the IR Receiver will sense it and produces a signal .  When there is a gas leakage, a pump is used to spray the Lead Acetate solution over the leakage areas.  Thus the toxicity of H2S gas is reduced.

ADVANTAGES
 Pollution-free. Pollution Safe for workers.  Toxicity of H2S gas is reduced.  Other products can be extracted from H2S gas (Lead Sulphide).

BLOCK

DIAGRAM

IR TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER

The IR transmitter produces the IR signal and it is passed over the pipeline and the IR receiver will receive the light signal.  The transmitter and receiver are placed on the moving bracket. The bracket is moved with the help of DC motor. The bracket revolves around the pipe and moves up and down through out the pipe.

ALARM SIGNAL CIRCUIT

EMERGENCY EXIT CIRCUIT

RELAY DRIVER CIRCUIT

VOICE RECORDED SIGNAL &PUMP SYSTEM

VOICE RECORDED IC
 IC SN510 is used.  The information PLANT IS SHUTTING DOWN DUE TO HYDROGEN SULPHIDE GAS LEAKGE is stored in the IC.  When there is a gas leakage, the information is announced.

PUMP SYSTEM  The lead acetate solution is filled in a separate tank and the pump is immersed inside the solution.  When there is a gas leakage, the PLC will activates the pump so that the pump will spray the lead acetate solution.

CHEMICAL REACTION
REACTION BETWEEN H2S AND Pb(CH3COO)2 The chemical reaction is:
H2S (g) + Pb (CH3COO)2 (aq) -----> 2CH3COOH (aq). PbS (s) +

ADVANTAGES OF LEAD SULPHIDE

The lead is separated from lead sulphide and it is used for sounding, glass, pottery glazes, pewter, fulminates, type bearings, soldering, fusible alloys and bullets. It is used for manufacturing lead acid battery.

LADDER DIAGRAM USING OMRON PLC

FRONT PANEL DIAGRAM

GAS CONCENTRATION IS ABOVE 10 PPM

GAS CONCENTRATION IS BELOW 10 PPM

BLOCK DIAGRAM

PHOTOGALLERY

CONCLUSION
 Nowadays pollution is a major problem.  We have selected this project mainly to control the pollution.  To provide a safety environment for the workers.

THANK YOU